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'''John Michael Bailey''' (born ], ] in ]) is an ] ] and ] at ]. He is best known among scientists for his work on the possible biological basis of ], which suggests that ] is substantially inherited. He also wrote ''],'' which has elicited reactions ranging from revilement to a nomination for an award from the Lambda Literary Foundation, an organization that promotes gay literature. He has been accused of research misconduct and practicing psychology without a license. <ref name="carey082107">{{cite web|url|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/21/health/psychology/21gender.html?pagewanted=2|title=Criticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege|publisher=New York Times|date=August 21, 2007}}</ref> These accusations were investigated by Northwestern University. The findings of this investigation were not disclosed.<ref>{{cite web |author=Davis, Andrew|url=http://www.windycitymediagroup.com/gay/lesbian/news/ARTICLE.php?AID=6810|title= Northwestern Sex Researcher Investigated, Results Unknown|Publisher=WindyCity Times|date=], 2004}}</ref> '''John Michael Bailey''' (born ], ] in ]) is an ] ] and ] at ]. He is best known among scientists for his work on the possible biological basis of ], which suggests that ] is substantially inherited. He also wrote ''],'' which has elicited reactions ranging from revilement to a nomination for an award from the Lambda Literary Foundation, an organization that promotes gay literature.


==Background and career== ==Background and career==
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Bailey is well-known for research involving ]. In the early 1990s he coauthored with ] a series of ] which examined the rate of ] of sexual identity among ] twins (52% concordance), ] twins of the same sex (22%), non-twin siblings of the same sex, and adoptive siblings of the same sex (11%).<ref name="bailey91">{{cite journal |author=Bailey JM, Pillard RC |title=A genetic study of male sexual orientation |journal=Arch. Gen. Psychiatry |volume=48 |issue=12 |pages=1089–96 |year=1991 |pmid=1845227 |doi=}}</ref><ref name="bailey93">{{cite journal |author=Bailey JM, Benishay DS |title=Familial aggregation of female sexual orientation |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=150 |issue=2 |pages=272–7 |year=1993 |pmid=8422079 |doi=}}</ref> Bailey is well-known for research involving ]. In the early 1990s he coauthored with ] a series of ] which examined the rate of ] of sexual identity among ] twins (52% concordance), ] twins of the same sex (22%), non-twin siblings of the same sex, and adoptive siblings of the same sex (11%).<ref name="bailey91">{{cite journal |author=Bailey JM, Pillard RC |title=A genetic study of male sexual orientation |journal=Arch. Gen. Psychiatry |volume=48 |issue=12 |pages=1089–96 |year=1991 |pmid=1845227 |doi=}}</ref><ref name="bailey93">{{cite journal |author=Bailey JM, Benishay DS |title=Familial aggregation of female sexual orientation |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=150 |issue=2 |pages=272–7 |year=1993 |pmid=8422079 |doi=}}</ref>


⚫ According to Bailey's interpretation of ], homosexuality is an evolutionary mistake or paradox, and may represent "a developmental error."<ref name="error">{{cite journal |author=Bailey JM |title=Homosexuality and mental illness |journal=Arch. Gen. Psychiatry |volume=56 |issue=10 |pages=883–4 |year=1999 |pmid=10530627 |doi=}}</ref>
The ] and other researchers have criticized this work for using a ] sample,<ref name=CRG"> Position Paper by The Council for Responsible Genetics. Retrieved July 24, 2006.</ref> a problem which his later studies have attempted to remedy.

⚫ According to Bailey's interpretation of ], homosexuality is an evolutionary mistake or paradox, and may represent "a developmental error."<ref name="error">{{cite journal |author=Bailey JM |title=Homosexuality and mental illness |journal=Arch. Gen. Psychiatry |volume=56 |issue=10 |pages=883–4 |year=1999 |pmid=10530627 |doi=}}</ref> He has linked homosexuality to higher levels of ].


In December 2006, he controversially suggested that ] a ] after ] for sexual orientation is "morally acceptable....even assuming, as we do, that homosexuality is entirely acceptable morally"<ref name="greenberg">{{cite journal |author=Greenberg AS, Bailey JM |title=Parental selection of children's sexual orientation |journal=Arch Sex Behav |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=423–37; discussion 439–41 |year=2001 |pmid=11446202 |doi=10.1023/A:1010265416676 |url=http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/Greenberg-Bailey/Homosexual%20Eugenics.pdf}}</ref> Bailey's view was that selecting the sexual orientation of one's offspring would be beneficial because it "would further a parent’s freedom to raise the sort of children they want to raise.”<ref> Times Online (UK)</ref> In December 2006, he controversially suggested that ] a ] after ] for sexual orientation is "morally acceptable....even assuming, as we do, that homosexuality is entirely acceptable morally"<ref name="greenberg">{{cite journal |author=Greenberg AS, Bailey JM |title=Parental selection of children's sexual orientation |journal=Arch Sex Behav |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=423–37; discussion 439–41 |year=2001 |pmid=11446202 |doi=10.1023/A:1010265416676 |url=http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Bailey/Greenberg-Bailey/Homosexual%20Eugenics.pdf}}</ref> Bailey's view was that selecting the sexual orientation of one's offspring would be beneficial because it "would further a parent’s freedom to raise the sort of children they want to raise.”<ref> Times Online (UK)</ref>
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Bailey's detractors filed a complaint with Northwestern University alleging that he had sex with a research subject;<ref>Wilson, R. (2003, Dec. 19). Northwestern U. psychologist accused of having sex with research subject. ''The Chronicle of Higher Education,'' p. 17.</ref> however, Northwestern’s Provost found no basis for pursuing the complaint,<ref>Barlow, G. (2003, Dec. 17). NU professor faces sexual allegations. ''Chicago Free Press.''</ref> saying that it "did not merit further investigation."<ref name = Dreger2008>Dreger, A. D. (2008). The controversy surrounding ''The man who would be queen:'' A case history of the politics of science, identity, and sex in the Internet age. ''Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37,'' 366-421. Also available at Bailey's detractors filed a complaint with Northwestern University alleging that he had sex with a research subject;<ref>Wilson, R. (2003, Dec. 19). Northwestern U. psychologist accused of having sex with research subject. ''The Chronicle of Higher Education,'' p. 17.</ref> however, Northwestern’s Provost found no basis for pursuing the complaint,<ref>Barlow, G. (2003, Dec. 17). NU professor faces sexual allegations. ''Chicago Free Press.''</ref> saying that it "did not merit further investigation."<ref name = Dreger2008>Dreger, A. D. (2008). The controversy surrounding ''The man who would be queen:'' A case history of the politics of science, identity, and sex in the Internet age. ''Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37,'' 366-421. Also available at
.</ref> Bailey's detractors filed a complaint against Bailey with the Illinois Department of Professional Regulation, alleging that he practiced psychology without a license; however, they took no action on the complaint.<ref>Carey, Benedict. (]-].) .</ref> Bailey's detractors filed a complaint against Bailey with the Illinois Department of Professional Regulation, alleging that he practiced psychology without a license; however, they took no action on the complaint.<ref name = Carey2007>Carey, Benedict. (]-].)
''New York Times'' via nytimes.com. Retrieved on ]-].</ref> Bailey's detractors filed a complaint with Northwestern alleging that Bailey committed scientific misconduct in the writing of his book.<ref>Wilson, R. (2003, July 25). Transsexual 'subjects' complain about professors' research methods. ''The Chronicle of Higher Education,'' p. 10.</ref> Northwestern did investigate this allegation. Although the findings of that investigation were not released,<ref>Wilson, R. (2004, Dec. 10). Northwestern U. will not reveal results of investigation into sex researcher. ''The Chronicle of Higher Education,'' p. 10.</ref> Northwestern’s Provost said, "The allegations of scientific misconduct made against Professor J. Michael Bailey do not fall under the federal definition of scientific misconduct."<ref name = Dreger2008/> Bailey says that he did nothing wrong and that the attacks on him were motivated by the desire to suppress discussion of the book's ideas about transsexualism, especially ].<ref name="McCarthyism">{{cite web | title = Academic McCarthyism | url=http://www.chron.org/tools/viewarticle.php?artid=1248 | accessdate = 2007-05-15 }}</ref> ''New York Times'' via nytimes.com. Retrieved on ]-].</ref> Bailey's detractors filed a complaint with Northwestern alleging that Bailey committed scientific misconduct in the writing of his book.<ref>Wilson, R. (2003, July 25). Transsexual 'subjects' complain about professors' research methods. ''The Chronicle of Higher Education,'' p. 10.</ref> Northwestern did investigate this allegation. Although the findings of that investigation were not released,<ref>Wilson, R. (2004, Dec. 10). Northwestern U. will not reveal results of investigation into sex researcher. ''The Chronicle of Higher Education,'' p. 10.</ref> Northwestern’s Vice President for Research, C. Bradley Moore, said, "The allegations of scientific misconduct made against Professor J. Michael Bailey do not fall under the federal definition of scientific misconduct."<ref name = Dreger2008/> Bailey says that he did nothing wrong and that the attacks on him were motivated by the desire to suppress discussion of the book's ideas about transsexualism, especially ].<ref name="McCarthyism">{{cite web | title = Academic McCarthyism | url=http://www.chron.org/tools/viewarticle.php?artid=1248 | accessdate = 2007-05-15 }}</ref>


Alice Dreger, an intersex activist and ] Professor, published a review of the controversy, critical of what she called the "anti-Bailey campaign."<ref name = Dreger2008/> That review, along with multiple commentaries regarding several aspects of the controversy, appears in a special issue of the '']''.<ref>''Archives of Sexual Behavior.'' 2008, volume 37, 365-510.</ref> In an interview with the New York Times, Dreger said, "If we're going to have research at all, then we’re going to have people saying unpopular things, and if this is what happens to them, then we've got problems not only for science but ] itself."<ref name="carey082107"/> Alice Dreger, an intersex activist and ] Professor, published a review of the controversy, critical of what she called the "anti-Bailey campaign."<ref name = Dreger2008/> That review, along with multiple commentaries regarding several aspects of the controversy, appears in a special issue of the '']''<ref>''Archives of Sexual Behavior.'' 2008, volume 37, 365-510.</ref> and received a Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship award.<ref></ref> In an interview with the New York Times, Dreger said, "If we're going to have research at all, then we’re going to have people saying unpopular things, and if this is what happens to them, then we've got problems not only for science but ] itself."<ref name= Carey2007/>


===Sexual arousal patterns of self-identified bisexual men=== ===Sexual arousal patterns of self-identified bisexual men===
Bailey once again stirred controversy in 2005 as senior author of a study which questioned whether male ] exists in the way that it is sometimes described; the study was based on results of ] testing. The testing found that of men who identified themselves as bisexual, 75% were only aroused genitally by homosexual imagery, and 25% were only aroused genitally by heterosexual imagery. They concluded that bisexuality was a subjective experience: "Male bisexuality appears primarily to represent a style of interpreting or reporting sexual arousal rather than a distinct pattern of genital sexual arousal."<ref name="rieger">{{cite journal |author=Rieger G, Chivers ML, Bailey JM |title=Sexual arousal patterns of bisexual men |journal=Psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society / APS |volume=16 |issue=8 |pages=579–84 |year=2005 |pmid=16102058 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01578.x}}</ref> Bailey once again stirred controversy in 2005 as senior author of a study which questioned whether male ] exists in the way that it is sometimes described; the study was based on results of ] testing. The testing found that of men who identified themselves as bisexual, 75% were only aroused genitally by homosexual imagery, and 25% were only aroused genitally by heterosexual imagery. They concluded that bisexuality was a subjective experience: "Male bisexuality appears primarily to represent a style of interpreting or reporting sexual arousal rather than a distinct pattern of genital sexual arousal."<ref name="rieger">{{cite journal |author=Rieger G, Chivers ML, Bailey JM |title=Sexual arousal patterns of bisexual men |journal=Psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society / APS |volume=16 |issue=8 |pages=579–84 |year=2005 |pmid=16102058 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01578.x}}</ref>


The study received wide attention after a ''New York Times'' piece on the study that coincided with the opening of the annual meeting of the ] in 2005.<ref name="carey">{{cite news|author=Carey, Benedict | date=July 5, 2005 | title=Straight, Gay or Lying? Bisexuality Revisited | work=] | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/05/health/05sex.html}}</ref> The article and study were criticized by gay and bisexual groups<ref name="ngltf">] (July 2005). (]) Retrieved July 24, 2006.</ref> and by ].<ref name="FAIR">FAIR (July 8, 2005). </ref> Critics argued the sample size was relatively small, consisting of one hundred (100) men. Also, all of these subjects were "self-selected", from ads placed in gay and "alternative" publications. Then the researchers had to disregard results of thirty-five percent (35%) of this population, as non-responders.<ref name="rieger" /> The study received wide attention after a ''New York Times'' piece on the study that coincided with the opening of the annual meeting of the ] in 2005.<ref name="carey">{{cite news|author=Carey, Benedict | date=July 5, 2005 | title=Straight, Gay or Lying? Bisexuality Revisited | work=] | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/05/health/05sex.html}}</ref> The article and study were criticized by gay and bisexual groups<ref name="ngltf">] (July 2005). (]) Retrieved July 24, 2006.</ref> and by ].<ref name="FAIR">FAIR (July 8, 2005). </ref> Critics argued the sample size was relatively small, consisting of one hundred (100) men. Also, all of these subjects were "self-selected", from ads placed in gay and "alternative" publications. Then the researchers had to disregard results of thirty-five percent (35%) of this population, as non-responders.<ref name="rieger" /> Agreeing with the author's conclusion that bisexuality is a subjective experience, the late ], a sex researcher and the author of '']'' argued that "social and emotional attraction are very important elements in bisexual attraction."<ref name="carey"/>

Agreeing with the author's conclusion that bisexuality is a subjective experience, the late ], a sex researcher and the author of '']'' argued that "social and emotional attraction are very important elements in bisexual attraction."<ref name="carey"/>


==References== ==References==

Revision as of 22:38, 19 June 2008

J Michael Bailey
BornJuly 2, 1957
Lubbock, Texas
NationalityAmerican
Occupation(s)Professor psychology, Northwestern University

John Michael Bailey (born July 2, 1957 in Lubbock, Texas) is an American psychologist and professor at Northwestern University. He is best known among scientists for his work on the possible biological basis of sexual orientation, which suggests that homosexuality is substantially inherited. He also wrote The Man Who Would Be Queen, which has elicited reactions ranging from revilement to a nomination for an award from the Lambda Literary Foundation, an organization that promotes gay literature.

Background and career

Bailey was born in Lubbock, Texas. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics from Washington University in 1979 and his Ph.D. in clinical psychology from the University of Texas at Austin in 1989, where he studied under behavioral genetics researcher Lee Willerman.

Bailey became a professor at Northwestern University in 1989. In the 1990s, Bailey published several papers that suggested a heritable component for sexual orientation. In 2003 he published what is so far his only book, The Man Who Would Be Queen.

In October 2004, Bailey resigned as chairman of the Psychology Department. Bailey still serves as a Northwestern professor.

Research

Bailey is well-known for research involving biology and sexual orientation. In the early 1990s he coauthored with Richard Pillard a series of twin studies which examined the rate of concordance of sexual identity among monozygotic twins (52% concordance), dizygotic twins of the same sex (22%), non-twin siblings of the same sex, and adoptive siblings of the same sex (11%).

According to Bailey's interpretation of evolutionary psychology, homosexuality is an evolutionary mistake or paradox, and may represent "a developmental error."

In December 2006, he controversially suggested that aborting a fetus after fetal screening for sexual orientation is "morally acceptable....even assuming, as we do, that homosexuality is entirely acceptable morally" Bailey's view was that selecting the sexual orientation of one's offspring would be beneficial because it "would further a parent’s freedom to raise the sort of children they want to raise.”

The Man Who Would Be Queen

Main article: The Man Who Would Be Queen

The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science of Gender Bending and Transsexualism was published in 2003 by Joseph Henry Press. In it, Bailey reviews evidence that male homosexuality is innate, a result of heredity and prenatal environment. He also reviews evidence that there are two forms of transsexualism, one that is an extreme type of homosexuality and one that is an expression of a paraphilia known as autogynephilia. Written in a popular science style, the book summarizes research supporting Bailey's opinions. The online version of the book was available from 2003 to February 2006.

The book generated considerable controversy. Helen Boyd explained what might have motivated some to object to the book:

In the crossdressing community, the man who admits he is turned on by his dressing is still considered a pervert. The autogynephilic transsexual will not receive the same sympathy for her transsexualism as the non-autogynephilic transsexual. That's exactly what makes Bailey's book so dangerous: it allows transsexual women to be condemned by our society for having "perverse" sexual arousal patterns.

— Helen Boyd

Bailey's detractors filed a complaint with Northwestern University alleging that he had sex with a research subject; however, Northwestern’s Provost found no basis for pursuing the complaint, saying that it "did not merit further investigation." Bailey's detractors filed a complaint against Bailey with the Illinois Department of Professional Regulation, alleging that he practiced psychology without a license; however, they took no action on the complaint. Bailey's detractors filed a complaint with Northwestern alleging that Bailey committed scientific misconduct in the writing of his book. Northwestern did investigate this allegation. Although the findings of that investigation were not released, Northwestern’s Vice President for Research, C. Bradley Moore, said, "The allegations of scientific misconduct made against Professor J. Michael Bailey do not fall under the federal definition of scientific misconduct." Bailey says that he did nothing wrong and that the attacks on him were motivated by the desire to suppress discussion of the book's ideas about transsexualism, especially autogynephilia.

Alice Dreger, an intersex activist and Northwestern University Professor, published a review of the controversy, critical of what she called the "anti-Bailey campaign." That review, along with multiple commentaries regarding several aspects of the controversy, appears in a special issue of the Archives of Sexual Behavior and received a Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship award. In an interview with the New York Times, Dreger said, "If we're going to have research at all, then we’re going to have people saying unpopular things, and if this is what happens to them, then we've got problems not only for science but free expression itself."

Sexual arousal patterns of self-identified bisexual men

Bailey once again stirred controversy in 2005 as senior author of a study which questioned whether male bisexuality exists in the way that it is sometimes described; the study was based on results of penile plethysmograph testing. The testing found that of men who identified themselves as bisexual, 75% were only aroused genitally by homosexual imagery, and 25% were only aroused genitally by heterosexual imagery. They concluded that bisexuality was a subjective experience: "Male bisexuality appears primarily to represent a style of interpreting or reporting sexual arousal rather than a distinct pattern of genital sexual arousal."

The study received wide attention after a New York Times piece on the study that coincided with the opening of the annual meeting of the International Academy of Sex Research in 2005. The article and study were criticized by gay and bisexual groups and by FAIR. Critics argued the sample size was relatively small, consisting of one hundred (100) men. Also, all of these subjects were "self-selected", from ads placed in gay and "alternative" publications. Then the researchers had to disregard results of thirty-five percent (35%) of this population, as non-responders. Agreeing with the author's conclusion that bisexuality is a subjective experience, the late Dr. Fritz Klein, a sex researcher and the author of The Bisexual Option argued that "social and emotional attraction are very important elements in bisexual attraction."

References

  1. "Professional profile". Northwestern University. February 4, 2008. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. Davis, Andrew (December 8, 2004). "Northwestern Sex Researcher Investigated, Results Unknown". {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |Publisher= ignored (|publisher= suggested) (help)
  3. Bailey JM, Pillard RC (1991). "A genetic study of male sexual orientation". Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 48 (12): 1089–96. PMID 1845227.
  4. Bailey JM, Benishay DS (1993). "Familial aggregation of female sexual orientation". Am J Psychiatry. 150 (2): 272–7. PMID 8422079.
  5. Bailey JM (1999). "Homosexuality and mental illness". Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 56 (10): 883–4. PMID 10530627.
  6. Greenberg AS, Bailey JM (2001). "Parental selection of children's sexual orientation" (PDF). Arch Sex Behav. 30 (4): 423–37, discussion 439–41. doi:10.1023/A:1010265416676. PMID 11446202.
  7. Science told: hands off gay sheep Times Online (UK)
  8. Bailey, J. Michael (2003). The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science of Gender-Bending and Transsexualism. Joesph Henry Press, ISBN 978-0309084185
  9. Helen Boyd (2003). My husband Betty: love, sex, and life with a crossdresser. Thunder's Mouth Press. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |ibsn= ignored (help)
  10. Wilson, R. (2003, Dec. 19). Northwestern U. psychologist accused of having sex with research subject. The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. 17.
  11. Barlow, G. (2003, Dec. 17). NU professor faces sexual allegations. Chicago Free Press.
  12. ^ Dreger, A. D. (2008). The controversy surrounding The man who would be queen: A case history of the politics of science, identity, and sex in the Internet age. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37, 366-421. Also available at .
  13. ^ Carey, Benedict. (2007-08-21.) "Criticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege." New York Times via nytimes.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
  14. Wilson, R. (2003, July 25). Transsexual 'subjects' complain about professors' research methods. The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. 10.
  15. Wilson, R. (2004, Dec. 10). Northwestern U. will not reveal results of investigation into sex researcher. The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. 10.
  16. "Academic McCarthyism". Retrieved 2007-05-15.
  17. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2008, volume 37, 365-510.
  18. Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship Awards 2008
  19. ^ Rieger G, Chivers ML, Bailey JM (2005). "Sexual arousal patterns of bisexual men". Psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society / APS. 16 (8): 579–84. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01578.x. PMID 16102058.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ Carey, Benedict (July 5, 2005). "Straight, Gay or Lying? Bisexuality Revisited". New York Times.
  21. National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (July 2005). The Problems with "Gay, Straight, or Lying?" (PDF) Retrieved July 24, 2006.
  22. FAIR (July 8, 2005). New York Times Suggests Bisexuals Are "Lying": Paper fails to disclose study author's controversial history.

Selected bibliography

  • Bailey JM, Miller JS, Willerman L (1993). "Maternally rated childhood gender nonconformity in homosexuals and heterosexuals". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 22 (5): 461–9. PMID 8239975.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Bailey JM, Pillard RC, Neale MC, Agyei Y (1993). "Heritable factors influence sexual orientation in women". Archives of General Psychiatry. 50 (3): 217–23. PMID 8439243.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Greenberg AS, Bailey JM (1993). Do biological explanations of homosexuality have moral, legal, or policy implications? Journal of Sex Research, 30, 245-251.
  • Bailey JM, Zucker KJ (1995). Childhood sex-typed behavior and sexual orientation: A conceptual analysis and quantitative review. Developmental Psychology, 31, 43-55.
  • Bailey JM, Nothnagel J, Wolfe M (1995). "Retrospectively measured individual differences in childhood sex-typed behavior among gay men: Correspondence between self- and maternal reports". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 24 (6): 613–22. PMID 8572910.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Bailey JM, Pillard, RC (1995). Genetics of human sexual orientation. Annual Review of Sex Research, 6, 126-150.
  • Bailey JM (1995). "Sexual orientation revolution". Nature Genetics. 11 (4): 353–4. doi:10.1038/ng1295-353. PMID 7493006.
  • Dunne MP, Martin NG, Bailey JM; et al. (1997). "Participation bias in a sexuality survey: psychological and behavioural characteristics of responders and non-responders". International Journal of Epidemiology. 26 (4): 844–54. PMID 9279618. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Bailey JM (1999). "Homosexuality and mental illness". Archives of General Psychiatry. 56 (10): 883–4. PMID 10530627.
  • Bailey JM, Pillard RC, Dawood K; et al. (1999). "A family history study of male sexual orientation using three independent samples". Behavior Genetics. 29 (2): 79–86. PMID 10405456. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Bailey JM, Dunne MP, Martin NG (2000). "Genetic and environmental influences on sexual orientation and its correlates in an Australian twin sample" (PDF). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 78 (3): 524–36. PMID 10743878.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Bailey JM (2003). The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science of Gender-Bending and Transsexualism. Washington, D.C: Joseph Henry Press. ISBN 0-309-08418-0.

See also

External links

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