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{{short description|Star in the constellation Scorpius}} {{short description|Star in the constellation Scorpius}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Starbox begin {{Starbox begin
| name = G Scorpii | name = G Scorpii
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| constell = ] | constell = ]
| ra = {{RA|17|49|51.48081}}<ref name=aaa474_2_653/> | ra = {{RA|17|49|51.48081}}<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
| dec = {{DEC|&minus;37|02|35.8975}}<ref name=aaa474_2_653/> | dec = {{DEC|-37|02|35.8975}}<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
| appmag_v = 3.21<ref name=clpl4_99/> | appmag_v = 3.21<ref name=clpl4_99/>
}} }}
{{Starbox character {{Starbox character
| type = ]<ref name="kallinger2019" />
| class = K2&nbsp;III<ref name=aj132_1_161/> | class = K2&nbsp;III<ref name=aj132_1_161/>
| b-v = +1.17<ref name=clpl4_99/> | b-v = +1.17<ref name=clpl4_99/>
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{{Starbox detail {{Starbox detail
| source = <ref name=kallinger2019/> | source = <ref name=kallinger2019/>
| mass = {{val|1.2|0.2}}<ref name=kallinger2019/> | mass = {{val|1.2|0.2}}
| radius = {{val|20|1}}<ref name=kallinger2019/> | radius = {{val|20|1}}
| luminosity = {{val|93|4}}<ref name=kallinger2019/> | luminosity = {{val|93|4}}
| gravity = 2.2<ref name=kallinger2019/> | gravity = 2.2
| temperature = {{val|4,535|125|fmt=commas}}<ref name=kallinger2019/> | temperature = {{val|4,535|125|fmt=commas}}
| metal_fe = {{val|-0.20}}<ref name=charbonnel2020/> | metal_fe = {{val|-0.20}}<ref name=charbonnel2020/>
| rotational_velocity = <1.0<ref name=demedeiros2014/> | rotational_velocity = <1.0<ref name=demedeiros2014/>
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}} }}
{{Starbox catalog {{Starbox catalog
| names = Fuyue, ]&nbsp;Sco, ]–37°11907, ]&nbsp;669, ]&nbsp;161892, ]&nbsp;87261, ]&nbsp;6630, ]&nbsp;209318 | names = {{odlist | name=Fuyue | B=G&nbsp;Sco, γ&nbsp;Tel | CD–37°11907 | FK5=669 | HD=161892 | HIP=87261 | HR=6630 | SAO=209318 }}
}} }}
{{Starbox reference {{Starbox reference
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}} }}
{{Starbox end}} {{Starbox end}}
'''G Scorpii''' (abbreviated '''G Sco'''), also named '''Fuyue''', is a ] owned by Ryan Magee, co-host of the popular YouTube channel SuperMega, in the ] of ]. It has an ] of +3.19. It is approximately 126 ]s from the ]. '''G Scorpii''' (abbreviated '''G Sco'''), also named '''Fuyue''',<!--Please do not add the alternative name "Ryan Magee" without citing a reliable source that is independent from SuperMegaCast and verifies the content - https://en.wikipedia.org/Help:Referencing_for_beginners --> is a ] in the ] of ]. It has an ] of +3.19. It is approximately 126 ]s from the ].


== Nomenclature == == Nomenclature ==
] (west is towards bottom right)]] ]]]
''G Scorpii'' is the star's ]. It was formerly situated in the constellation of ] where it was designated ''γ&nbsp;Telescopii'', ] to ''Gamma Telescopii''.<ref name=ridpath/> It was resited in Scorpius and redesignated G Scorpii by ].<ref name=wagman/> ''G Scorpii'' is the star's ]. It was formerly situated in the constellation of ] where it was designated ''γ&nbsp;Telescopii'', ] to ''Gamma Telescopii''.<ref name="ridpath" /> It was resited in Scorpius and redesignated G Scorpii by ]. On 30 June 2017 it was included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.<ref name="IAU-LSN" />


⚫ G Scorpii bore the ] ''Fuyue'' ({{zh|s=傅说|t=傅說}}) in ancient ]. ] was a former slave that became a high-ranking minister to ] ruler ].
In 2016, the IAU organized a ] (WGSN)<ref name="WGSN"/> to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name ''Fuyue'' for this star on 30&nbsp;June 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.<ref name="IAU-LSN"/>

⚫ G Scorpii bore the ] ''Fuyue'' ({{zh|s=傅说|t=傅說}}）in ancient ]. ] was a former slave that became a high-ranking minister to ] ruler, ]. G Scorpii is a member of the ] mansion (尾宿, ]: Wěi Xiù), one of the ] of the ].{{cn|date=May 2020}}


== Properties == == Properties ==


G Scorpii is an orange ] ]. The measured ] is {{nowrap|3.94 ± 0.21 ]}}.<ref name=aaa431_773/> At the estimated distance of this system, this yields a physical size of about 16 times the ].<ref name=lang2006/> Calculations based on its physical properties give a diameter if about {{solar radius|20}}. With an ] of {{val|4,535|fmt=commas|ul=K}}, it has a ] of {{solar luminosity|93|link=y}}.<ref name=kallinger2019/> G Scorpii is an orange ] ]. The measured ] is {{val|3.94|0.21|ul=mas}}.<ref name=aaa431_773/> At the estimated distance of this system, this yields a physical size of about 16 times the ].<ref name=lang2006/> Calculations based on its physical properties give a diameter of about {{solar radius|20}}. With an ] of {{val|4,535|fmt=commas|ul=K}}, it has a ] of {{solar luminosity|93|link=y}}.<ref name=kallinger2019/>


Evolutionary models show that G Scorpii has probably left the ] and is now fusing helium in its core. This makes it a ] star, at the cool end of the ].<ref name=kallinger2019/> Evolutionary models show that G Scorpii has probably left the ] and is now fusing helium in its core. This makes it a ] star, at the cool end of the ].<ref name=kallinger2019/>


Just 5 ] to the east is the ] ].<ref name=omeara2013/> At magnitude 3.2, G Scorpii is around 40 times brighter than the entire globular cluster. Just 5 ] to the east is the ] ].<ref name=omeara2013/> At magnitude 3.2, G Scorpii is around 40 times brighter than the entire globular cluster.


<!--
⚫ ==References==
Please do not add an "In popular culture" section about the alternative name "Ryan Magee" without citing a reliable source that is independent from SuperMegaCast and verifies the content - https://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:%22In_popular_culture%22_content
-->
⚫ == References ==
{{reflist|refs= {{reflist|refs=


<ref name="IAU-LSN">{{citation | url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/ | title=Naming Stars |publisher=IAU.org |accessdate=16 December 2017 |postscript=. }}</ref> <ref name="IAU-LSN">{{citation | url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/ | title=Naming Stars |publisher=IAU.org |access-date=16 December 2017 |postscript=.}}</ref>


<ref name="WGSN">{{citation | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)|accessdate=22 May 2016 |postscript=. }}</ref> <!--<ref name="WGSN">{{citation | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)|access-date=22 May 2016 |postscript=.}}</ref>


<ref name=wagman>{{citation | last = Wagman | first = Morton | year = 2003 | title = Lost Stars: Lost, Missing and Troublesome Stars from the Catalogues of Johannes Bayer, Nicholas Louis de Lacaille, John Flamsteed, and Sundry Others | publisher = The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company | location = Blacksburg, Virginia | bibcode = 2003lslm.book.....W | isbn = 978-0-939923-78-6 | postscript=.}}</ref> -->
<ref name=wagman>{{citation
| last = Wagman
| first = Morton
| year = 2003
| title = Lost Stars: Lost, Missing and Troublesome Stars from the Catalogues of Johannes Bayer, Nicholas Louis de Lacaille, John Flamsteed, and Sundry Others
| publisher = The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company
| location = Blacksburg, Virginia
| bibcode = 2003lslm.book.....W
| isbn = 978-0-939923-78-6
| postscript=.
}}</ref>


<ref name=aaa474_2_653>{{citation | first=F. | last=van Leeuwen |date=November 2007 | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 | postscript=. |arxiv = 0708.1752 }}</ref> <ref name=aaa474_2_653>{{citation | first=F. | last=van Leeuwen |date=November 2007 | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 | postscript=. |arxiv = 0708.1752| s2cid=18759600 }}</ref>


<ref name=Cardini2005>{{citation | title=Mg II chromospheric radiative loss rates in cool active and quiet stars | last1=Cardini | first1=D. | postscript=. | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=430 | pages=303–311 | date=January 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20041440 | bibcode=2005A&A...430..303C |arxiv = astro-ph/0409683| s2cid=12136256 }}</ref>
<ref name=Cardini2005>{{citation
| title=Mg II chromospheric radiative loss rates in cool active and quiet stars
| last1=Cardini | first1=D. | postscript=.
| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
| volume=430 | pages=303–311 | date=January 2005
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20041440 | bibcode=2005A&A...430..303C |arxiv = astro-ph/0409683 }}</ref>


<ref name=aj132_1_161>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Gray | first1=R. O. | last2=Corbally | first2=C. J. | last3=Garrison | first3=R. F. | last4=McFadden | first4=M. T. | last5=Bubar | first5=E. J. | last6=McGahee | first6=C. E. | last7=O'Donoghue | first7=A. A. | last8=Knox | first8=E. R. | title=Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=132 | issue=1 | pages=161–170 |date=July 2006 | doi=10.1086/504637 | bibcode=2006AJ....132..161G | arxiv=astro-ph/0603770 | postscript=. }}</ref> <ref name=aj132_1_161>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Gray | first1=R. O. | last2=Corbally | first2=C. J. | last3=Garrison | first3=R. F. | last4=McFadden | first4=M. T. | last5=Bubar | first5=E. J. | last6=McGahee | first6=C. E. | last7=O'Donoghue | first7=A. A. | last8=Knox | first8=E. R. | title=Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=132 | issue=1 | pages=161–170 |date=July 2006 | doi=10.1086/504637 | bibcode=2006AJ....132..161G | arxiv=astro-ph/0603770 | s2cid=119476992 | postscript=.}}</ref>


<ref name=gcsrv>{{cite book | last=Wilson | first=Ralph Elmer | date=1953 | title=General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities | publisher=] | location=Washington | bibcode=1953GCRV..C......0W }}</ref> <ref name=gcsrv>{{cite journal | last=Wilson | first=Ralph Elmer | date=1953 | title=General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities | journal=Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication | publisher=] | location=Washington | bibcode=1953GCRV..C......0W}}</ref>


<ref name=clpl4_99>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Johnson | first1=H. L. | last2=Iriarte | first2=B. | last3=Mitchell | first3=R. I. | last4=Wisniewskj | first4=W. Z. | title=UBVRIJKL photometry of the bright stars | journal=Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory | volume=4 | issue=99 | pages=99 | date=1966 | bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J | postscript=. }}</ref> <ref name=clpl4_99>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Johnson | first1=H. L. | last2=Iriarte | first2=B. | last3=Mitchell | first3=R. I. | last4=Wisniewskj | first4=W. Z. | title=UBVRIJKL photometry of the bright stars | journal=Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory | volume=4 | issue=99 | pages=99 | date=1966 | bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J | postscript=.}}</ref>


<ref name=aaa431_773>{{citation | last1=Richichi | first1=A. | last2=Percheron | first2=I. | last3=Khristoforova | first3=M. | title=CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=431 | issue=2 | pages=773–777 |date=February 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20042039 | bibcode=2005A&A...431..773R | doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name=aaa431_773>{{citation | last1=Richichi | first1=A. | last2=Percheron | first2=I. | last3=Khristoforova | first3=M. | title=CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=431 | issue=2 | pages=773–777 |date=February 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20042039 | bibcode=2005A&A...431..773R | doi-access=free}}</ref>


<ref name=lang2006>{{citation | first1=Kenneth R. | last1=Lang | title=Astrophysical formulae | volume=1 | series=Astronomy and astrophysics library | edition=3rd | publisher=] | date=2006 | isbn=3540296921 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 | postscript=. }}. The radius (R<sub>*</sub>) is given by: <ref name=lang2006>{{citation | first1=Kenneth R. | last1=Lang | title=Astrophysical formulae | volume=1 | series=Astronomy and astrophysics library | edition=3rd | publisher=] | date=2006 | isbn=3540296921 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 | postscript=.}} The radius (R<sub>*</sub>) is given by:
:<math>\begin{align} 2\cdot R_* :<math>\begin{align} 2\cdot R_*
& = \frac{(38.6\cdot 3.94\cdot 10^{-3})\ \text{AU}}{0.0046491\ \text{AU}/R_{\bigodot}} \\ & = \frac{(38.6\cdot 3.94\cdot 10^{-3})\ \text{AU}}{0.0046491\ \text{AU}/R_{\bigodot}} \\
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\end{align}</math></ref> \end{align}</math></ref>


<ref name=kallinger2019>{{citation |bibcode=2019A&A...624A..35K |title=Stellar masses from granulation and oscillations of 23 bright red giants observed by BRITE-Constellation |last1=Kallinger |first1=T. |last2=Beck |first2=P. G. |last3=Hekker |first3=S. |last4=Huber |first4=D. |last5=Kuschnig |first5=R. |last6=Rockenbauer |first6=M. |last7=Winter |first7=P. M. |last8=Weiss |first8=W. W. |last9=Handler |first9=G. |last10=Moffat |first10=A. F. J. |last11=Pigulski |first11=A. |last12=Popowicz |first12=A. |last13=Wade |first13=G. A. |last14=Zwintz |first14=K. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |year=2019 |volume=624 |pages=A35 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201834514 |arxiv=1902.07531 |postscript=. }}</ref> <ref name=kallinger2019>{{citation |bibcode=2019A&A...624A..35K |title=Stellar masses from granulation and oscillations of 23 bright red giants observed by BRITE-Constellation |last1=Kallinger |first1=T. |last2=Beck |first2=P. G. |last3=Hekker |first3=S. |last4=Huber |first4=D. |last5=Kuschnig |first5=R. |last6=Rockenbauer |first6=M. |last7=Winter |first7=P. M. |last8=Weiss |first8=W. W. |last9=Handler |first9=G. |last10=Moffat |first10=A. F. J. |last11=Pigulski |first11=A. |last12=Popowicz |first12=A. |last13=Wade |first13=G. A. |last14=Zwintz |first14=K. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |year=2019 |volume=624 |pages=A35 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201834514 |arxiv=1902.07531 |s2cid=102486794 |postscript=.}}</ref>


<ref name=charbonnel2020>{{citation |bibcode=2020A&A...633A..34C |title=Lithium in red giant stars: Constraining non-standard mixing with large surveys in the Gaia era |last1=Charbonnel |first1=C. |last2=Lagarde |first2=N. |last3=Jasniewicz |first3=G. |last4=North |first4=P. L. |last5=Shetrone |first5=M. |last6=Krugler Hollek |first6=J. |last7=Smith |first7=V. V. |last8=Smiljanic |first8=R. |last9=Palacios |first9=A. |last10=Ottoni |first10=G. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |year=2020 |volume=633 |pages=A34 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201936360 |arxiv=1910.12732 |postscript=. }}</ref> <ref name=charbonnel2020>{{citation |bibcode=2020A&A...633A..34C |title=Lithium in red giant stars: Constraining non-standard mixing with large surveys in the Gaia era |last1=Charbonnel |first1=C. |last2=Lagarde |first2=N. |last3=Jasniewicz |first3=G. |last4=North |first4=P. L. |last5=Shetrone |first5=M. |last6=Krugler Hollek |first6=J. |last7=Smith |first7=V. V. |last8=Smiljanic |first8=R. |last9=Palacios |first9=A. |last10=Ottoni |first10=G. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |year=2020 |volume=633 |pages=A34 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201936360 |arxiv=1910.12732 |s2cid=204907220 |postscript=.}}</ref>


<ref name=demedeiros2014>{{citation |bibcode=2014A&A...561A.126D |title=A catalog of rotational and radial velocities for evolved stars. V. Southern stars |last1=De Medeiros |first1=J. R. |last2=Alves |first2=S. |last3=Udry |first3=S. |last4=Andersen |first4=J. |last5=Nordström |first5=B. |last6=Mayor |first6=M. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |year=2014 |volume=561 |pages=A126 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201220762 |arxiv=1312.3474 |postscript=. }}</ref> <ref name=demedeiros2014>{{citation |bibcode=2014A&A...561A.126D |title=A catalog of rotational and radial velocities for evolved stars. V. Southern stars |last1=De Medeiros |first1=J. R. |last2=Alves |first2=S. |last3=Udry |first3=S. |last4=Andersen |first4=J. |last5=Nordström |first5=B. |last6=Mayor |first6=M. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |year=2014 |volume=561 |pages=A126 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201220762 |arxiv=1312.3474 |s2cid=54046583 |postscript=.}}</ref>


<ref name=omeara2013>{{citation | postscript=. | first1=Stephen James | last1=O'Meara | title=Deep-Sky Companions: Southern Gems | publisher=] | year=2013 | isbn=978-1139851541 | pages=360–363 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BoIsCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA360 | bibcode=2013dcsg.book.....O}}</ref>
<ref name=omeara2013>{{citation | postscript=.
| first1=Stephen James | last1=O'Meara
| title=Deep-Sky Companions: Southern Gems
| publisher=] | year=2013
| isbn=978-1139851541 | pages=360–363
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BoIsCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA360
| bibcode=2013dcsg.book.....O
}}</ref>


<ref name=ridpath>{{citation |url=http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/telescopium.htm |title=Telescopium |website=Star Tales |author=Ian Ridpath |author-link=Ian Ridpath |accessdate=2020-05-23 |postscript=. }}</ref> <ref name=ridpath>{{citation |url=http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/telescopium.htm |title=Telescopium |website=Star Tales |author=Ian Ridpath |author-link=Ian Ridpath |access-date=2020-05-23 |postscript=.}}</ref>


}} }}
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Latest revision as of 21:04, 12 January 2025

Star in the constellation Scorpius

G Scorpii
Location of G Scorpii (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Scorpius
Right ascension 17 49 51.48081
Declination −37° 02′ 35.8975″
Apparent magnitude (V) 3.21
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage horizontal branch
Spectral type K2 III
U−B color index +1.19
B−V color index +1.17
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+24.7 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 40.59 mas/yr
Dec.: 27.24 mas/yr
Parallax (π)25.92 ± 0.15 mas
Distance125.8 ± 0.7 ly
(38.6 ± 0.2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+0.24
Details
Mass1.2±0.2 M☉
Radius20±1 R☉
Luminosity93±4 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)2.2 cgs
Temperature4,535±125 K
Metallicity −0.20 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)<1.0 km/s
Other designations
Fuyue, G Sco, γ Tel, FK5 669, HD 161892, HIP 87261, HR 6630, SAO 209318
Database references
SIMBADdata

G Scorpii (abbreviated G Sco), also named Fuyue, is a giant star in the constellation of Scorpius. It has an apparent magnitude of +3.19. It is approximately 126 light-years from the Sun.

Nomenclature

G Scorpii below and right (ie. west) of NGC 6441

G Scorpii is the star's Bayer designation. It was formerly situated in the constellation of Telescopium where it was designated γ Telescopii, Latinised to Gamma Telescopii. It was resited in Scorpius and redesignated G Scorpii by Benjamin Apthorp Gould. On 30 June 2017 it was included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.

G Scorpii bore the traditional name Fuyue (simplified Chinese: 傅说; traditional Chinese: 傅說) in ancient China. Fu Yue was a former slave that became a high-ranking minister to Shang dynasty ruler Wu Ding.

Properties

G Scorpii is an orange K-type giant. The measured angular diameter is 3.94±0.21 mas. At the estimated distance of this system, this yields a physical size of about 16 times the radius of the Sun. Calculations based on its physical properties give a diameter of about 20 R☉. With an effective surface temperature of 4,535 K, it has a bolometric luminosity of 93 L☉.

Evolutionary models show that G Scorpii has probably left the red giant branch and is now fusing helium in its core. This makes it a red clump star, at the cool end of the horizontal branch.

Just 5 arcminutes to the east is the globular cluster NGC 6441. At magnitude 3.2, G Scorpii is around 40 times brighter than the entire globular cluster.

References

  1. ^ van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
  2. ^ Johnson, H. L.; et al. (1966), "UBVRIJKL photometry of the bright stars", Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, 4 (99): 99, Bibcode:1966CoLPL...4...99J.
  3. ^ Kallinger, T.; Beck, P. G.; Hekker, S.; Huber, D.; Kuschnig, R.; Rockenbauer, M.; Winter, P. M.; Weiss, W. W.; Handler, G.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Pigulski, A.; Popowicz, A.; Wade, G. A.; Zwintz, K. (2019), "Stellar masses from granulation and oscillations of 23 bright red giants observed by BRITE-Constellation", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 624: A35, arXiv:1902.07531, Bibcode:2019A&A...624A..35K, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834514, S2CID 102486794.
  4. Gray, R. O.; et al. (July 2006), "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample", The Astronomical Journal, 132 (1): 161–170, arXiv:astro-ph/0603770, Bibcode:2006AJ....132..161G, doi:10.1086/504637, S2CID 119476992.
  5. Wilson, Ralph Elmer (1953). "General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities". Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication. Washington: Carnegie Institution of Washington. Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W.
  6. Cardini, D. (January 2005), "Mg II chromospheric radiative loss rates in cool active and quiet stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 430: 303–311, arXiv:astro-ph/0409683, Bibcode:2005A&A...430..303C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041440, S2CID 12136256.
  7. Charbonnel, C.; Lagarde, N.; Jasniewicz, G.; North, P. L.; Shetrone, M.; Krugler Hollek, J.; Smith, V. V.; Smiljanic, R.; Palacios, A.; Ottoni, G. (2020), "Lithium in red giant stars: Constraining non-standard mixing with large surveys in the Gaia era", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 633: A34, arXiv:1910.12732, Bibcode:2020A&A...633A..34C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936360, S2CID 204907220.
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  9. Ian Ridpath, "Telescopium", Star Tales, retrieved 2020-05-23.
  10. Naming Stars, IAU.org, retrieved 16 December 2017.
  11. Richichi, A.; Percheron, I.; Khristoforova, M. (February 2005), "CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 431 (2): 773–777, Bibcode:2005A&A...431..773R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042039
  12. Lang, Kenneth R. (2006), Astrophysical formulae, Astronomy and astrophysics library, vol. 1 (3rd ed.), Birkhäuser, ISBN 3540296921. The radius (R*) is given by:
    2 ⋅ R ∗ = ( 38.6 ⋅ 3.94 ⋅ 10 − 3 )   AU 0.0046491   AU / R ⨀ ≈ 32.7 ⋅ R ⨀ {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}2\cdot R_{*}&={\frac {(38.6\cdot 3.94\cdot 10^{-3})\ {\text{AU}}}{0.0046491\ {\text{AU}}/R_{\bigodot }}}\\&\approx 32.7\cdot R_{\bigodot }\end{aligned}}}
  13. O'Meara, Stephen James (2013), Deep-Sky Companions: Southern Gems, Cambridge University Press, pp. 360–363, Bibcode:2013dcsg.book.....O, ISBN 978-1139851541.
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