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List of lynchings in Texas in 1922

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Map of Texas counties with location of lynchings highlighted
The county location of lynchings in 1922 on a Map of Texas

In 1922 there were 13 lynchings in the American state of Texas. Of these 13 attacks, there were 15 people killed. Montgomery County, Texas had the most lynching with three, Thomas Early (May 17, 1922); Joe Winters (May 20, 1922); Warren Lewis (June 23, 1922).

Texarkana is a city that is bisected down the middle by the state borders of Texas and Arkansas. The west of the city is in Bowie County, Texas and the east is in Miller County, Arkansas. There was a lynching on the Arkansas side of Texarkana, when P. Norman was killed on February 11, 1922. The people involved most likely involved in the lynch mob came from the Texas side.

In 1922 United States there were 61 lynchings of which Texas had the most followed by Georgia (11) and Mississippi (8). In 1921 there were 64 people lynched in the United States with the top three states being Georgia (14), Mississippi (13), and Texas & Arkansas both having six lynching incidents.

The lynchings in 1922 Texas ranged from single incidents to the deaths of multiple people at the hands of the mob, like the Lynching in Kirvin, Texas where four people were killed. Some lynch mobs burnt their victims alive, others riddled their bodies with bullets or strung them up and hanged them from trees or lamposts.

African Americans weren't the only minority group in American impacted by lynchings. Texas was a very hostile place towards Mexicans after World War I. According to Lawrence A. Cardoso, right after World War I ended one Mexican national was lynched per week in the state of Texas.

Lynching in 1922 Texas

This table is from a report by the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary.


No. Name Age Race Date Place Method of lynching Alleged Crime
1 Manuel Duarte Hispanic February 2, 1922 Cameron County, Texas Shot Refusing to leave the farm
2 Snap Curry 23 African-American May 6, 1922 Kirvin, Freestone County, Texas Burned Assault and murder of white woman
3 H. Varney (or Johnnie Cornish) 19 African-American May 6, 1922 Kirvin, Freestone County, Texas Burned Assault and murder of white woman
4 Mose Jones 46 African-American May 6, 1922 Kirvin, Freestone County, Texas Burned Assault and murder of white woman
5 Tom Cornish African-American May 8, 1922 Kirvin, Freestone County, Texas Burned Assault and murder of white woman
6 Thomas Early 25~ African-American May 17, 1922 Conroe, Montgomery County, Texas Burned Assault of a white woman
7 Hullen Owens African-American May 19, 1922 Texarkana, Bowie County, Texas Hanged (body burned) Murder
8 Joe Winters 20 African-American May 20, 1922 Conroe, Montgomery County, Texas Burned Assault of a white woman
9 Mose Bozier 60 African-American May 20, 1922 Alleyton, Colorado County, Texas Hanged Assault of a white woman
10 Gilbert Wilson African-American May 23, 1922 Bryan, Brazos County, Texas Beaten to death Stealing cattle
11 Jesse Thomas 23 African-American May 26, 1922 Waco, McLennan County, Texas Shot (body burned) Murder, assault
12 Warren Lewis 17 African-American June 23, 1922 New Dacus, Montgomery County, Texas Hanged Assault of a white woman
13 O.J. Johnson African-American September 7, 1922 Newton, Newton County, Texas Hanged Murder
14 Grover C. Everett African-American September 28, 1922 Abilene, Taylor and Jones Counties Shot Unknown
15 Elias Villarael Zarate 22 Hispanic November 11, 1922 Weslaco, Hidalgo County, Texas Shot Assault on white co-worker
16 George Gay 25 African-American December 11, 1922 Streetman in Freestone and Navarro Hanged Assault of a white woman

See also

Annotations

  1. Forced to give speech to other Blacks, telling them to stay in their place and be good workers
  2. Hung from tree and body riddled with bullets
  3. Johnson was twice tried with killing a Turpentine camp foreman four years ago.
  4. Four masked men walked into his hotel room, shot him and left

Bibliography

Notes

  1. United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary 1926, pp. 17–18.
  2. United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary 1926, p. 16.
  3. The Morning Tulsa Daily World, May 7, 1922, p. 3.
  4. Cardoso 1980, p. 114.
  5. United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary 1926, p. 17.
  6. La Prensa, March 2, 1922, p. 1.
  7. The Topeka State Journal, February 28, 1922, p. 6.
  8. Arizona Republican, May 21, 1922, p. 2.
  9. Bisbee Daily Review, May 21, 1922, p. 1.
  10. The West Virginian , June 2, 1922, p. 15.
  11. The Seattle Star, June 2, 1922, p. 15.
  12. The Chicago Whip, July 1, 1922, p. 1.
  13. The Topeka State Journal , June 24, 1922, p. 1.
  14. The Chicago Whip, September 16, 1922, p. 2.
  15. Casper Daily Tribune, September 7, 1922, p. 1.
  16. The Daily Ardmoreite, September 22, 1922, p. 10.
  17. Austin American-Statesmen, September 11, 1922.

References

List of lynchings in the United States in 1922
Number Name Date Place Method of lynching Number of victims
1 Bill McAllister January 8, 1922 Williamsburg, S.C. Shot 1
2 Lincoln Hickson January 8, 1922 Williamsburg, S.C. Shot 1
3 Willie Jenkins January 10, 1922 Eufaula, Alabama Shot 1
4 Jake Brooks January 14, 1922 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Hanged 1
5 Charles Strong January 17, 1922 Mayo, Florida Hanged 1
6 Will Bell January 29, 1922 Pontotoc, Mississippi Shot 1
7 Unidentified January 29, 1922 Pontotoc, Mississippi Shot
8 Drew Conner (White) January 28, 1922 Bolinger, Alabama Burned 1
9 Will Thrasher February 1, 1922 Crystal Springs, Mississippi Hanged 1
10 Harry Harrison February 2, 1922 Malvern, Arkansas Shot 1
11 Manuel Duarte February 2, 1922 Cameron County, Texas Shot 1
12 P. Norman February 11, 1922 Texarkana, Arkansas Shot 1
13 Will Jones February 13, 1922 Ellaville, Georgia Shot 1
14 William Baker March 8, 1922 Aberdeen, Mississippi Hanged 1
15 Alfred Williams March 12, 1922 Harlem, Georgia Hanged 1
16 Brown Culpepper (White) March 13, 1922 Holly Grove, Louisiana Shot 1
17 Jerry Ingram March 17, 1922 Crawford, Mississippi Shot 1
18 Unidentified (white) March 19, 1922 Okay, Oklahoma Drowned 1
19 Alexander Smith March 22, 1922 Gulfport, Mississippi Hanged 1
20 Snap Curry May 6, 1922 Kirvin, Texas Burned 1
21 H. Varney (or Johnnie Cornish) May 6, 1922 Kirvin, Texas Burned 1
22 Mose Jones May 6, 1922 Kirvin, Texas Burned 1
23 Tom Cornish May 8, 1922 Kirvin, Texas Hanged 1
24 Thomas Early May 17, 1922 Conroe, Texas Burned 1
25 Charles Atkins May 18, 1922 Davisboro, Georgia Burned 1
26 Hullen Owens May 19, 1922 Texarkana, Texas Hanged (body burned) 1
27 Joe Winters May 20, 1922 Conroe, Texas Burned 1
28 Mose Bozier May 20, 1922 Alleyton, Texas Hanged 1
29 Gilbert Wilson May 23, 1922 Bryan, Texas Beaten to death 1
30 Jesse Thomas May 26, 1922 Waco, Texas Shot (body burned) 1
31 William Byrd May 28, 1922 Brentwood, Georgia Shot (body burned) 1
32 Robert Collins June 20, 1922 Summit, Mississippi Hanged 1
33 Warren Lewis June 23, 1922 New Dacus, Texas Hanged 1
34 James Harvey July 1, 1922 Lanes Bridge, Georgia Hanged 1
35 Joe Jordan July 1, 1922 Lanes Bridge, Georgia Hanged 1
36 Philip Tankard July 5, 1922 Belhaven, North Carolina Shot 1
37 Joe Pemberton July 7, 1922 Benton, Louisiana Hanged 1
38 Jake "Shake" Davis July 14, 1922 Miller County, Georgia Hanged 1
39 Oscar Mack July 18, 1922 Orange County, Florida Hanged (False report, Oscar Mack survived) 1
40 Will Anderson July 24, 1922 Allentown, Georgia Shot 1
41 John West July 28, 1922 Guernsey, Arkansas Shot 1
42 Gilbert Harris August 1, 1922 Hot Springs, Arkansas Hanged 1
43 John Glover August 1, 1922 Holton, Shot 1
44 Bayner Blackwell August 6, 1922 Swansboro, North Carolina Shot 1
45 John Steelman August 23, 1922 Lambert, Mississippi Burned 1
46 Thomas Rivers August 30, 1922 Bossier Parish, Louisiana Hanged 1
47 F. Watt Daniels (White) August 1922 Mer Rouge, Louisiana Ku-Klux Klan 1
48 Thomas F. Richards (White) August 1922 Mer Rouge, Louisiana Ku-Klux Klan 1
49 Jim Reed Long September 2, 1922 Winder, Georgia Ku-Klux Klan 1
50 O.J. Johnson September 7, 1922 Newton, Texas Hanged 1
51 Jim Johnston September 28, 1922 Sandersville, Georgia Hanged 1
52 Grover C. Everett September 28, 1922 Abilene, Texas Shot 1
53 John Brown October 3, 1922 Montgomery, Alabama Shot 1
54 Ed Hartley (white) October 20, 1922 Camden, Tennessee Shot 1
55 George Hartley (white) October 20, 1922 Camden, Tennessee Shot 1
56 Elias V. Zarate November 11, 1922 Weslaco, Texas Shot 1
57 Cupid Dickson / Cubrit Dixon December 5, 1922 Madison, Florida Shot 1
58 Charles Wright December 8 ,1922 Perry, Florida Burned 1
59 Less Smith December 9, 1922 Morrilton, Arkansas Burned 1
60 George Gay December 11, 1922 Streetman, Texas Hanged 1
61 Arthur Young December 11, 1922 Perry, Florida Hanged 1
Lynching in the United States
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