Misplaced Pages

Timeline of asexual history: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 19:21, 11 May 2023 editRote1234 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users585 editsNo edit summaryTags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile web edit← Previous edit Latest revision as of 05:52, 29 September 2024 edit undoRodRabelo7 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Page movers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers112,925 editsm {{LGBT sidebar}} → {{LGBTQ sidebar}} 
(35 intermediate revisions by 23 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see ] -->
{{short description|Timeline article}}
{{Cleanup|reason=Numerous non-] per ]; ].|date=January 2021}} {{Cleanup|reason=Numerous non-] per ]; ].|date=January 2021}}
{{LGBT sidebar}} {{LGBTQ sidebar}}
{{Asexuality topics sidebar}} {{Asexuality topics sidebar}}
This is a '''timeline of asexual history''' worldwide. The briefness of this timeline can be attributed to the fact that acceptance of ] as a sexual orientation and field of ] is still relatively new.<ref name="Helm"/><ref name="Prause"/><ref name="SexualOrientation"/> This is a '''timeline of asexual history''' worldwide. The briefness of this timeline can be attributed to the fact that acceptance of ] as a sexual orientation and field of ] is still relatively new.<ref name="Helm"/><ref name="Prause"/><ref name="SexualOrientation"/>


Several of these events refer to historical essays and studies on ]. While the modern discussion of asexuality focuses on lack of ], rather than ] or ], the ] and ] has only recently started making said distinction.<ref name="Timeline"/> Some researchers have found asexual resonances in the writings of 17th-century French poet ].<ref name="Waters 2020">{{cite web | last=Waters | first=Michael | title=Asexuality Is Often Dismissed as an “Internet Identity.” But in Reality, “Aces” Existed Well Before They Could Log On. | website=Slate Magazine | date=2020-03-06 | url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2020/03/asexuality-history-internet-identity-queer-archive.html | access-date=2023-05-11}}</ref> Several of these events refer to historical essays and studies on ]. While the modern discussion of asexuality focuses on lack of ], rather than ] or ], the ] and ] has only recently started making said distinction.<ref name="Timeline"/>


==19th century== ==19th century==
===1860s=== ===1860s===
*1869: ], in the same pamphlets arguing against Prussian ] where he coined the terms "homosexual" and "heterosexual", also used the word "monosexuals" to refer to people who only ].<ref name="Kertbeny"/> *1869: ], in the same pamphlets arguing against Prussian ] where he coined the terms "homosexual" and "heterosexual", also used the word "monosexuals" to refer to people who only ].<ref name="Kertbeny"/>
===1880s===
*1884: American sexologist ] published ''Sexual Impotence in the Male'', where he wrote about two male patients he had consulted as early as 1860 who appeared physically healthy yet did not experience sexual desire. He referred to this condition as "original absence of all sexual desire." In 1887, Hammond also published the cases of two women who experienced no sexual desire without perceptible cause.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Paramo |first=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tzLPEAAAQBAJ |title=Ending the Pursuit: Asexuality, Aromanticism and Agender Identity |date=2024-02-08 |publisher=Unbound Publishing |isbn=978-1-80018-286-8 |pages=109–110 |language=en}}</ref>


===1890s=== ===1890s===
Line 23: Line 25:
===1920s=== ===1920s===


*1922: Jennie June, an American author on sexual and gender nonconformity, wrote "The Female Impersonators." In it, June describes people known as "anaphrodites," people who do not experience sexual attraction. Says June: "their minds are devoid of hero-worship and they shudder violently at the very thought of any kind of association grounded on sex differences. Their anaphroditism is either an after-effect of an illness in childhood or congenital." June also mentions that "Sir Isaac Newton and Immanuel Kant appear to have been anaphrodites."<ref name="TheFemale"/> *1922: Jennie June, an American author on sexual and gender nonconformity, wrote "The Female Impersonators." In it, June describes people known as "anaphrodites," people who do not experience sexual attraction. Says June: "their minds are devoid of hero-worship and they shudder violently at the very thought of any kind of association grounded on sex differences. Their anaphroditism is either an after-effect of an illness in childhood or congenital." June also mentions that "] and ] appear to have been anaphrodites."<ref name="TheFemale"/>


===1940s=== ===1940s===
Line 36: Line 38:


===1970s=== ===1970s===
*1972: Lisa Orlando, on behalf of the Asexual Caucus of the New York Radical Feminists, published ''The Asexual Manifesto'', describing an asexual person as someone "relating sexually to no one" and asexuality a philosophy in which sex is rejected unless it is both "congruent with our values and totally incidental and unimportant to our relationships". The article further outlines particular harmful myths associated with the importance of sex in relationships, broadly aligned with the concepts of ] and compulsory sexuality.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Orlando |first=Lisa |date=1972 |title=The Asexual Manifesto |url=https://acearchive.lgbt/artifact/orlando-the-asexual-manifesto/}}</ref> *1972: Lisa Orlando, on behalf of the Asexual Caucus of the New York Radical Feminists, published ''The Asexual Manifesto'', describing an asexual person as someone "relating sexually to no one" and asexuality a philosophy in which sex is rejected unless it is both "congruent with our values and totally incidental and unimportant to our relationships". The article further outlines particular harmful myths associated with the importance of sex in relationships, broadly aligned with the concepts of ] and compulsory sexuality.<ref>{{cite web |last=Orlando |first=Lisa |date=1972 |title=The Asexual Manifesto |url=https://acearchive.lgbt/artifact/orlando-the-asexual-manifesto/}}</ref>
*1973: Activists at ] were pictured to include "asexual" on a board advocating to "choose your own label" and had their picture featured in February/March 1973 edition of '']''.<ref name="OOB1" /> The picture was intended to be released in the previous article which described asexuality to be "an orientation that regards a partner as nonessential to sex, and sex as nonessential to a satisfying relationship."<ref name="OOB2" /> *1973: Activists at ] were pictured to include "asexual" on a board advocating to "choose your own label" and had their picture featured in February/March 1973 edition of '']''.<ref name="OOB1" /> The picture was intended to be released in the previous article which described asexuality to be "an orientation that regards a partner as nonessential to sex, and sex as nonessential to a satisfying relationship."<ref name="OOB2" />
*1974: Singer and composer ] discussed asexuality in '']'' in the article "David Bowie in conversation on sexuality with ].<ref name="Bowie"/> *1974: Singer and composer ] discussed asexuality in '']'' in the article "David Bowie in conversation on sexuality with ].<ref name="Bowie"/>
Line 43: Line 45:


===1980s=== ===1980s===
*1980: Publication of the ], which was the first version of the ] to include a disorder relating to low sexual desire.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singer Kaplan |first=Helen |date=2013-06-17 |title=Sexual Desire Disorders |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203777480 |doi=10.4324/9780203777480|isbn=9781134864225 }}</ref> This category was initially called Inhibited Sexual Desire (ISD) and later subdivided into ] and Sexual Aversion Disorder (SAD) in the revision published in 1987 (DSM-III-R), the former relating to a lack of interest in sex and the latter a phobic avoidance. *1980: Publication of the ], which was the first version of the ] to include a disorder relating to low sexual desire.<ref>{{cite book |last=Singer Kaplan |first=Helen |date=2013-06-17 |title=Sexual Desire Disorders |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203777480 |doi=10.4324/9780203777480|isbn=9781134864225 }}</ref> This category was initially called Inhibited Sexual Desire (ISD) and later subdivided into ] and Sexual Aversion Disorder (SAD) in the revision published in 1987 (DSM-III-R), the former relating to a lack of interest in sex and the latter a phobic avoidance.
*1983: The first study that gave empirical data about asexuals was published in 1983 by Paula Nurius, concerning the relationship between sexual orientation and mental health. The study used a variant of Kinsey's model, and scored participants according to sexual behaviour and desire for it.<ref name="RuspiniMilks" /> *1983: The first study that gave empirical data about asexuals was published in 1983 by Paula Nurius, concerning the relationship between sexual orientation and mental health. The study used a variant of Kinsey's model, and scored participants according to sexual behaviour and desire for it.<ref name="RuspiniMilks" />
*1989: American talk show host ] interviewed Toby (alias of ]), a then self-described androgynous and nonsexual person.<ref name="Toby"/> *1989: American talk show host ] interviewed Toby (alias of ]), a then self-described androgynous and nonsexual person.<ref name="Toby"/>
Line 73: Line 75:
*2014: ], a ], launched a ] called "Indian Aces" for ]n asexuals.<ref name="Singh1" /> *2014: ], a ], launched a ] called "Indian Aces" for ]n asexuals.<ref name="Singh1" />
*2015: George Norman became Britain's first openly asexual ] candidate.<ref name="George" /> *2015: George Norman became Britain's first openly asexual ] candidate.<ref name="George" />
*2015: Dr. Pragati Singh launched ''Platonicity'', an asexual ]. ''Platonicity'' utilized Google Forms, in which users would enter their information, and Singh would ] manually. Sign closed ''Platonicity'' in 2016, after being overwhelmed with the amount of data.<ref name="Singh2" /> *2015: Dr. Pragati Singh launched ''Platonicity'', an asexual ]. ''Platonicity'' utilized Google Forms, in which users would enter their information, and Singh would ] manually. Singh closed ''Platonicity'' in 2016, after being overwhelmed with the amount of data.<ref name="Singh2" />
*2016: Joe Parrish became the United States's first openly asexual ] candidate.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Morgan|first=Joe|date=February 5, 2016|title=Meet the first US politician to come out as asexual|url=https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/first-asexual-politician/|access-date=July 25, 2020|website=Gay Star News|language=en-GB}}</ref> *2016: Joe Parrish became the United States's first openly asexual ] candidate.<ref>{{cite web|last=Morgan|first=Joe|date=February 5, 2016|title=Meet the first US politician to come out as asexual|url=https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/first-asexual-politician/|access-date=July 25, 2020|website=Gay Star News|language=en-GB}}</ref>
*2016: The ] '']'' is launched, created by ] to publish the poetry, artwork, and personal and academic essays of asexual, aromantic, and ] people.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last= |first= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BQ-ZEAAAQBAJ&dq=azejournal&pg=PA252 |title=Ace and Aro Journeys: A Guide to Embracing Your Asexual or Aromantic Identity |date=2023-04-21 |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |isbn=978-1-83997-639-1 |pages=252–53 |language=en |quote=AZE Journal is an online publication of agender, aromantic, and asexual people's creative expressions, including visual art, poetry, essays...}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last=Montenegro Marquez |first=Janeth |date=Spring 2022 |title=Asexual Latina/o/x Representation in AZE |url=https://feralfeminisms.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/02-FF-ISSUE10.2-Montenegro-Marquez.pdf |journal=Feral Feminisms |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=13–15}}</ref>
*2017: Nabil Allal and A'laa Yasin launched the "Asexuality in Arabic" social media groups.<ref name="Arabic" /> *2017: Nabil Allal and A'laa Yasin launched the "Asexuality in Arabic" social media groups.<ref name="Arabic" />
*2017: The ] "]" is launched, hosted by Sarah Costello and Kayla Kaszyca.<ref name="AcePod" /> Costello "identifies as ] ]", while Kaszyca identifies as "] and ]".<ref name="AcePod" /> *2017: The ] "]" is launched, hosted by Sarah Costello and Kayla Kaszyca.<ref name="AcePod" /> Costello "identifies as ] ]", while Kaszyca identifies as "] and ]".<ref name="AcePod" />
*2018: An episode of the series ''The Sex Map of Britain'' on ] was dedicated to asexuality, entitled ''I Don't Want Sex''.<ref name="SMoB" /> *2018: An episode of the series ''The Sex Map of Britain'' on ] was dedicated to asexuality, entitled ''I Don't Want Sex''.<ref name="SMoB" />
*2019: Then 18-year-old Emi Salida, a British YouTuber who identifies as asexual, appeared in a ] documentary on asexuality, alongside ].<ref name="EmiSky1" /><ref name="EmiSky2" /><ref name="EmiSky3" /> *2019: Then 18-year-old Emi Salida, a British YouTuber who identifies as asexual, appeared in a ] documentary on asexuality.<ref name="EmiSky1" /><ref name="EmiSky2" /><ref name="EmiSky3" />
*2019: British ] '']'' featured its first asexual character when ], played by actress ], came out as asexual.<ref name="Emmerdale" /> *2019: British ] '']'' featured its first asexual character when ], played by actress ], came out as asexual.<ref name="Emmerdale" />
*2019: ] author Elizabeth Hopkinson, a romantic asexual, began rewriting classic fairy tales with asexual twists.<ref name="Hopkinson" /> *2019: ] author Elizabeth Hopkinson, a romantic asexual, began rewriting classic fairy tales with asexual twists.<ref name="Hopkinson" />
*2019: ] hosted the first asexual-themed bar at ] in 2019.<ref name="Yasmin" />
*2019: In an issue of '']'' titled "The Activists", ] became the first openly asexual woman to appear on the cover of a UK magazine.<ref name="Attitude1" /><ref name="Attitude2" /> *2019: In an issue of '']'' titled "The Activists", ] became the first openly asexual woman to appear on the cover of a UK magazine.<ref name="Attitude1" /><ref name="Attitude2" />
*2019: ] became the first ] to recognize Asexual Awareness Week, which it did through a ceremonial proclamation signed by governor ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seattleacesandaros.org/2019/10/20/asexual-awareness-week-in-washington/|title=Washington Becomes First State to Recognize Asexual Awareness Week!|date=October 20, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seattleacesandaros.org/2019/10/23/more-pictures-of-the-ace-week-proclamation-in-washington/|title=More pictures of the Ace Week proclamation in Washington!|date=October 24, 2019}}</ref> *2019: ] became the first ] to recognize Asexual Awareness Week, which it did through a ceremonial proclamation signed by governor ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seattleacesandaros.org/2019/10/20/asexual-awareness-week-in-washington/|title=Washington Becomes First State to Recognize Asexual Awareness Week!|date=October 20, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seattleacesandaros.org/2019/10/23/more-pictures-of-the-ace-week-proclamation-in-washington/|title=More pictures of the Ace Week proclamation in Washington!|date=October 24, 2019}}</ref>


===2020s=== ===2020s===
]’s message recognizing April 6, 2024 as Asexuality Day.]]
*2020: Jaymee Mak (an allosexual woman), wrote, produced, and co-starred in the ] ''It's Not You. It's Not Me.'', which was inspired by her relationship with an asexual man.<ref name="Mak1"/><ref name="Mak2"/><ref name="Mak3"/> *2020: Jaymee Mak (an allosexual woman), wrote, produced, and co-starred in the ] ''It's Not You. It's Not Me.'', which was inspired by her relationship with an asexual man.<ref name="Mak1"/><ref name="Mak2"/><ref name="Mak3"/>
*2020: ], an ace-spec ], became the founding executive director of the Ace and Aro Alliance of Central Ohio, which is Ohio's first ] organization.<ref>{{cite news |last=Galek |first=Lisa |date=December 16, 2020 |title=Ace and Aro Alliance of Central Ohio Creates Awareness and Offers Support & Advocacy |work=The Buckeye Flame |location= |url=https://thebuckeyeflame.com/2020/12/16/ace-aro/ |access-date=September 26, 2023 }}</ref>
*2020: The first Virtual Asexual Pride took place from June 17 until June 30, hosted by Jaymie Doyle.<ref name="Irish1"/><ref name="Irish2"/> The Virtual Asexual Pride was hosted online via social media due to the ] and is intended to continue Asexual Pride for Ireland and Northern Ireland virtually.<ref name="Irish1"/><ref name="Irish2"/>
* 2020: The first Virtual Asexual Pride took place from June 17 until June 30, hosted by Jaymie Doyle. The Virtual Asexual Pride was hosted online via social media due to the ] and was intended to continue Asexual Pride for Ireland and Northern Ireland virtually.
*2023: The world's first real '''Asexual Pride Parade''' was held in Budapest, Hungary on 15 April 2023. About 160 people participated in the march. (Organized by the Hungarian Asexual Community group.)<ref>'''' (] Youtube csatorna, 2023.04.15.)</ref>
* 2022: YouTuber Jaiden Animations comes out as aromantic and asexual in her video: "Being Not Straight". Her animation reached over 20 million views and is currently the most viewed video on ] about ] and ].<ref>{{Citation |title=Being Not Straight |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qF1DTK4U1AM |access-date=2023-11-02 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=YouTuber Jaiden Animations Comes Out As Aroace, Here's What That Means |url=https://www.pride.com/comingout/2022/3/21/youtuber-jaiden-animations-comes-out-aroace-heres-what-means |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=www.pride.com |language=en}}</ref>
* 2023: The world's first in-person Asexual Pride Parade was held in Budapest, Hungary on 15 April 2023. About 160 people participated in the march. (Organized by the Hungarian Asexual Community group.)<ref>'''' (] Youtube csatorna, 2023.04.15.)</ref>
* 2023: ] became the first openly asexual ] for ].<ref>Desouza, Danielle (June 1, 2023) Retrieved February 8, 2024.</ref><ref>Songbird, Tyger (October 10, 2023) Retrieved February 8, 2024. </ref>
* 2024: Pennsylvania governor ] issued a message recognizing April 6, 2024 as Asexuality Day.


==References== ==References==
{{reflist|30em|refs= {{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="Helm">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3K9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA32|title=Hooking Up: The Psychology of Sex and Dating|author=Katherine M. Helm|publisher=]|year=2015|isbn=978-1610699518|page=32|access-date=January 4, 2017}}</ref> <ref name="Helm">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3K9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA32|title=Hooking Up: The Psychology of Sex and Dating|author=Katherine M. Helm|publisher=]|year=2015|isbn=978-1610699518|page=32|access-date=January 4, 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Prause">{{cite journal|last1=Prause|first1=Nicole|last2=Graham|first2=Cynthia A.|date=August 2004|url=https://kinseyinstitute.org/pdf/PrauseGraham-Asexuality.pdf|title=Asexuality: Classification and Characterization|journal=]|volume=36|pages=341–356|access-date=April 14, 2020|doi=10.1007/s10508-006-9142-3|pmid=17345167|issue=3|s2cid=12034925}}</ref> <ref name="Prause">{{cite journal|last1=Prause|first1=Nicole|last2=Graham|first2=Cynthia A.|date=August 2004|url=https://kinseyinstitute.org/pdf/PrauseGraham-Asexuality.pdf|title=Asexuality: Classification and Characterization|journal=]|volume=36|pages=341–356|access-date=April 14, 2020|doi=10.1007/s10508-006-9142-3|pmid=17345167|issue=3|s2cid=12034925}}</ref>

<ref name="SexualOrientation">{{cite journal|last=Melby|first=Todd|date=November 2005|title=Asexuality gets more attention, but is it a sexual orientation?|url=http://juliesondradecker.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CSNov2005.pdf|journal=Contemporary Sexuality|volume=39|issue=11|pages=1, 4–5|issn=1094-5725|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="SexualOrientation">{{cite journal|last=Melby|first=Todd|date=November 2005|title=Asexuality gets more attention, but is it a sexual orientation?|url=http://juliesondradecker.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CSNov2005.pdf|journal=Contemporary Sexuality|volume=39|issue=11|pages=1, 4–5|issn=1094-5725|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Timeline">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Asexuality isn't celibacy or abstinence. Here's what it is — and isn't|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/20/us/asexuality-explainer-trnd/index.html|date=October 20, 2019|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Timeline">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Asexuality isn't celibacy or abstinence. Here's what it is — and isn't|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/20/us/asexuality-explainer-trnd/index.html|date=October 20, 2019|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Kertbeny">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IH2GCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA122|title=Peripheral Desires: The German Discovery of Sex|chapter-format=PDF|date=2015|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|chapter=4|page=122|isbn=9780812291865}}</ref> <ref name="Kertbeny">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IH2GCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA122|title=Peripheral Desires: The German Discovery of Sex|chapter-format=PDF|date=2015|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|chapter=4|page=122|isbn=9780812291865}}</ref>

<ref name="Hirschfeld">{{Cite web|url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2020/03/asexuality-history-internet-identity-queer-archive.html|title=Finding Asexuality in the Archives|date=March 6, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020|work=]|publisher=]/]|last=Waters|first=Michael}}</ref>
<ref name="Hirschfeld">{{cite web|url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2020/03/asexuality-history-internet-identity-queer-archive.html|title=Finding Asexuality in the Archives|date=March 6, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020|work=]|publisher=]/]|last=Waters|first=Michael}}</ref>

<ref name="Leidinger">{{cite book|title=Transgressionen – Streifzüge durch Leben und Werk von Emma Trosse (1863-1949)|last=Leidinger|first=Christiane|date=2013|publisher=Männerschwarm Verlag GmbH}}</ref> <ref name="Leidinger">{{cite book|title=Transgressionen – Streifzüge durch Leben und Werk von Emma Trosse (1863-1949)|last=Leidinger|first=Christiane|date=2013|publisher=Männerschwarm Verlag GmbH}}</ref>

<ref name="OutHistory">{{cite web|url=https://outhistory.org/exhibits/show/schlegel/item/4584|title=Presbyterian Minutes|work=OutHistory|access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> <ref name="OutHistory">{{cite web|url=https://outhistory.org/exhibits/show/schlegel/item/4584|title=Presbyterian Minutes|work=OutHistory|access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref>

<ref name="TheFemale">{{cite book|title=The Female Impersonator|last=Lind|first=Earl|date=1922|publisher=The Medico-Legal Journal}}</ref> <ref name="TheFemale">{{cite book|title=The Female Impersonator|last=Lind|first=Earl|date=1922|publisher=The Medico-Legal Journal}}</ref>

<ref name="KinseyScale">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kinseyinstitute.org/research/publications/kinsey-scale.php|title=The Kinsey Scale|date=1948|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|last=Kinsey|first=Alfred}}</ref>
<ref name="KinseyMale">{{cite book|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/book/42035|title=Sexual Behavior in the Human Male|last1=Kinsey|first1=Alfred C.|last2=Pomeroy|first2=Wardell B.|last3=Martin|first3=Clyde E.|date=1948|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|isbn=9780253019233 }}</ref> <ref name="KinseyScale">{{cite web|url=https://www.kinseyinstitute.org/research/publications/kinsey-scale.php|title=The Kinsey Scale|date=1948|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|last=Kinsey|first=Alfred}}</ref>

<ref name="KinseyFemale1">{{cite book|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/book/42036|title=Sexual Behavior in the Human Female|last1=Kinsey|first1=Alfred C.|last2=Pomeroy|first2=Wardell B.|last3=Martin|first3=Clyde E.|last4=Gebhard|first4=Paul H.|date=1953|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|isbn=9780253019240 }}</ref>
<ref name="KinseyFemale2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.universityaffairs.ca/features/feature-article/asexuals-the-group-that-kinsey-forgot/|title=Asexuals, the group that Kinsey forgot|work=University Affairs|date=January 9, 2013|access-date=April 14, 2020|last=MacKay|first=Brad}}</ref> <ref name="KinseyMale">{{cite book|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/book/42035|title=Sexual Behavior in the Human Male|last1=Kinsey|first1=Alfred C.|last2=Pomeroy|first2=Wardell B.|last3=Martin|first3=Clyde E.|date=1948|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|isbn=9780253019233}}</ref>

<ref name="KinseyFemale1">{{cite book|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/book/42036|title=Sexual Behavior in the Human Female|last1=Kinsey|first1=Alfred C.|last2=Pomeroy|first2=Wardell B.|last3=Martin|first3=Clyde E.|last4=Gebhard|first4=Paul H.|date=1953|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]|isbn=9780253019240}}</ref>

<ref name="KinseyFemale2">{{cite web|url=https://www.universityaffairs.ca/features/feature-article/asexuals-the-group-that-kinsey-forgot/|title=Asexuals, the group that Kinsey forgot|work=University Affairs|date=January 9, 2013|access-date=April 14, 2020|last=MacKay|first=Brad}}</ref>

<ref name="LaVey">{{cite web|url=https://www.churchofsatan.com/asexuality-and-satanism|title=Asexuality and Satanism by Reverend Byrd|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]}}</ref> <ref name="LaVey">{{cite web|url=https://www.churchofsatan.com/asexuality-and-satanism|title=Asexuality and Satanism by Reverend Byrd|access-date=April 14, 2020|publisher=]}}</ref>

<ref name="OOB1">{{cite journal|title=Late Copy|journal=Off Our Backs|volume=3|issue=6|page=7|jstor=25783532|last1=Rennie|first1=Susan|date=February–March 1973}}</ref> <ref name="OOB1">{{cite journal|title=Late Copy|journal=Off Our Backs|volume=3|issue=6|page=7|jstor=25783532|last1=Rennie|first1=Susan|date=February–March 1973}}</ref>

<ref name="OOB2">{{cite journal|title=Your Own Label|journal=Off Our Backs|volume=3|issue=5|pages=6|jstor=25771710|last1=Chapman|first1=Frances|date=January 1973}}</ref> <ref name="OOB2">{{cite journal|title=Your Own Label|journal=Off Our Backs|volume=3|issue=5|pages=6|jstor=25771710|last1=Chapman|first1=Frances|date=January 1973}}</ref>

<ref name="Bowie">{{cite magazine|magazine=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=Beat Godfather Meets Glitter Mainman: William Burroughs Interviews David Bowie|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/beat-godfather-meets-glitter-mainman-william-burroughs-interviews-david-bowie-92508/|date=February 28, 1974|access-date=April 14, 2020|last1=Burroughs|first1=William|last2=Copetas|first2=Craig}}</ref> <ref name="Bowie">{{cite magazine|magazine=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=Beat Godfather Meets Glitter Mainman: William Burroughs Interviews David Bowie|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/beat-godfather-meets-glitter-mainman-william-burroughs-interviews-david-bowie-92508/|date=February 28, 1974|access-date=April 14, 2020|last1=Burroughs|first1=William|last2=Copetas|first2=Craig}}</ref>

<ref name="Myra">{{Cite book|title=Asexual and Autoerotic Women: Two Invisible Groups|last=Johnson|first=Myra T.|date=1977|work=The Sexually Oppressed|publisher=Association Press|location=]|others=Gochros, Harvey L., Gochros, Jean S.|isbn=978-0809619153|chapter=7|pages=96–107|oclc=2543043}}</ref>
<ref name="Myra">{{cite book|title=Asexual and Autoerotic Women: Two Invisible Groups. The Sexually Oppressed|last=Johnson|first=Myra T.|date=1977|publisher=Association Press|location=]|others=Gochros, Harvey L., Gochros, Jean S.|isbn=978-0809619153|chapter=7|pages=96–107|oclc=2543043}}</ref>
<ref name="CerankowskiMilks">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XbgTAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT113|title=On the Racialization of Asexuality|last=Owens|first=Ianna Hawkins|work=Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives|publisher=]|year=2014|isbn=978-1-134-69253-8|page=113|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Storms1979">{{Cite book|last=Storms|first=Michael D.|chapter=Sexual Orientation and Self-Perception|date=1979|pages=165–180|editor-last=Pliner|editor-first=Patricia|series=Advances in the Study of Communication and Affect|publisher=]|doi=10.1007/978-1-4684-3548-1_7|isbn=9781468435481|editor2-last=Blankstein|editor2-first=Kirk R.|editor3-last=Spigel|editor3-first=Irwin M.|title=Perception of Emotion in Self and Others}}</ref>
<ref name="CerankowskiMilks">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XbgTAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT113|title=On the Racialization of Asexuality. Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives|last=Owens|first=Ianna Hawkins|publisher=]|year=2014|isbn=978-1-134-69253-8|page=113|access-date=September 27, 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="Storms1980">{{Cite journal|url=http://www.williamapercy.com/images/Theories_of_sexual_orientation.pdf|last1=Storms|first1=Michael D.|year=1980|access-date=April 14, 2020|title=Theories of Sexual Orientation|journal=]|volume=38|issue=5|pages=783–792|doi=10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.783}}</ref>

<ref name="Storms1979">{{cite book|last=Storms|first=Michael D.|chapter=Sexual Orientation and Self-Perception|date=1979|pages=165–180|editor-last=Pliner|editor-first=Patricia|series=Advances in the Study of Communication and Affect|publisher=]|doi=10.1007/978-1-4684-3548-1_7|isbn=9781468435481|editor2-last=Blankstein|editor2-first=Kirk R.|editor3-last=Spigel|editor3-first=Irwin M.|title=Perception of Emotion in Self and Others}}</ref>

<ref name="Storms1980">{{cite journal|url=http://www.williamapercy.com/images/Theories_of_sexual_orientation.pdf|last1=Storms|first1=Michael D.|year=1980|access-date=April 14, 2020|title=Theories of Sexual Orientation|journal=]|volume=38|issue=5|pages=783–792|doi=10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.783}}</ref>

<ref name="RuspiniMilks">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AjMbAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA35|title=Diversity in Family Life|publisher=]|last1=Ruspini|first1=Elisabetta|last2=Milks|first2=Megan|year=2013|access-date=January 4, 2017|pages=35–36|isbn=978-1447300939}}</ref> <ref name="RuspiniMilks">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AjMbAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA35|title=Diversity in Family Life|publisher=]|last1=Ruspini|first1=Elisabetta|last2=Milks|first2=Megan|year=2013|access-date=January 4, 2017|pages=35–36|isbn=978-1447300939}}</ref>

<ref name="Toby">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VeLOIxiG4c&list=PLb6InlHRpvBMFIHiXGhmEdPS29DE5Q58d|title=Toby: neuter, genderless person pt1|work=]/]|publisher=BetamaxBooty|date=1989|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Toby">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VeLOIxiG4c&list=PLb6InlHRpvBMFIHiXGhmEdPS29DE5Q58d|title=Toby: neuter, genderless person pt1|work=]/]|publisher=BetamaxBooty|date=1989|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Boston">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonmarriagesr00roth|title=Boston Marriages: Romantic but Asexual Relationships Among Contemporary Lesbians|publisher=]|last1=Rothblum|first1=Esther D.|last2=Brehony|first2=Kathleen A.|year=1993|access-date=April 14, 2020|pages=35–36|isbn=978-1447300939}}</ref> <ref name="Boston">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/bostonmarriagesr00roth|title=Boston Marriages: Romantic but Asexual Relationships Among Contemporary Lesbians|publisher=]|last1=Rothblum|first1=Esther D.|last2=Brehony|first2=Kathleen A.|year=1993|access-date=April 14, 2020|pages=35–36|isbn=978-1447300939}}</ref>

<ref name="Study1994">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Study: One in 100 adults asexual|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/10/14/asexual.study/|date=March 11, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Sinclair">{{Cite web|url=http://web.syr.edu:80/~jisincla/definitions.htm|title=Personal Definitions of Sexuality|last=Sinclair|first=Jim|date=1997|website=Jim Sinclair's Web Site|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206234438/http://web.syr.edu:80/~jisincla/definitions.htm|archive-date=February 6, 2009|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Study1994">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Study: One in 100 adults asexual|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/10/14/asexual.study/|date=March 11, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Amoeba1">{{Cite web|url=http://dispatches.azstarnet.com/zoe/amoeba.htm|title=My life as an amoeba|last=O'Reilly|first=Zoe|date=May 30, 1997|website=StarNet Dispatches|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030210212218/http://dispatches.azstarnet.com/zoe/amoeba.htm|archive-date=February 10, 2003|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Amoeba2">{{Cite web|url=http://dispatches.azstarnet.com:80/zoe/amoeba2.htm|title=Comments on My life as an amoeba|last=O'Reilly|first=Zoe|date=May 30, 1997|website=StarNet Dispatches|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020219193945/http://dispatches.azstarnet.com:80/zoe/amoeba2.htm|archive-date=February 19, 2002|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Sinclair">{{cite web|url=http://web.syr.edu:80/~jisincla/definitions.htm|title=Personal Definitions of Sexuality|last=Sinclair|first=Jim|date=1997|website=Jim Sinclair's Web Site|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206234438/http://web.syr.edu:80/~jisincla/definitions.htm|archive-date=February 6, 2009|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Amoeba1">{{cite web|url=http://dispatches.azstarnet.com/zoe/amoeba.htm|title=My life as an amoeba|last=O'Reilly|first=Zoe|date=May 30, 1997|website=StarNet Dispatches|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030210212218/http://dispatches.azstarnet.com/zoe/amoeba.htm|archive-date=February 10, 2003|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Amoeba2">{{cite web|url=http://dispatches.azstarnet.com:80/zoe/amoeba2.htm|title=Comments on My life as an amoeba|last=O'Reilly|first=Zoe|date=May 30, 1997|website=StarNet Dispatches|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020219193945/http://dispatches.azstarnet.com:80/zoe/amoeba2.htm|archive-date=February 19, 2002|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="SexAndSociety">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVDZchwkIMEC&pg=PA82|title=Sex and Society|editor=Marshall Cavendish|publisher=]|year=2010|access-date=April 14, 2020|volume=1|pages=82–83|isbn=978-0-7614-7906-2}}</ref> <ref name="SexAndSociety">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVDZchwkIMEC&pg=PA82|title=Sex and Society|editor=Marshall Cavendish|publisher=]|year=2010|access-date=April 14, 2020|volume=1|pages=82–83|isbn=978-0-7614-7906-2}}</ref>

<ref name="Swash">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/feb/26/among-the-asexuals|title=Among the asexuals|last=Swash|first=Rosie|date=February 25, 2012|access-date=April 14, 2020|newspaper=]}}</ref> <ref name="Swash">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2012/feb/26/among-the-asexuals|title=Among the asexuals|last=Swash|first=Rosie|date=February 25, 2012|access-date=April 14, 2020|newspaper=]}}</ref>

<ref name="SONDA">{{Cite web|url=http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?default_fld=&leg_video=&bn=A01971&term=2001&Summary=Y&Floor&nbspVotes=Y&Text=Y|title=New York State Assembly - A01971 Summary|website=]|date=January 17, 2001|access-date=April 15, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="SONDA">{{cite web|url=http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?default_fld=&leg_video=&bn=A01971&term=2001&Summary=Y&Floor&nbspVotes=Y&Text=Y|title=New York State Assembly - A01971 Summary|website=]|date=January 17, 2001|access-date=April 15, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Bogaert">{{Cite journal|title=Asexuality: prevalence and associated factors in a national probability sample|journal=Journal of Sex Research|last=Bogaert|first=Anthony F.|volume=41|issue=3|date=August 2004|pages=279–287|doi=10.1080/00224490409552235|jstor = 4423785|issn=0022-4499|pmid=15497056|s2cid=41057104}}</ref>

<ref name="NewScientist">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=New Scientist Ltd.|location=]|title=Feature: Glad to be asexual|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6533-feature-glad-to-be-asexual/|date=October 14, 2004|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Westphal|first=Sylvia Pagán}}</ref>
<ref name="Bogaert">{{cite journal|title=Asexuality: prevalence and associated factors in a national probability sample|journal=Journal of Sex Research|last=Bogaert|first=Anthony F.|volume=41|issue=3|date=August 2004|pages=279–287|doi=10.1080/00224490409552235|jstor = 4423785|issn=0022-4499|pmid=15497056|s2cid=41057104}}</ref>
<ref name="Discovery">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcCShWpnkVA|title=Discovery Channel - The Sex Files - "No Sex Please" (part 1) - 2004|work=The Sex Files/]|publisher=Asexual Media Archives|date=2004|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Ring">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=Iconic Labs|location=], ], ]|title=Here's a handy way to tell if someone you meet is asexual|url=https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/handy-way-tell-someone-asexual-ace-ring/|date=July 31, 2018|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Besanvalle|first=James}}</ref>
<ref name="SpongeBob">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=SpongeBob Asexual, Not Gay: Creator|url=https://people.com/celebrity/spongebob-asexual-not-gay-creator/|date=January 28, 2005|access-date=July 4, 2020|last=Silverman|first=Stephen M.}}</ref> <ref name="NewScientist">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=New Scientist Ltd.|location=]|title=Feature: Glad to be asexual|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6533-feature-glad-to-be-asexual/|date=October 14, 2004|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Westphal|first=Sylvia Pagán}}</ref>

<ref name="Jay1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kPfLYuQlL8|title=Asexuality on The View, Jan 15 2006|work=]/]|publisher=husongshu|date=January 15, 2006|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Jay2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iwxo6t7XBYs|title=Asexuality on Tucker Carlson, March 27 2006|work=]/]/]|publisher=husongshu|date=March 27, 2006|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Discovery">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcCShWpnkVA|title=Discovery Channel - The Sex Files - "No Sex Please" (part 1) - 2004|work=The Sex Files/]|publisher=Asexual Media Archives|date=2004|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="SFPride2009">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Gay Pride Parade sizzles in San Francisco|url=https://www.chron.com/news/article/Gay-Pride-Parade-sizzles-in-San-Francisco-3293697.php|date=June 29, 2009|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Bulwa|first=Demian}}</ref>
<ref name="Flag">{{Cite web|url=http://www.newnownext.com/guide-lgbt-flags/07/2017/|title=Beyond the Rainbow: Your Guide to LGBT Flags|work=]|publisher=], Inc.|date=July 10, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Manzella|first=Sam}}</ref> <ref name="Ring">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=Iconic Labs|location=], ], ]|title=Here's a handy way to tell if someone you meet is asexual|url=https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/handy-way-tell-someone-asexual-ace-ring/|date=July 31, 2018|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Besanvalle|first=James}}</ref>

<ref name="SpongeBob">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=SpongeBob Asexual, Not Gay: Creator|url=https://people.com/celebrity/spongebob-asexual-not-gay-creator/|date=January 28, 2005|access-date=July 4, 2020|last=Silverman|first=Stephen M.}}</ref>

<ref name="Jay1">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kPfLYuQlL8|title=Asexuality on The View, Jan 15 2006|work=]/]|publisher=husongshu|date=January 15, 2006|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Jay2">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iwxo6t7XBYs|title=Asexuality on Tucker Carlson, March 27 2006|work=]/]/]|publisher=husongshu|date=March 27, 2006|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="SFPride2009">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Gay Pride Parade sizzles in San Francisco|url=https://www.chron.com/news/article/Gay-Pride-Parade-sizzles-in-San-Francisco-3293697.php|date=June 29, 2009|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Bulwa|first=Demian}}</ref>

<ref name="Flag">{{cite web|url=http://www.newnownext.com/guide-lgbt-flags/07/2017/|title=Beyond the Rainbow: Your Guide to LGBT Flags|work=]|publisher=], Inc.|date=July 10, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2020|last=Manzella|first=Sam}}</ref>

<ref name="AceWeek1">{{cite web|url=https://aceweek.org/about/the-week|title=What is Ace Week?|website=AceWeek|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="AceWeek1">{{cite web|url=https://aceweek.org/about/the-week|title=What is Ace Week?|website=AceWeek|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Tarrant2015">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t6nwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT278|title=Gender, Sex, and Politics: In the Streets and Between the Sheets in the 21st Century|last1=Tarrant|first1=Shira|publisher=]|date=June 19, 2015|access-date=April 16, 2020|page=278|isbn=978-1-317-81475-7}}</ref> <ref name="Tarrant2015">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t6nwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT278|title=Gender, Sex, and Politics: In the Streets and Between the Sheets in the 21st Century|last1=Tarrant|first1=Shira|publisher=]|date=June 19, 2015|access-date=April 16, 2020|page=278|isbn=978-1-317-81475-7}}</ref>

<ref name="DSM5">{{cite book|url=https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-encyclopedia-of-psychology-and-gender/i2347.xml|title=The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender|publisher=]|last1=Deutsch|first1=Tamara|editor=Kevin L. Nadal|year=2017|doi=10.4135/9781483384269 |isbn=9781483384283 |access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="DSM5">{{cite book|url=https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-encyclopedia-of-psychology-and-gender/i2347.xml|title=The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender|publisher=]|last1=Deutsch|first1=Tamara|editor=Kevin L. Nadal|year=2017|doi=10.4135/9781483384269 |isbn=9781483384283 |access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Singh1">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=Modern Media Company|location=], ]|title=The Love Doctor for Asexuals|url=https://www.ozy.com/the-new-and-the-next/the-love-doctor-for-asexuals/245599/|date=December 6, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="George">{{Cite news|work=YorkMix|publisher=YorkMix Media Ltd.|location=], ], ]|title=Britain's first openly asexual election candidate campaigns for change in York|url=https://www.yorkmix.com/britains-first-openly-asexual-election-candidate-campaigns-for-change-in-york/|date=May 5, 2015|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Gevertz|first=Jack}}</ref> <ref name="Singh1">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=Modern Media Company|location=], ]|title=The Love Doctor for Asexuals|url=https://www.ozy.com/the-new-and-the-next/the-love-doctor-for-asexuals/245599/|date=December 6, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Singh2">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=An Asexual Dating Platform Still Has Many Kinks to Sort Out|url=https://www.vice.com/en_in/article/kzxxmw/an-asexual-dating-platform-still-has-many-kinks-to-sort-out|date=July 8, 2018|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Muzaffar|first=Maroosha}}</ref>
<ref name="George">{{cite news|work=YorkMix|publisher=YorkMix Media Ltd.|location=], ], ]|title=Britain's first openly asexual election candidate campaigns for change in York|url=https://www.yorkmix.com/britains-first-openly-asexual-election-candidate-campaigns-for-change-in-york/|date=May 5, 2015|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Gevertz|first=Jack}}</ref>
<!-- <ref name="BoJack1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9NNNapsP-I|title=Todd comes out with Bojack - Bojack Horseman|work=]/]/Boxer vs. Raptor/]|publisher=No one cares|date=July 22, 2016|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="BoJack2">{{Cite news|work=The Dot and Line|publisher=John Maher/Eric Vilas-Boas|title='BoJack Horseman' Gives Us TV's First Out-and-Proud Asexual Icon...and he is magnificent.|url=https://dotandline.net/todd-chavez-asexual-bojack-horseman-season-4/|date=September 8, 2017|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Nickalls|first=Sammy}}</ref> -->
<ref name="Arabic">{{Cite news|work=Raseef 22|publisher=Raseef 22|title=Arab Asexuals: Challenges in Sex Crazed Societies|url=https://raseef22.com/article/1074426-arab-asexuals-challenges-in-sex-crazed-societies|date=September 4, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Mounir|first=Iman}}</ref> <ref name="Singh2">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=An Asexual Dating Platform Still Has Many Kinks to Sort Out|url=https://www.vice.com/en_in/article/kzxxmw/an-asexual-dating-platform-still-has-many-kinks-to-sort-out|date=July 8, 2018|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Muzaffar|first=Maroosha}}</ref>

<ref name="AcePod">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|title=These Podcasts Are Paving the Way for Aromantic and Asexual Representation|url=https://www.them.us/story/aromanticism-asexuality-podcasts|date=July 18, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Kim|first=Michelle}}</ref>
<!-- <ref name="BoJack1">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9NNNapsP-I|title=Todd comes out with Bojack - Bojack Horseman|work=]/]/Boxer vs. Raptor/]|publisher=No one cares|date=July 22, 2016|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="BoJack2">{{cite news|work=The Dot and Line|publisher=John Maher/Eric Vilas-Boas|title='BoJack Horseman' Gives Us TV's First Out-and-Proud Asexual Icon...and he is magnificent.|url=https://dotandline.net/todd-chavez-asexual-bojack-horseman-season-4/|date=September 8, 2017|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Nickalls|first=Sammy}}</ref> -->

<ref name="Arabic">{{cite news|work=Raseef 22|title=Arab Asexuals: Challenges in Sex Crazed Societies|url=https://raseef22.com/article/1074426-arab-asexuals-challenges-in-sex-crazed-societies|date=September 4, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Mounir|first=Iman}}</ref>

<ref name="AcePod">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|title=These Podcasts Are Paving the Way for Aromantic and Asexual Representation|url=https://www.them.us/story/aromanticism-asexuality-podcasts|date=July 18, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Kim|first=Michelle}}</ref>

<ref name="SMoB">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p06l1knq|title=Sex Map of Britain: I Don't Want Sex|date=September 16, 2018|access-date=April 15, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="SMoB">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p06l1knq|title=Sex Map of Britain: I Don't Want Sex|date=September 16, 2018|access-date=April 15, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="EmiSky1">{{Cite news|work=TenEighty Magazine|publisher=TenEighty Digital Ltd.|location=]|title=Emi Salida Stars in Sky News Asexuality Documentary|url=https://teneightymagazine.com/2019/02/05/emi-salida-stars-in-sky-news-asexuality-documentary/|date=February 5, 2019|access-date=April 17, 2020|last=Jefferies|first=Beth}}</ref>
<ref name="EmiSky2">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]/]|location=Grant Way, ], ], ]|title='Nothing about asexuality is abnormal' - teenager speaks out|url=https://news.sky.com/story/nothing-about-asexuality-is-abnormal-teenager-speaks-out-11626722|date=February 5, 2019|access-date=April 17, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="EmiSky1">{{cite news|work=TenEighty Magazine|publisher=TenEighty Digital Ltd.|location=]|title=Emi Salida Stars in Sky News Asexuality Documentary|url=https://teneightymagazine.com/2019/02/05/emi-salida-stars-in-sky-news-asexuality-documentary/|date=February 5, 2019|access-date=April 17, 2020|last=Jefferies|first=Beth}}</ref>

<ref name="EmiSky3">{{Cite news|work=TenEighty Magazine|publisher=TenEighty Digital Ltd.|location=]|title=Channel Spotlight: Embly99|url=https://teneightymagazine.com/2018/05/31/channel-spotlight-embly99/|date=May 31, 2018|access-date=April 17, 2020|last=Fang|first=Dennis}}</ref>
<ref name="Emmerdale">{{Cite news|work=The Dot and Line|publisher=]|location=], ], ], ], ]|title=Emmerdale's Liv is asexual and her story will help people like me understand ourselves|url=https://metro.co.uk/2019/02/15/emmerdales-liv-is-asexual-and-her-story-will-help-people-like-me-understand-ourselves-8579726/|date=February 15, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Skinner|first=Sam}}</ref> <ref name="EmiSky2">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]/]|location=Grant Way, ], ], ]|title='Nothing about asexuality is abnormal' - teenager speaks out|url=https://news.sky.com/story/nothing-about-asexuality-is-abnormal-teenager-speaks-out-11626722|date=February 5, 2019|access-date=April 17, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Hopkinson">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ] and ], ], ], ]|title=Bradford author's asexual rewrite of classic stories|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-england-leeds-47498028/bradford-author-s-asexual-rewrite-of-classic-stories|date=March 11, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Yasmin">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=Iconic Labs|location=], ], ]|title=This asexual model is launching London's first asexual club for Pride|url=https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/london-ace-of-clubs-asexual-pride/#gs.5z6j2x|date=June 23, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Sarrubba|first=Stefania}}</ref> <ref name="EmiSky3">{{cite news|work=TenEighty Magazine|publisher=TenEighty Digital Ltd.|location=]|title=Channel Spotlight: Embly99|url=https://teneightymagazine.com/2018/05/31/channel-spotlight-embly99/|date=May 31, 2018|access-date=April 17, 2020|last=Fang|first=Dennis}}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="AOK">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aokpod.com/e/title-1561564140/|title=1: Power in Talking About It|work=A OK|publisher=Courtney Lang/Podbean|date=June 28, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> -->
<ref name="Emmerdale">{{cite news|work=The Dot and Line|publisher=]|location=], ], ], ], ]|title=Emmerdale's Liv is asexual and her story will help people like me understand ourselves|url=https://metro.co.uk/2019/02/15/emmerdales-liv-is-asexual-and-her-story-will-help-people-like-me-understand-ourselves-8579726/|date=February 15, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Skinner|first=Sam}}</ref>

<ref name="Hopkinson">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ] and ], ], ], ]|title=Bradford author's asexual rewrite of classic stories|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-england-leeds-47498028/bradford-author-s-asexual-rewrite-of-classic-stories|date=March 11, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="Yasmin">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=Iconic Labs|location=], ], ]|title=This asexual model is launching London's first asexual club for Pride|url=https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/london-ace-of-clubs-asexual-pride/#gs.5z6j2x|date=June 23, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Sarrubba|first=Stefania}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="AOK">{{cite web|url=https://www.aokpod.com/e/title-1561564140/|title=1: Power in Talking About It|work=A OK|publisher=Courtney Lang/Podbean|date=June 28, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="Przybylo">{{cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337089696|title=Asexual Erotics: Intimate Readings of Compulsory Sexuality|publisher=]|last1=Przybylo|first1=Ela|date=August 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|isbn=978-0-8142-5542-1}}</ref> --> <!-- <ref name="Przybylo">{{cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337089696|title=Asexual Erotics: Intimate Readings of Compulsory Sexuality|publisher=]|last1=Przybylo|first1=Ela|date=August 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|isbn=978-0-8142-5542-1}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="AceBerkeley1">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=Independent Berkeley Students Publishing Company, Inc.|location=], ]|title=Asexual Awareness Week promotes education, understanding|url=https://www.dailycal.org/2019/10/23/asexual-awareness-week-promotes-education-understanding/|date=October 23, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Swift|first=Robson}}</ref> -->
<!-- <ref name="AceBerkeley2">{{Cite news|work=Gia Magazine|publisher=An Independent Student Group at the University of California at Berkeley|location=], ]|title=Ace Awareness Week|url=https://giamag.berkeley.edu/2019/11/07/ace-awareness-week/|date=November 7, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last1=Jackson|first1=Desmarie|last2=Sim|first2=Emily|last3=Gabi|first3=Backus}}</ref> --> <!-- <ref name="AceBerkeley1">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=Independent Berkeley Students Publishing Company, Inc.|location=], ]|title=Asexual Awareness Week promotes education, understanding|url=https://www.dailycal.org/2019/10/23/asexual-awareness-week-promotes-education-understanding/|date=October 23, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Swift|first=Robson}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="Parvati">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=The Personal Story Behind Parvati, the Surprise Star of 'The Outer Worlds'|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/3kxm43/the-personal-story-behind-parvati-the-surprise-star-of-the-outer-worlds|date=November 13, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Klepek|first=Patrick}}</ref> -->
<ref name="Attitude1">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title="Attitude" Becomes First UK Magazine Featuring an asexual Woman on Cover|url=https://southfloridagaynews.com/Lifestyle/attitude-becomes-first-uk-magazine-featuring-an-asexual-woman-on-cover.html|date=December 12, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Boatner|first=Cameren}}</ref> <!-- <ref name="AceBerkeley2">{{cite news|work=Gia Magazine|publisher=An Independent Student Group at the University of California at Berkeley|location=], ]|title=Ace Awareness Week|url=https://giamag.berkeley.edu/2019/11/07/ace-awareness-week/|date=November 7, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last1=Jackson|first1=Desmarie|last2=Sim|first2=Emily|last3=Gabi|first3=Backus}}</ref> -->

<ref name="Attitude2">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=Independent Digital News & Media Ltd.|location=], ], ], ], ]|title=Attitude becomes first magazine to put an asexual woman on the cover|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/attitude-magazine-asexual-woman-cover-star-a9235836.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/attitude-magazine-asexual-woman-cover-star-a9235836.html |archive-date=2022-05-07 |url-status=live|date=December 6, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Gallagher|first=Sophie}}</ref>
<!-- <ref name="Florence1">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ], ], ]|title=Sex Education is the first show to get this important aspect of queerness right|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/ustv/a30612262/sex-education-asexual-queer-florence-lgbtq/|date=January 22, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Moore|first=Sam}}</ref> --> <!-- <ref name="Parvati">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=]|title=The Personal Story Behind Parvati, the Surprise Star of 'The Outer Worlds'|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/3kxm43/the-personal-story-behind-parvati-the-surprise-star-of-the-outer-worlds|date=November 13, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Klepek|first=Patrick}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="Florence2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10939187/|title=Mirren Mack - IMDb|work=]|publisher=]|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> -->
<ref name="Mak1">{{Cite news|work=Cold Tea Collective|publisher=Cold Tea Collective Media|location=], ], ]|title=What I learned after being in a relationship with an asexual person|url=https://coldteacollective.com/what-i-learned-after-being-in-a-relationship-with-an-asexual-person/|date=March 16, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Mak|first=Jaymee}}</ref> <ref name="Attitude1">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title="Attitude" Becomes First UK Magazine Featuring an asexual Woman on Cover|url=https://southfloridagaynews.com/Lifestyle/attitude-becomes-first-uk-magazine-featuring-an-asexual-woman-on-cover.html|date=December 12, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Boatner|first=Cameren}}</ref>

<ref name="Mak2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqhgnfFi_e8|title=It's Not You, It's Not Me. (Asexual Short Film)|work=Jaymee Mak|publisher=Jaymee Mak|date=March 9, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Attitude2">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=Independent Digital News & Media Ltd.|location=], ], ], ], ]|title=Attitude becomes first magazine to put an asexual woman on the cover|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/attitude-magazine-asexual-woman-cover-star-a9235836.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/attitude-magazine-asexual-woman-cover-star-a9235836.html |archive-date=2022-05-07 |url-status=live|date=December 6, 2019|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Gallagher|first=Sophie}}</ref>
<ref name="Mak3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm8272389/|title=Jaymee Mak - IMDb|work=]|publisher=]|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="Peridot">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=Valnet, Inc.|location=], ], ]|title=Steven Universe: A Crystal Gem Is Confirmed As Asexual|url=https://www.cbr.com/steven-universe-crystal-gem-confirmed-asexual-peridot/|date=March 14, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Baron|first=Reuben}}</ref> -->
<!-- <ref name="Jha">{{Cite news|work=ShowBox Channel|publisher=IN10 Media|location=], ], ], ], ]|title=Sriti Jha Recites 'I Am Asexual' Poem at a Fest|url=https://www.showboxchannel.com/sriti-jha-recites-i-am-asexual-poem-at-a-fest/|date=March 23, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> --> <!-- <ref name="Florence1">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ], ], ]|title=Sex Education is the first show to get this important aspect of queerness right|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/ustv/a30612262/sex-education-asexual-queer-florence-lgbtq/|date=January 22, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Moore|first=Sam}}</ref> -->

<ref name="Irish1">{{Cite web|url=https://facebook.com/events/s/asexual-virtual-pride-with-eve/650970375633432/?ti=icl|title=Asexual Virtual Pride|work=Jaymee Mak|publisher=Jaymie O'Leary Doyle/Facebook|access-date=June 18, 2020}}</ref>
<!-- <ref name="Florence2">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10939187/|title=Mirren Mack - IMDb|work=]|publisher=]|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> -->
<ref name="Irish2">{{Cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Virtual Asexual Pride to take place|url=https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/people/virtual-asexual-pride-take-place-2896631|date=June 26, 2020|access-date=June 27, 2020}}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="Riordan">{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rickriordan/status/1279105476949573633|title=*Tyrant's Tomb spoiler*...|publisher=Rick Riordan (@rickriordan)/Twitter|date=July 3, 2020|access-date=July 4, 2020}}</ref> -->
<ref name="Mak1">{{cite news|work=Cold Tea Collective|publisher=Cold Tea Collective Media|location=], ], ]|title=What I learned after being in a relationship with an asexual person|url=https://coldteacollective.com/what-i-learned-after-being-in-a-relationship-with-an-asexual-person/|date=March 16, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Mak|first=Jaymee}}</ref>

<ref name="Mak2">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqhgnfFi_e8|title=It's Not You, It's Not Me. (Asexual Short Film)|work=Jaymee Mak|date=March 9, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Mak3">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm8272389/|title=Jaymee Mak - IMDb|work=]|publisher=]|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="Peridot">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=Valnet, Inc.|location=], ], ]|title=Steven Universe: A Crystal Gem Is Confirmed As Asexual|url=https://www.cbr.com/steven-universe-crystal-gem-confirmed-asexual-peridot/|date=March 14, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020|last=Baron|first=Reuben}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="Jha">{{cite news|work=ShowBox Channel|publisher=IN10 Media|location=], ], ], ], ]|title=Sriti Jha Recites 'I Am Asexual' Poem at a Fest|url=https://www.showboxchannel.com/sriti-jha-recites-i-am-asexual-poem-at-a-fest/|date=March 23, 2020|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="Irish1">{{cite web|url=https://facebook.com/events/s/asexual-virtual-pride-with-eve/650970375633432/?ti=icl|title=Asexual Virtual Pride|work=Jaymee Mak|publisher=Jaymie O'Leary Doyle/Facebook|access-date=June 18, 2020}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="Irish2">{{cite news|work=]|publisher=]|location=], ]|title=Virtual Asexual Pride to take place|url=https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/people/virtual-asexual-pride-take-place-2896631|date=June 26, 2020|access-date=June 27, 2020}}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name="Riordan">{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rickriordan/status/1279105476949573633|title=*Tyrant's Tomb spoiler*...|publisher=Rick Riordan (@rickriordan)/Twitter|date=July 3, 2020|access-date=July 4, 2020}}</ref> -->

}} }}


Line 172: Line 254:


] ]
] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 05:52, 29 September 2024

This article may require cleanup to meet Misplaced Pages's quality standards. The specific problem is: Numerous non-RELIABLE SOURCES per Cite Unseen; POV. Please help improve this article if you can. (January 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Part of a series on
LGBTQ topics
      
Sexual orientation and gender
History
General
Identities
Culture
Rights
Health
Social attitudes
Issues
Academic fields and discourse
LGBTQ portal
Part of a series on
Asexuality topics
    
Related topics
In society
Studies
Attitudes and discrimination
Asexual community
Lists
Portals

This is a timeline of asexual history worldwide. The briefness of this timeline can be attributed to the fact that acceptance of asexuality as a sexual orientation and field of scientific research is still relatively new.

Several of these events refer to historical essays and studies on sexual behaviour. While the modern discussion of asexuality focuses on lack of sexual attraction, rather than celibacy or sexual abstinence, the research on human sexuality and sexual orientation has only recently started making said distinction.

19th century

1860s

  • 1869: Karl-Maria Kertbeny, in the same pamphlets arguing against Prussian sodomy law where he coined the terms "homosexual" and "heterosexual", also used the word "monosexuals" to refer to people who only masturbate.

1880s

  • 1884: American sexologist William Alexander Hammond published Sexual Impotence in the Male, where he wrote about two male patients he had consulted as early as 1860 who appeared physically healthy yet did not experience sexual desire. He referred to this condition as "original absence of all sexual desire." In 1887, Hammond also published the cases of two women who experienced no sexual desire without perceptible cause.

1890s

  • 1896: German sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld wrote the pamphlet Sappho und Sokrates, which mentions people without any sexual desire and links them to the concept of "anesthesia sexual".
  • 1897: German sexual reformist Emma Trosse gave the first definition of asexuality in her work Ein Weib? Psychologisch-biographische: Studie über eine Konträrsexuelle (A woman? Psychological-biographical study of a contrary-sexual) under the term Sinnlichkeitslosigkeit (Asensuality) and counted herself as such, stating "Verfasser hat den Mut, sich zu jener Kategorie zu bekennen (Author has the courage to admit to this category)."

20th century

1900s

  • 1907: Reverend Carl Schlegel, a German immigrant living in New Orleans, was found guilty by the city Presbytery on charges of "homosexualism, Sodomy, or Uranism." Schlegel was quoted as advocating for "the same laws" for "homosexuals, heterosexuals, bisexuals asexuals."

1920s

  • 1922: Jennie June, an American author on sexual and gender nonconformity, wrote "The Female Impersonators." In it, June describes people known as "anaphrodites," people who do not experience sexual attraction. Says June: "their minds are devoid of hero-worship and they shudder violently at the very thought of any kind of association grounded on sex differences. Their anaphroditism is either an after-effect of an illness in childhood or congenital." June also mentions that "Sir Isaac Newton and Immanuel Kant appear to have been anaphrodites."

1940s

  • 1948: The Kinsey Scale included the category "X" for males who reported no socio-sexual contacts or reactions; according to the research, 1.5% of adult male subjects fell into this category.

1950s

  • 1953: The Kinsey Scale included the category "X" for females who reported no socio-sexual contacts or reactions; according to the research, 19% of female interviewees fell into this category.

1960s

  • 1969: Anton Szandor LaVey in his book The Satanic Bible referenced asexuals and asexuality, stating that "Satanism condones any type of sexual activity which properly satisfies your individual desires – be it heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, or even asexual".

1970s

  • 1972: Lisa Orlando, on behalf of the Asexual Caucus of the New York Radical Feminists, published The Asexual Manifesto, describing an asexual person as someone "relating sexually to no one" and asexuality a philosophy in which sex is rejected unless it is both "congruent with our values and totally incidental and unimportant to our relationships". The article further outlines particular harmful myths associated with the importance of sex in relationships, broadly aligned with the concepts of amatonormativity and compulsory sexuality.
  • 1973: Activists at Barnard College were pictured to include "asexual" on a board advocating to "choose your own label" and had their picture featured in February/March 1973 edition of Off Our Backs. The picture was intended to be released in the previous article which described asexuality to be "an orientation that regards a partner as nonessential to sex, and sex as nonessential to a satisfying relationship."
  • 1974: Singer and composer David Bowie discussed asexuality in Rolling Stone in the article "David Bowie in conversation on sexuality with William S. Burroughs.
  • 1977: Myra Johnson wrote one of the first academic papers about asexuality as part of the book The Sexually Oppressed. She described "asexuality" as a complete lack of sexual desire, while those who do experience sexual desire but have no wish to satisfy it with others were labeled as "autoerotic". Johnson focused on the problems experiences by such women, who she felt were often ignored by the sexual revolution and feminist movements of the time.
  • 1979: In a study published in Advances in the Study of Affect, Michael D. Storms reimagined the Kinsey Scale as a two-dimensional map which included asexuality, defined as exhibiting little to no homo-eroticism nor hetero-eroticism. This type of scale accounted for asexuality for the first time. Storms conjectured that many researchers following Kinsey's model could be mis-categorizing asexual subjects as bisexual, because both were simply defined by a lack of preference for gender in sexual partners.

1980s

  • 1980: Publication of the DSM-III, which was the first version of the DSM to include a disorder relating to low sexual desire. This category was initially called Inhibited Sexual Desire (ISD) and later subdivided into Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) and Sexual Aversion Disorder (SAD) in the revision published in 1987 (DSM-III-R), the former relating to a lack of interest in sex and the latter a phobic avoidance.
  • 1983: The first study that gave empirical data about asexuals was published in 1983 by Paula Nurius, concerning the relationship between sexual orientation and mental health. The study used a variant of Kinsey's model, and scored participants according to sexual behaviour and desire for it.
  • 1989: American talk show host Sally Jesse Raphael interviewed Toby (alias of Jim Sinclair), a then self-described androgynous and nonsexual person.

1990s

  • 1993: The book Boston Marriages: Romantic but Asexual Relationships Among Contemporary Lesbians by Esther D. Rothblum and Kathleen A. Brehony was released.
  • 1994: Anthony Bogaert, conducted a study published in The Journal of Sex Research that concluded that 1 in 100 persons identified as asexual.
  • 1997: Activist Jim Sinclair posted in their website the essay Personal Definitions of Sexuality, originally written in response to a class assignment in 1987, where they defined themself as asexual.
  • 1997: Zoe O'Reilly published the article My life as an amoeba in the StarNet Dispatches webzine, a first-person exploration of asexuality that sparked responses through the late 90s and early 2000s by people who identified with it.

21st century

2000s

  • 2001: David Jay founded the Asexual Visibility and Education Network (AVEN), which became the most prolific and well-known of the various asexual communities that started to form since the advent of the World Wide Web and social media.
  • 2002: New York passed the Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act, which was the first, and is currently the only piece of legislation that mentions asexuality in the world.
  • 2004: Psychologist Anthony F. Bogaert published "Asexuality: prevalence and associated factors in a national probability sample" in the Journal of Sex Research. According to this paper, 1% of a 1994 British probability sample indicated feeling no attraction for males nor females.
  • 2004: The New Scientist dedicated an issue to asexuality in response to Bogaert's paper.
  • 2004: Discovery dedicated an episode of The Sex Files to asexuality.
  • 2005: A common symbol for the asexual community is a black ring worn on the middle finger of the right hand. The material and exact design of the ring are not important as long as it is primarily black. This symbol started on AVEN in 2005.
  • 2005: Stephen Hillenburg revealed that SpongeBob SquarePants is asexual.
  • 2006: In January, David Jay appeared on ABC's The View and later in March of that year, he appeared on MSNBC's Tucker program, hosted by Tucker Carlson. On both programs he discussed asexuality.
  • 2009: AVEN members participated in the first asexual entry into an American pride parade when they walked in the San Francisco Pride Parade.

2010s

The asexual pride flag was introduced in 2010, containing four horizontal stripes of black, gray, white, and purple
  • 2010: The asexual pride flag was introduced to the public. The asexual pride flag consists of four horizontal stripes: black, grey, white, and purple from top to bottom.
  • 2010: Asexual Awareness Week, now called Ace Week, was founded by Sara Beth Brooks in 2010. It occurs in the later half of October, and was created to both celebrate asexual, aromantic, demisexual, and grey-asexual pride and promote awareness.
  • 2012: The first International Asexual Conference was held at the 2012 World Pride in London.
  • 2013: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition changed the diagnosis of hypoactive sexual desire disorder conditions to include an exception for people who self-identify as asexual.
  • 2014: Dr. Pragati Singh, a gray asexual, launched a Facebook Group called "Indian Aces" for Indian asexuals.
  • 2015: George Norman became Britain's first openly asexual local election candidate.
  • 2015: Dr. Pragati Singh launched Platonicity, an asexual dating platform. Platonicity utilized Google Forms, in which users would enter their information, and Singh would match respondents manually. Singh closed Platonicity in 2016, after being overwhelmed with the amount of data.
  • 2016: Joe Parrish became the United States's first openly asexual state election candidate.
  • 2016: The literary journal Aze is launched, created by Michael Paramo to publish the poetry, artwork, and personal and academic essays of asexual, aromantic, and agender people.
  • 2017: Nabil Allal and A'laa Yasin launched the "Asexuality in Arabic" social media groups.
  • 2017: The podcast "Sounds Fake But Okay" is launched, hosted by Sarah Costello and Kayla Kaszyca. Costello "identifies as aro ace", while Kaszyca identifies as "demisexual and straight".
  • 2018: An episode of the series The Sex Map of Britain on BBC Three was dedicated to asexuality, entitled I Don't Want Sex.
  • 2019: Then 18-year-old Emi Salida, a British YouTuber who identifies as asexual, appeared in a Sky News documentary on asexuality.
  • 2019: British soap opera Emmerdale featured its first asexual character when Liv Flaherty, played by actress Isobel Steele, came out as asexual.
  • 2019: Bradford, England author Elizabeth Hopkinson, a romantic asexual, began rewriting classic fairy tales with asexual twists.
  • 2019: In an issue of Attitude titled "The Activists", Yasmin Benoit became the first openly asexual woman to appear on the cover of a UK magazine.
  • 2019: Washington became the first U.S. state to recognize Asexual Awareness Week, which it did through a ceremonial proclamation signed by governor Jay Inslee.

2020s

Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro’s message recognizing April 6, 2024 as Asexuality Day.
  • 2020: Jaymee Mak (an allosexual woman), wrote, produced, and co-starred in the short film It's Not You. It's Not Me., which was inspired by her relationship with an asexual man.
  • 2020: Rhea Debussy, an ace-spec transgender rights activist, became the founding executive director of the Ace and Aro Alliance of Central Ohio, which is Ohio's first asexual organization.
  • 2020: The first Virtual Asexual Pride took place from June 17 until June 30, hosted by Jaymie Doyle. The Virtual Asexual Pride was hosted online via social media due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was intended to continue Asexual Pride for Ireland and Northern Ireland virtually.
  • 2022: YouTuber Jaiden Animations comes out as aromantic and asexual in her video: "Being Not Straight". Her animation reached over 20 million views and is currently the most viewed video on YouTube about asexuality and aromanticism.
  • 2023: The world's first in-person Asexual Pride Parade was held in Budapest, Hungary on 15 April 2023. About 160 people participated in the march. (Organized by the Hungarian Asexual Community group.)
  • 2023: Yasmin Benoit became the first openly asexual grand marshal for NYC Pride.
  • 2024: Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro issued a message recognizing April 6, 2024 as Asexuality Day.

References

  1. Katherine M. Helm (2015). Hooking Up: The Psychology of Sex and Dating. ABC-CLIO. p. 32. ISBN 978-1610699518. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  2. Prause, Nicole; Graham, Cynthia A. (August 2004). "Asexuality: Classification and Characterization" (PDF). Archives of Sexual Behavior. 36 (3): 341–356. doi:10.1007/s10508-006-9142-3. PMID 17345167. S2CID 12034925. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  3. Melby, Todd (November 2005). "Asexuality gets more attention, but is it a sexual orientation?" (PDF). Contemporary Sexuality. 39 (11): 1, 4–5. ISSN 1094-5725. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  4. "Asexuality isn't celibacy or abstinence. Here's what it is — and isn't". CNN. Atlanta, Georgia: WarnerMedia. October 20, 2019. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  5. "4" (PDF). Peripheral Desires: The German Discovery of Sex. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2015. p. 122. ISBN 9780812291865. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  6. Paramo, Michael (2024-02-08). Ending the Pursuit: Asexuality, Aromanticism and Agender Identity. Unbound Publishing. pp. 109–110. ISBN 978-1-80018-286-8.
  7. Waters, Michael (March 6, 2020). "Finding Asexuality in the Archives". Slate. The Slate Group/Graham Holdings. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  8. Leidinger, Christiane (2013). Transgressionen – Streifzüge durch Leben und Werk von Emma Trosse (1863-1949). Männerschwarm Verlag GmbH.
  9. "Presbyterian Minutes". OutHistory. Retrieved March 31, 2022.
  10. Lind, Earl (1922). The Female Impersonator. The Medico-Legal Journal.
  11. ^ Kinsey, Alfred (1948). "The Kinsey Scale". Kinsey Institute. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  12. Kinsey, Alfred C.; Pomeroy, Wardell B.; Martin, Clyde E. (1948). Sexual Behavior in the Human Male. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253019233. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  13. Kinsey, Alfred C.; Pomeroy, Wardell B.; Martin, Clyde E.; Gebhard, Paul H. (1953). Sexual Behavior in the Human Female. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253019240. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  14. MacKay, Brad (January 9, 2013). "Asexuals, the group that Kinsey forgot". University Affairs. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  15. "Asexuality and Satanism by Reverend Byrd". Church of Satan. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  16. Orlando, Lisa (1972). "The Asexual Manifesto".
  17. Rennie, Susan (February–March 1973). "Late Copy". Off Our Backs. 3 (6): 7. JSTOR 25783532.
  18. Chapman, Frances (January 1973). "Your Own Label". Off Our Backs. 3 (5): 6. JSTOR 25771710.
  19. Burroughs, William; Copetas, Craig (February 28, 1974). "Beat Godfather Meets Glitter Mainman: William Burroughs Interviews David Bowie". Rolling Stone. New York City: Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  20. ^ Johnson, Myra T. (1977). "7". Asexual and Autoerotic Women: Two Invisible Groups. The Sexually Oppressed. Gochros, Harvey L., Gochros, Jean S. New York City: Association Press. pp. 96–107. ISBN 978-0809619153. OCLC 2543043.
  21. Owens, Ianna Hawkins (2014). On the Racialization of Asexuality. Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives. Routledge. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-134-69253-8. Retrieved September 27, 2023.
  22. Storms, Michael D. (1979). "Sexual Orientation and Self-Perception". In Pliner, Patricia; Blankstein, Kirk R.; Spigel, Irwin M. (eds.). Perception of Emotion in Self and Others. Advances in the Study of Communication and Affect. Springer Nature. pp. 165–180. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3548-1_7. ISBN 9781468435481.
  23. Storms, Michael D. (1980). "Theories of Sexual Orientation" (PDF). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 38 (5): 783–792. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.783. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  24. Singer Kaplan, Helen (2013-06-17). Sexual Desire Disorders. doi:10.4324/9780203777480. ISBN 9781134864225.
  25. Ruspini, Elisabetta; Milks, Megan (2013). Diversity in Family Life. Policy Press. pp. 35–36. ISBN 978-1447300939. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  26. "Toby: neuter, genderless person pt1". The Sally Jessy Raphael Show/Multimedia Entertainment. BetamaxBooty. 1989. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  27. Rothblum, Esther D.; Brehony, Kathleen A. (1993). Boston Marriages: Romantic but Asexual Relationships Among Contemporary Lesbians. University of Massachusetts Press. pp. 35–36. ISBN 978-1447300939. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  28. "Study: One in 100 adults asexual". CNN. Atlanta, Georgia: WarnerMedia. March 11, 2019. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  29. Sinclair, Jim (1997). "Personal Definitions of Sexuality". Jim Sinclair's Web Site. Archived from the original on February 6, 2009. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  30. O'Reilly, Zoe (May 30, 1997). "My life as an amoeba". StarNet Dispatches. Archived from the original on February 10, 2003. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  31. O'Reilly, Zoe (May 30, 1997). "Comments on My life as an amoeba". StarNet Dispatches. Archived from the original on February 19, 2002. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  32. Marshall Cavendish, ed. (2010). Sex and Society. Vol. 1. Fraser and Neave. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-0-7614-7906-2. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  33. Swash, Rosie (February 25, 2012). "Among the asexuals". The Guardian. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  34. "New York State Assembly - A01971 Summary". New York State Assembly. January 17, 2001. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  35. Bogaert, Anthony F. (August 2004). "Asexuality: prevalence and associated factors in a national probability sample". Journal of Sex Research. 41 (3): 279–287. doi:10.1080/00224490409552235. ISSN 0022-4499. JSTOR 4423785. PMID 15497056. S2CID 41057104.
  36. Westphal, Sylvia Pagán (October 14, 2004). "Feature: Glad to be asexual". New Scientist. United Kingdom: New Scientist Ltd. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  37. "Discovery Channel - The Sex Files - "No Sex Please" (part 1) - 2004". The Sex Files/Discovery Channel. Asexual Media Archives. 2004. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  38. ^ Besanvalle, James (July 31, 2018). "Here's a handy way to tell if someone you meet is asexual". Gay Star News. London, England, United Kingdom: Iconic Labs. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  39. Silverman, Stephen M. (January 28, 2005). "SpongeBob Asexual, Not Gay: Creator". People. United States: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  40. "Asexuality on The View, Jan 15 2006". Lincoln Square Productions/American Broadcasting Company. husongshu. January 15, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  41. "Asexuality on Tucker Carlson, March 27 2006". MSNBC/NBC News/National Broadcasting Company. husongshu. March 27, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  42. Bulwa, Demian (June 29, 2009). "Gay Pride Parade sizzles in San Francisco". Houston Chronicle. Houston, Texas: Hearst Communications. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  43. ^ Manzella, Sam (July 10, 2017). "Beyond the Rainbow: Your Guide to LGBT Flags". NewNowNext. Viacom International, Inc. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  44. ^ "What is Ace Week?". AceWeek. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  45. Tarrant, Shira (June 19, 2015). Gender, Sex, and Politics: In the Streets and Between the Sheets in the 21st Century. Taylor & Francis. p. 278. ISBN 978-1-317-81475-7. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  46. Deutsch, Tamara (2017). Kevin L. Nadal (ed.). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender. SAGE Publishing. doi:10.4135/9781483384269. ISBN 9781483384283. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  47. "The Love Doctor for Asexuals". OZY. Mountain View, California: Modern Media Company. December 6, 2019. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  48. Gevertz, Jack (May 5, 2015). "Britain's first openly asexual election candidate campaigns for change in York". YorkMix. York, England, United Kingdom: YorkMix Media Ltd. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  49. Muzaffar, Maroosha (July 8, 2018). "An Asexual Dating Platform Still Has Many Kinks to Sort Out". Vice News. New York City: Vice Media. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  50. Morgan, Joe (February 5, 2016). "Meet the first US politician to come out as asexual". Gay Star News. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  51. Ace and Aro Journeys: A Guide to Embracing Your Asexual or Aromantic Identity. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. 2023-04-21. pp. 252–53. ISBN 978-1-83997-639-1. AZE Journal is an online publication of agender, aromantic, and asexual people's creative expressions, including visual art, poetry, essays...
  52. Montenegro Marquez, Janeth (Spring 2022). "Asexual Latina/o/x Representation in AZE" (PDF). Feral Feminisms. 10 (2): 13–15.
  53. Mounir, Iman (September 4, 2019). "Arab Asexuals: Challenges in Sex Crazed Societies". Raseef 22. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  54. ^ Kim, Michelle (July 18, 2019). "These Podcasts Are Paving the Way for Aromantic and Asexual Representation". Them. Condé Nast. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  55. "Sex Map of Britain: I Don't Want Sex". September 16, 2018. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  56. Jefferies, Beth (February 5, 2019). "Emi Salida Stars in Sky News Asexuality Documentary". TenEighty Magazine. United Kingdom: TenEighty Digital Ltd. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  57. "'Nothing about asexuality is abnormal' - teenager speaks out". Sky News. Grant Way, Isleworth, England, United Kingdom: Sky Group/Comcast. February 5, 2019. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  58. Fang, Dennis (May 31, 2018). "Channel Spotlight: Embly99". TenEighty Magazine. United Kingdom: TenEighty Digital Ltd. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  59. Skinner, Sam (February 15, 2019). "Emmerdale's Liv is asexual and her story will help people like me understand ourselves". The Dot and Line. Northcliffe House, Kensington, London, England, United Kingdom: DMG Media. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  60. "Bradford author's asexual rewrite of classic stories". BBC. Broadcasting House, Portland Place and Langham Place, London, England, United Kingdom: BBC. March 11, 2019. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  61. Boatner, Cameren (December 12, 2019). ""Attitude" Becomes First UK Magazine Featuring an asexual Woman on Cover". South Florida Gay News. Wilton Manors, Florida: Norm Kent. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  62. Gallagher, Sophie (December 6, 2019). "Attitude becomes first magazine to put an asexual woman on the cover". The Independent. Northcliffe House, Kensington, London, England, United Kingdom: Independent Digital News & Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 2022-05-07. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  63. "Washington Becomes First State to Recognize Asexual Awareness Week!". October 20, 2019.
  64. "More pictures of the Ace Week proclamation in Washington!". October 24, 2019.
  65. Mak, Jaymee (March 16, 2020). "What I learned after being in a relationship with an asexual person". Cold Tea Collective. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Cold Tea Collective Media. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  66. "It's Not You, It's Not Me. (Asexual Short Film)". Jaymee Mak. March 9, 2020. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  67. "Jaymee Mak - IMDb". IMDb. Amazon. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  68. Galek, Lisa (December 16, 2020). "Ace and Aro Alliance of Central Ohio Creates Awareness and Offers Support & Advocacy". The Buckeye Flame. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  69. Being Not Straight, retrieved 2023-11-02
  70. "YouTuber Jaiden Animations Comes Out As Aroace, Here's What That Means". www.pride.com. Retrieved 2023-11-02.
  71. Lengyel-Szabó Péter, Halász Júlia - Odajönnek hozzám azzal, hogy jaj, te szegény, téged még senki sem dugott meg (Telex.hu, Youtube csatorna, 2023.04.15.)
  72. Desouza, Danielle (June 1, 2023) Pride profile: I will be the first asexual grand marshal at NYC’s Pride March Retrieved February 8, 2024.
  73. Songbird, Tyger (October 10, 2023) Yasmin Benoit is NYC Pride’s first asexual grand marshal & she’s ready to change the status quo Retrieved February 8, 2024.
Asexuality
General
Community
History
Asexuals
People
In fiction
LGBTQ history
By regions
Africa
Asia
Europe
North America
Oceania
South America
Timelines
By period
Ethnic
Region
Religious
Topical
By topic
General
Homosexuality
Pre-modern
Gay men
Lesbians
Bisexuality
Transgender
Intersex
Cross-dressing
Related
Categories: