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{{short description|Finnish soldier and Soviet spy; executed in 1944}}
{{ref improve|date=January 2013}} {{more citations needed|date=January 2013}}
{{Infobox criminal {{Infobox criminal
| name = Mauno Olavi Laiho | name = Mauno Olavi Laiho
| image_name = | image_name =
| image_size = | image_size =
| image_alt = | image_alt =
| image_caption = | image_caption =
| nationality = ] | nationality = ]
| birth_name = | birth_name =
| birth_date = 1907 | birth_date = 27 October 1907
| birth_place = | birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = 2 September 1944 | death_date = 2 September 1944 (aged 36)
| death_place = ] | death_place = ]
| cause = Execution by ] | cause = ]
⚫ | conviction = ]<br />]<br />]
| alias =
⚫ | conviction_penalty = ]
| motive =
⚫ | conviction_status = ]
| charge =
⚫ | conviction = ], ] and high ]
⚫ | conviction_penalty = Death
⚫ | conviction_status =
| occupation =
| spouse =
| parents =
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}} }}


'''Mauno Olavi Laiho''' (1907 - 2 September 1944) was the last Finn to be executed in ].<ref>Penkkala-Arikka, Päivi (2006) ''Erään Mauno Olavin tarina. Olavi Laiho, viimeinen teloitettu suomalainen'' . (Master's thesis) University of Helsinki</ref> '''Mauno Olavi Laiho''' (27 October 1907 – 2 September 1944) was the last Finn to be executed in ].<ref>Penkkala-Arikka, Päivi (2006) ''Erään Mauno Olavin tarina. Olavi Laiho, viimeinen teloitettu suomalainen'' . (Master's thesis) University of Helsinki</ref>


==Early life== ==Early life==
Olavi Laiho was born the son of a farmhand in ], Finland. He was introduced to ] very early on, and was an active member of the underground ]. He moved to ], where he worked as construction worker. Laiho was active in sports. Olavi Laiho was born the son of a farmhand in ], Finland. He was introduced to ] very early on, and was an active member of the underground ]. He moved to ], where he worked as a construction worker. Laiho was active in sports.


==Military service== ==Military service==
During the ], Laiho was ] in the ] as a private. Laiho ] and moved in a clandestine hideaway near ], where he worked actively as a spy for the ] and as an aide for other deserters. During the ], Laiho was ] into the ] as a private. Laiho ] and moved to a clandestine hideaway near ], where he worked actively as a spy for the ] and as an aide for other deserters.


==Capture, trial and execution== ==Capture, trial and execution==
{{see also|Capital punishment in Finland}} {{see also|Capital punishment in Finland}}
Laiho was caught in early 1944 and sentenced to death by ] for desertion, ] and ]. He was shot by ] ] on 2 September 1944 in ], two days before the armistice.<ref>Kulomaa, Jukka and Nieminen, Jarmo: Teloitettu totuus - kesä 1944. (''Executecd Truth - Summer 1944'') Ajatus Kirjat, Helsinki, October 2008. {{ISBN|978-951-20-7772-4}}</ref> Although the Finnish Military Code mandated a death penalty for espionage and treason, it is likely his communist background ultimately influenced his sentence. Laiho was caught in early 1944 and sentenced to death by ] for desertion, ] and ]. He was shot by ] ] on 2 September 1944 in ], two days before the armistice.<ref>Kulomaa, Jukka and Nieminen, Jarmo: Teloitettu totuus – kesä 1944. (''Executeced Truth – Summer 1944'') Ajatus Kirjat, Helsinki, 2008. {{ISBN|978-9512077724}}</ref> Although the Finnish Military Code mandated a death penalty for espionage and treason, it is likely Laiho's communist background ultimately influenced his sentence.


Laiho was the last Finn to be executed in Finland, and the last Finn to be executed for a military crime. A group of three Soviet infiltrators were shot on the following day for ]. The armistice on 4 September 1944 put a moratorium on any further executions. In 1945, all death sentences were commuted to ]. Laiho was the last Finn to be executed in Finland, and the last Finn to be executed for a military crime. A group of three Soviet infiltrators were shot on the following day for ]. The armistice on 4 September 1944 put in place a moratorium on any further executions. In 1945, all death sentences were commuted to ].


The death penalty for military crimes was abolished in Finland in 1972. The death penalty for military crimes was abolished in Finland in 1972.


== References == == References ==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist}}

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Latest revision as of 00:53, 5 April 2024

Finnish soldier and Soviet spy; executed in 1944
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Mauno Olavi Laiho
Born27 October 1907
Halikko, Grand Duchy of Finland
Died2 September 1944 (aged 36)
Oulu, Finland
Cause of deathExecution by firing squad
NationalityFinnish
Criminal statusExecuted
Conviction(s)High treason
Espionage
Desertion
Criminal penaltyDeath

Mauno Olavi Laiho (27 October 1907 – 2 September 1944) was the last Finn to be executed in Finland.

Early life

Olavi Laiho was born the son of a farmhand in Halikko, Finland. He was introduced to communism very early on, and was an active member of the underground Finnish Communist Party. He moved to Turku, where he worked as a construction worker. Laiho was active in sports.

Military service

During the Continuation War, Laiho was conscripted into the Finnish Army as a private. Laiho deserted and moved to a clandestine hideaway near Turku, where he worked actively as a spy for the Soviet Union and as an aide for other deserters.

Capture, trial and execution

See also: Capital punishment in Finland

Laiho was caught in early 1944 and sentenced to death by military court for desertion, espionage and high treason. He was shot by military police firing squad on 2 September 1944 in Oulu, two days before the armistice. Although the Finnish Military Code mandated a death penalty for espionage and treason, it is likely Laiho's communist background ultimately influenced his sentence.

Laiho was the last Finn to be executed in Finland, and the last Finn to be executed for a military crime. A group of three Soviet infiltrators were shot on the following day for espionage. The armistice on 4 September 1944 put in place a moratorium on any further executions. In 1945, all death sentences were commuted to life imprisonment.

The death penalty for military crimes was abolished in Finland in 1972.

References

  1. Penkkala-Arikka, Päivi (2006) Erään Mauno Olavin tarina. Olavi Laiho, viimeinen teloitettu suomalainen . (Master's thesis) University of Helsinki
  2. Kulomaa, Jukka and Nieminen, Jarmo: Teloitettu totuus – kesä 1944. (Executeced Truth – Summer 1944) Ajatus Kirjat, Helsinki, 2008. ISBN 978-9512077724
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