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{{Short description|British psychiatrist (1883–1972)}}
⚫ '''Ruth Frances Darwin''' ] (20 August 1883-15 October 1972)<ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry"/> was Commissioner of the ]<ref name="Who's Who" /> and an advocate of ].
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
⚫ | name = Ruth Darwin
| birth_date = 20 August 1883
| death_date = 15 October 1972
| nationality = British
| known_for = ] activism
| boards = ]
| spouse = {{marriage|]|1948}}
| parents = ]<br/>The Hon. ]
| family = ]
| awards = ] (1938)
}}{{Eugenics sidebar}}


⚫ '''Ruth Frances Darwin''' ] (20 August 1883 – 15 October 1972)<ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry"/> was Commissioner of the ]<ref name="Who's Who" /> and an advocate of ].
⚫ She was the middle child and elder daughter of ], through whom she was a granddaughter of the naturalist ] (she was born a year after Charles's death in 1882). Her mother, The Hon. ] (1854–1946), was the daughter of ]. Her younger sister ], later became Lady Barlow after marrying ], while her elder brother ] was killed during the ] in 1915<ref name="Erasmus Darwin CWGC"/>


== Career ==
She was appointed to the Board of Control, as an unpaid member, in 1921, replacing ]<ref name="Appointment">The Times, Tuesday, Apr 19, 1921; pg. 4; Issue 42698; col F</ref> Darwin was appointed to the Board of Control, as an unpaid member, in 1921, replacing ].<ref name="Appointment">''The Times'', Tuesday, 19 April 1921; pg. 4; Issue 42698; col F</ref> She retired from the Board of Control in 1949.<ref name="Retirement" />


In 1929, with money from the estate of her father who had died in 1928, she founded the Darwin Trust<ref>Not to be confused with the modern-day ]</ref> to foster research into "mental defect, disease or disorder".<ref name="Kevles1985" /> In 1929, with money from the estate of her father who had died in 1928, she founded the Darwin Trust<ref>Not to be confused with the modern-day ]</ref> to foster research into "mental defect, disease or disorder".<ref name="Kevles1985" />


In 1932 she was appointed to the ] (a ] chaired by ])<ref name="Brock Committee"/> that produced the ] that called for the ] of "]" In 1932 she was appointed to the ] (a ] chaired by ])<ref name="Brock Committee"/> that produced the ] that called for the ] of "]".


She was appointed a ] in 1938.<ref name="CBE" />
⚫ She was awarded the ] in 1938.<ref name="CBE" /> In 1948, she married the Welsh psychiatrist ], who was a colleague of hers on the ].<ref name="Rees-Thomas Who's Who"/> She retired from the Board of Control in 1949.<ref name="Retirement"/> She died in 1972, predeceasing her husband.<ref name="Death" />

== Family connections ==
⚫ Darwin was the middle child and elder daughter of ], through whom she was a granddaughter of the naturalist ] (she was born a year after Charles's death in 1882). Her mother, The Hon. ] (1854–1946), was the daughter of ]. Her younger sister ], later became Lady Barlow after marrying ], while her elder brother ] was killed during the ] in 1915.<ref name="Erasmus Darwin CWGC" />

⚫ In 1948, she married the Welsh psychiatrist ], who was a colleague of hers on the Board of Control.<ref name="Rees-Thomas Who's Who" /> She died in 1972, predeceasing her husband.<ref name="Death" />


== References == == References ==


<references> <references>
<ref name="Appointment">The Times, Tuesday, Apr 19, 1921; pg. 4; Issue 42698; col F</ref> <ref name="Brock Committee">House Of Commons '']'' Friday, 10 June 1932; pg. 7; Issue 46156; col B</ref>
<ref name="Brock Committee">House Of Commons '']'' Friday, Jun 10, 1932; pg. 7; Issue 46156; col B</ref>


<ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry">]: Darwin, formerly of Downe http://www.burkespeerage.com/FamilyHomepage.aspx?FID=3423</ref> <ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry">]: Darwin, formerly of Downe http://www.burkespeerage.com/FamilyHomepage.aspx?FID=3423</ref>
<ref name=CBE>http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34518/supplements/3697</ref> <ref name=CBE> ''The London Gazette''</ref>
<ref name=Death>Obituary: Mrs W. Rees-Thomas, The Times, Monday, Oct 16, 1972; pg. 14; Issue 58606; col F</ref> <ref name=Death>Obituary: Mrs W. Rees-Thomas, ''The Times'', Monday, 16 October 1972; pg. 14; Issue 58606; col F</ref>
<ref name="Erasmus Darwin CWGC">http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/1609108/DARWIN,%20ERASMUS</ref> <ref name="Erasmus Darwin CWGC">{{CWGC|id=1609108|name=Darwin, Erasmus|access-date=18 November 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="Kevles1985">Daniel J. Kevles "In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity"</ref> <ref name="Kevles1985">Daniel J. Kevles "In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity"</ref>
<ref name="Who's Who">‘DARWIN, Ruth Frances’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 </ref> <ref name="Who's Who">‘DARWIN, Ruth Frances’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 </ref>
<ref name="Rees-Thomas Who's Who">‘REES-THOMAS, William’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 </ref> <ref name="Rees-Thomas Who's Who">‘REES-THOMAS, William’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 </ref>
<ref name="Retirement">The Times, Thursday, Sep 15, 1949; pg. 7; Issue 51487; col D</ref> <ref name="Retirement">''The Times'', Thursday, 15 September 1949; pg. 7; Issue 51487; col D</ref>


</references> </references>


{{authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->

⚫ | NAME = Darwin, Ruth
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = British psychiatrist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1883
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 1972
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Darwin, Ruth}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Darwin, Ruth}}
] ]
] ]
]
]
] ]
] ]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 20:27, 18 November 2024

British psychiatrist (1883–1972)

Ruth Darwin
Born20 August 1883
Died15 October 1972
NationalityBritish
Known forEugenics activism
Board member ofBoard of Control for Lunacy and Mental Deficiency
Spouse William Rees-Thomas ​(m. 1948)​
Parent(s)Sir Horace Darwin
The Hon. Ida Farrer
FamilyDarwin–Wedgwood family
AwardsCBE (1938)
This article is part of a series on
Eugenics
Historical trajectory
Pre-war academic proponents
Post-war academic remnants
Pamphlets and manifestos
OrganizationsWithout significant post-war activity With significant post-war activity
Related

Ruth Frances Darwin CBE (20 August 1883 – 15 October 1972) was Commissioner of the Board of Control for Lunacy and Mental Deficiency and an advocate of eugenics.

Career

Darwin was appointed to the Board of Control, as an unpaid member, in 1921, replacing Ellen Pinsent. She retired from the Board of Control in 1949.

In 1929, with money from the estate of her father who had died in 1928, she founded the Darwin Trust to foster research into "mental defect, disease or disorder".

In 1932 she was appointed to the Brock Committee (a Parliamentary committee chaired by Sir Laurence Brock) that produced the Brock Report that called for the forced sterilisation of "mental defectives".

She was appointed a CBE in 1938.

Family connections

Darwin was the middle child and elder daughter of Sir Horace Darwin, through whom she was a granddaughter of the naturalist Charles Darwin (she was born a year after Charles's death in 1882). Her mother, The Hon. Ida Farrer (1854–1946), was the daughter of Thomas Farrer, 1st Baron Farrer. Her younger sister Nora, later became Lady Barlow after marrying Sir Alan Barlow, 2nd Baronet, while her elder brother Erasmus was killed during the Second Battle of Ypres in 1915.

In 1948, she married the Welsh psychiatrist William Rees-Thomas, who was a colleague of hers on the Board of Control. She died in 1972, predeceasing her husband.

References

  1. Burke's Landed Gentry: Darwin, formerly of Downe http://www.burkespeerage.com/FamilyHomepage.aspx?FID=3423
  2. ‘DARWIN, Ruth Frances’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 accessed 27 Dec 2012
  3. The Times, Tuesday, 19 April 1921; pg. 4; Issue 42698; col F
  4. The Times, Thursday, 15 September 1949; pg. 7; Issue 51487; col D
  5. Not to be confused with the modern-day Charles Darwin Trust
  6. Daniel J. Kevles "In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity"
  7. House Of Commons The Times Friday, 10 June 1932; pg. 7; Issue 46156; col B
  8. Issue 34518 The London Gazette
  9. "Casualty Details: Darwin, Erasmus". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  10. ‘REES-THOMAS, William’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 accessed 27 Dec 2012
  11. Obituary: Mrs W. Rees-Thomas, The Times, Monday, 16 October 1972; pg. 14; Issue 58606; col F
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