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Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering

Acronym	GATE
Type	Computer-based standardized test
Administrator	Conducted jointly by IISc and 7 IITs on behalf of the National Coordination Board – GATE, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India.
Skills tested	Undergraduate level knowledge of the chosen engineering or science discipline.
Purpose	Post-graduate engineering admissions, screening for entry-level engineering jobs, etc.
Year started	1984 (1984)
Duration	3 hours
Score range	Marks (unscaled) on scale of -32 to +100, in 0.33 point increments. Score (scaled) on scale of 0 to 1000, in 1 point increments.
Score validity	2 years
Offered	Once every year (usually in February).
Regions	Over 500 centres in over 100 cities and towns all over India.
Languages	English
Annual number of test takers	984,855 in 2013
Prerequisites	Final year student or graduate of Bachelor's degree (or equivalent) in engineering/ architecture or Master's degree (or equivalent) in science, computer applications, etc.
Fee	₹ 1500 (about US$ 24) for general category and OBC male candidates. ₹ 750 (about US$ 12) for all female and SC, ST male candidates.
Used by	Various Indian engineering colleges offering post-graduate education, several public sector Indian companies recruiting engineers, etc.
Qualification rate	13.88 % in 2013
Website	gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014 (for GATE 2014)

The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an all-India examination that primarily tests the comprehensive understanding of various undergraduate subjects in engineering and science. GATE is conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science and seven Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT Bombay, IIT Delhi, IIT Guwahati, IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Madras and IIT Roorkee) on behalf of the National Coordination Board – GATE, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD), Government of India.

The GATE score of a candidate reflects the relative performance level of a candidate. The score is used for admissions to various post-graduate programs (e.g. Master of Engineering, Master of Technology, Doctor of Philosophy) in Indian higher education institutes, with financial assistance provided by MHRD and other government agencies. Recently, GATE scores are also being used by several Indian public sector undertakings (i.e., government-owned companies) for recruiting graduate engineers in entry-level positions. It is one of the most competitive examinations in India.

Financial Assistance

A valid GATE score is essential for obtaining financial assistance during Master’s programs and direct Doctoral programs in Engineering/Technology/Architecture, and Doctoral programs in relevant branches of Science in Institutes supported by the Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD) or other Government agencies. As per the directives of MHRD, the following procedure is to be adopted for admission to the post-graduate programs (Master’s and Doctoral) with MHRD scholarship/assistant-ship: Depending upon the norms adopted by a specific institute or department of the Institute, a candidate may be admitted directly into a course based on his/her performance in GATE only or based on his/her performance in GATE and an admission test / interview conducted by the department to which he/she has applied and/or the candidate’s academic record. If the candidate is to be selected through test/interview for post-graduate programs, the minimum of 70% weightage is given to the performance in GATE and the remaining 30% weightage can be given to the candidate’s performance in test/interview and/or academic record. The admitting institutes can, however, prescribe a minimum passing percentage of marks in the test/interview. Some colleges/institutes specify GATE qualification as the mandatory requirement even for admission without MHRD scholarship/assistant-ship. To avail the financial assistance (scholarship), the candidate must first secure admission to a program in these Institutes, by a procedure that could vary from institute to institute. Qualification in GATE is also a minimum requirement to apply for various fellowships awarded by many Government organizations. The criteria for postgraduate admission with scholarship/assistant-ship could be different for different institutions.

Eligibility

The following are eligible to take GATE:

• Bachelor’s degree holders in Engineering/ Technology/ Architecture (4 years after 10+2/ Post-B.Sc./ Post-Diploma) and those who are in the final year of such programs.
• Master’s degree holders in any branch of Science/ Mathematics/ Statistics/ Computer Applications or equivalent and those who are in the final year of such programs.
• Candidates in the second or higher year of Four-year integrated Master’s degree programs (Post-B.Sc.) in Engineering/ Technology.
• Candidates in the fourth or higher year of Five-year integrated Master’s degree programs or Dual Degree programs in Engineering/Technology.
• Candidates with qualifications obtained through examinations conducted by professional societies recognized by UPSC/AICTE (e.g. AMIE by iE(i), AMICE(i) by the institute of Civil Engineers (India)-iCE(i)) as equivalent to B.E./B.Tech.

Those who have completed section A or equivalent of such professional courses are also eligible.

GATE disciplines and structure

At present, GATE is conducted in the following 22 disciplines. A candidate can select any one of these.

General aptitude questions

Each subject's test contains 10 questions that test the "general aptitude" (language and analytic skills), apart from the core subject of the discipline.

Duration and examination type

The GATE examination consists of a single test of 3-hour duration that contains a total of 65 questions, worth a maximum of 100 marks. The questions consist of both multiple choice questions (MCQs) and numerical answer type questions.

From 2014 onward, the examination for all the papers is carried out in an online Computer Based Test (CBT) mode where the candidates are shown the questions in a random sequence on a computer screen. The candidates are required to either select the answer (for multiple-choice question type) or enter the answer for numerical answer type question using a mouse on a virtual keyboard (keyboard of the computer is disabled). Candidates are provided with blank paper sheets for rough work and these have to be returned after the examination. At the end of the 3-hour window, the computer automatically closes the screen from further actions.

Result and test score

GATE results are usually declared about one month after the examinations are over. The results show the total marks scored by a candidate, the GATE score, the all-India rank and the cut off marks for various categories in the candidate's paper. The score is valid for 2 years from the date of announcement of the results. The score cards are issued to all qualified candidates.

Normalized GATE Score (new procedure)

Calculation of "normalized marks" for subjects held in multiple sessions (CE, CS, EC, EE and ME):

In 2014, examination for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME subjects is being held in multiple sessions. Hence, for these subjects, a suitable normalization is applied to take into account any variation in the difficulty levels of the question sets across different sessions. The normalization is done based on the fundamental assumption that "in all multi-session GATE papers, the distribution of abilities of candidates is the same across all the sessions". According to the GATE committee, this assumption is justified since "the number of candidates appearing in multi-session subjects in GATE 2014 is large and the procedure of allocation of session to candidates is random. Further it is also ensured that for the same multi-session subject, the number of candidates allotted in each session is of the same order of magnitude."

Based on the above, and considering various normalization methods, the committee arrived at the following formula for calculating the normalized marks, for CE, CS, EC, EE and ME subjects:

Normalized mark (︿M_ij) of j candidate in i session, is given by
︿M_ij = ⁠M_t - M_q/ M_ti - M_iq ⁠ ( M_ij - M_iq ) + M_q
where,

M_ij is the actual marks obtained by the j candidate in the i session,

M_t is the average marks of the top 0.1 % of the candidates in all sessions of that subject,

M_q is the sum of mean and standard deviation of marks of all candidates in all sessions of that subject,

M_ti is the average of marks of top 0.1 % of candidates in the i session of that subject,

M_iq is the sum of mean and standard deviation of marks of candidates in the i session of that subject.

After evaluation of the answers, normalized marks based on the above formula will be calculated using the raw (actual) marks obtained by a candidate in the CE, CS, EC, EE or ME subject. The "score" will be calculated using these normalized marks. For all other subjects (whose tests are conducted in a single session), the actual marks obtained by the candidates will be used in calculating the score.

Calculation of GATE Score for all subjects (both single-session and multiple-session):

From 2013, a candidate's GATE score is computed by the following new formula.
${\displaystyle S=S_{q}+(S_{t}-S_{q}){\frac {M-M_{q}}{{\overline {M}}_{t}-M_{q}}}}$
where,

S = Score (normalized) of a candidate,

M = Marks obtained by a candidate ("normalized marks" in case of multiple-session subjects CE, CS, EC, EE and ME),

M_q = Qualifying marks for general category candidates in that subject (usually 25 or μ + σ, whichever is higher),

μ = Average (i.e. arithmetic mean) of marks of all candidates in that subject,

σ = Standard deviation of marks of all candidates in that subject,

M_t = Average marks of top 0.1 % or top 10 (whichever is higher) of candidates in that subject,

S_t = 900 = Score assigned to M_t,

S_q = 350 = Score assigned to M_q.

Old formula

Till 2012, the score was calculated using the formula:

GATE score = ${\displaystyle 10(a_{g}+s_{g}{\frac {m-a}{S}})}$

where,

m = Marks obtained by the candidate,

a = Average of marks of all candidates who appeared in that subject, in that year, with marks less than zero converted to zero,

S = Standard deviation of marks of all candidates who appeared in that subject, in that year, with marks less than zero converted to zero,

a_g = Global average of marks of all candidates who appeared across all subjects in current and past 3 years (i.e. 2010 to 2013 for GATE 2013), with marks less than zero converted to zero,

s_g = Global standard deviation of marks of all candidates who appeared across all subjects in current and past 3 years (i.e. 2010 to 2013 for GATE 2013), with marks less than zero converted to zero.

Qualifying Marks

The rules for qualifying marks have varied from year to year. The qualifying marks (out of 100) are different for different subjects as well as categories.

Here μ is the average (i.e., arithmetic mean) of marks of all candidates in the subject (with negative marks converted to zero) and σ is the standard deviation of all marks in that subject.

Usually, the general category's qualifying mark is in the 25 to 30 range.

Before 2008, when the Government of India implemented reservations for other backward classes (OBCs) in college admissions and public sector job recruitment, the OBC candidates were included in the "general" category. There was no separate OBC category then.

Statistics

The number of candidates appearing in GATE is increasing every year.

Precise figures unavailable as of now.

2012

Subject-wise distribution of the 686,614 appeared candidates in GATE 2012

Category-wise distribution of the 108,526 qualified candidates in GATE 2012

•   Male
•   Female

The three hour test in 21 papers was conducted in 860 centers and 170 cities/towns across the country on two days: the computer based online exam in six papers on 29 January 2012 and the offline exam in the remaining fifteen papers on 12 February 2012. A total of 7,77,134 candidates registered for GATE 2012 and 6,86,614 candidates appeared for the exam. Nearly 81% of the total number of candidates who appeared for GATE 2012 were from four papers: Electronics and Communication Engineering (1,76,944), Computer Science and Information Technology (1,56,780), Mechanical Engineering (1,12,320) and Electrical Engineering (1,10,125).

The total number of candidates qualified in GATE 2012 is 1,08,526. This year, 30,294 OBC candidates qualified in the test, while 23,765 SC/ST and 447 physically challenged candidates qualified. Out of 1,85,198 female candidates who appeared in GATE 2012, 22,896 candidates qualified.

The IIT Delhi zone topped among the other zones with 18,927 candidates figuring in the list of qualified candidates, followed by IIT Madras (17,343), IIT Kharagpur (15,735), IISc Bangalore (14,379), IIT Kanpur (12,469), IIT Roorkee (12,328), IIT Bombay (12,287), and IIT Guwahati (5,058).

2013

•   Male
•   Female
•   Other

•   General category (GN)
•   Other backward classes (OBC)
•   Scheduled castes (SC)
•   Scheduled tribes (ST)

A total of 1,200,728 candidates registered for GATE 2013 and 984,855 candidates (82.02%) appeared for the exam, of which 136,699 (13.88%) qualified in GATE 2013.

The three-hour test was conducted on two days over four sessions in total. The computer based online exam for 2,02,223 candidates in fifteen papers was conducted in 572 centers spread over 123 cities and towns across the country on 20 January 2013. The offline exam for 9,98,505 candidates in the remaining six papers was conducted in 992 centers spread over 183 cities and towns across the country on 10 February 2013.

A larger fraction of the registered men appeared (88%) for the exam than women candidates (72%). Nearly 81% of the total number of candidates who appeared for GATE 2013 were from four papers: Electronics and Communication Engineering (2,56,135), Computer Science and Information Technology (2,24,160), Mechanical Engineering (1,65,814) and Electrical Engineering (1,52,381).

Women formed 20.9% of the total qualified candidates. As per the candidate supplied category (General, OBC-NC, SC, and ST) information, among the qualified candidates, 72,125 belong to General, 41,237 to OBC-NC, 18,936 to SC, and 4,401 to ST category. Physically challenged candidates comprised a total of 1,136 among the qualified in various categories.

The top five States that had qualified candidates as their permanent residence were Andra Pradesh (22,476), Uttar Pradesh (22,400), Maharashtra (9,951), Bihar (9,820), and Kerala (8,992).

The city of New Delhi has the maximum number of qualified candidates who had mentioned it as their correspondence address. "Correspondence address City" has a slightly different bearing compared to the "Permanent State". While the Permanent Residence State often relates to the “Native” State or State where their Parents/Guardians live, the Correspondence City is mostly related to the current residence, which is more likely to be the place of study or employment.

Subject-wise distribution of the 984,855 appeared candidates in GATE 2013

Permanent state-wise distribution of the 136,699 qualified candidates in GATE 2013

Difficulty level of GATE

GATE Papers, for long, have been known to test the Engineering basics in a smart way. Complaints of "lengthy" problems have been rare. But the task of mastering an entire course of Engineering (30 plus subjects) for a three hour test, itself gives the test a certain level of toughness. In GATE 2012, only 14% of all candidates qualified.

Admission to Post-Graduate programs

Unlike undergraduate admissions in India, candidates must apply individually to each institute after the institute has published its M.Tech. notification (usually in the month of March). There is no separate counselling held.

Some institutions specify GATE qualification as mandatory even for admission of self-financing students to postgraduate programs. GATE qualified candidates are also eligible for the award of Junior Research Fellowship in CSIR Laboratories and CSIR sponsored projects. Top rank holders in some GATE papers are entitled to apply for “Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Fellowship” awarded by CSIR. Some government organizations prescribe GATE qualification as a requirement for applying to the post of a Scientist/Engineer.

In recent years, various academicians have recognized GATE as being one of the toughest exams in its category. Some non-Indian universities like the National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and some technical universities in Germany also identify GATE score as a parameter for judging the quality of the candidates for admission into their Masters and Ph.D. programs.

Some management institutes like NITIE, Mumbai offer admission to Post Graduate Diploma in Industrial Engineering on the basis of GATE score.

Most Indian institutes do not specify cut-off marks for previous years. So there is a general confusion in terms of selecting institutes and specializations. But in the recent years IIT Kharagpur and IIT Guwahati have been specifying last year cut-off mark list. Indian Institute of Technology Delhi has a very detailed website on Post Graduate (PG) activities and admissions where students can find the relevant information on cut-off marks etc. Typically the Indian Institute of Science and Indian Institutes of Technology are the most selective followed by National Institutes of Technology and others. Also there are some state universities in India, whose standards and facilities are very much comparable to top IITs and NITs. Some of them are Bengal Engineering and Science University (recently converted to IIEST), Jadavpur University, Delhi Technological University, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Andhra University College of Engineering, Osmania University and PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh etc. Even within the top institutes, the selection criteria varies widely across departments and programs depending on expertise areas. The Directorate of Technical Education of Maharashtra state has also started conducting CAP round from the year 2013 for GATE and non-GATE candidates in all institute in Maharashtra that offer M.E./M.Tech. programs.

Recruitment through GATE

Public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India, for long, have had troubles conducting their recruitment processes with more than 100,000 students giving the exams for less than 1000 jobs (a selection rate of less than 1%). After sensing the exponential rise in the number of engineering graduates in India who wish to get a PSU job, the PSUs have decided that a GATE score shall be the primary criteria for initial shortlisting. This change was the primary cause for the rapid increase in applicants for GATE 2012.

Indian Oil Corporation was the first PSU which successfully tested out this system and was followed two years later by National Thermal Power Corporation, Bharat Heavy Electricals, Bharat Electronics & PowerGrid Corporation of India.

Usually these companies release their recruitment notifications right after GATE notification, indicating that candidates have to take GATE to be considered for a job in their organizations.

Latest list of companies (GATE 2014)

As of now, the following public sector undertakings have signed Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) with the GATE 2014 organizing committee, for using GATE 2014 score as a screening tool for recruiting engineers at entry level positions:

Company	Electronics and communication engineering	Computer science and information technology	Mechanical engineering	Electrical engineering	Civil engineering	Instrumentation engineering	Chemical engineering	Other	Total number of posts	Reference(s)
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd.	-	-	Y	-	-	-	Y	-
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd.	Y	-	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	-
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.	-	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Metallurgical engineering
National Fertilizers Ltd.	-	-	Y (19 posts)	Y (10 posts)	-	Y (10 posts)	Y (10 posts)		49
Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd.	-	Y (3 posts)	Y (27 posts)	Y (21 posts)	Y (8 posts)	Y (9 posts)	-	Mining engineering (10 posts)	78
National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd.	-	-	Y (25 posts)	Y (130 posts)	Y (25 posts)	-	-	-	180
National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd.	Y	-	Y	Y	Y	Y	-	-
Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd.	-	-	-	Y (132 posts)	-	-	-	-	132
Vizag Steel Plant			Y	Y				Metallurgical engineering
Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL)	-	-	Y (18 posts)	Y (14 posts)	-	Y (13 posts)	Y (20 posts)	-	65
Mineral Exploration Corporation Ltd.	-	-	Y (20 posts)	-	-	-	-	Chemistry (5 posts), Geology and geophysics (7 + 3 = 10 posts)	35
Mazagon Dock Ltd.	Y (7 posts)	-	Y (24 posts)	Y (14 posts)	-	-	-	-	45
National Aluminium Company Ltd.
Rail India Technical and Economic Services Ltd.	-	-	Y (15 posts)	-	Y (24 posts)	-	-	-	39
National Projects Construction Corporation Ltd.					Y (30 posts)				30
Total number of posts	> 7	> 3	> 148	> 321	> 87	> 32	> 30	> 25	> 653

In the above table, ">" indicates the "greater than" sign. The exact number of posts in each discipline can not be known, as some companies have not revealed the numbers of posts.

Many other PSUs are also processing the MoU and these are in progress.

Changes in recent years

2009

• The IT and CS papers were merged and there was no separate IT paper.
• The GATE score was valid only for one year but later the GATE committee made it valid for two years in 2010.

2010

• Pharmacy was no longer on the GATE subject papers list, with GPAT as the replacement. Also, the Biotechnology section of the XL GATE paper had been removed and replaced by a separate Biotechnology paper (paper code BT).
• An additional section of General Aptitude was introduced in GATE. A total of ten questions carrying 15 marks makes up this last section of GATE.

2011

• Based on a trouble-free pilot project in 2010, four of the GATE papers in GATE 2011 were run using computer based online mode. The four online papers for 2011 are Aerospace Engineering (paper code AE), Geology and Geophysics (paper code GG), Mining Engineering (paper code MN) and Textile Engineering (paper code TF) and Fiber Science.
• GATE was held in morning (9-12) session for some papers and afternoon (2-5) session for others. Also, the computer based tests was held on a different date.

2012

• Only final year students and passed-out candidates were declared eligible to take GATE. Pre-final year students, which were eligible till 2011, were no longer eligible.
• The application process was made completely online. Candidates could view their responses of the ORS and also GATE Office released official solutions for GATE papers.
• The admit card was made downloadable from the application website. Sending admit cards by post was discontinued.
• The exam mode was changed from paper-based to "online" (i.e. computer-based) for 2 additional subjects: Agricultural Engineering (AG) and Architecture and Planning (AR).
• The use of pencils to darken the bubbles in the answer sheet was discontinued. Candidates could use only black ink ball point pens for darkening of the bubbles in the answer sheet.

2013

• Female candidates were exempted from paying the application fee.
• Candidates were required to upload scanned copy of photograph and signature. Print-out of the completed application form was to be mailed to the institute by post.
• The Application fee was increased from ₹ 1000 to ₹ 1200.
• The GATE score formula was changed. Scores calculated using the old formula were effective during the year 2013-14. Scores calculated using the new formula were effective during the year 2014-15.

2014

• A new paper of "Ecology and Evolution" is introduced.
• Examinations for all the 22 papers will be conducted by an online Computer-Based Test (CBT). The online examination paper will contain some questions for which numerical answers must be keyed in by the candidate using the "virtual" (i.e. on-screen) keypad. Rest of the questions shall be of Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) type.
• Female candidates are required to pay some fee for application, a change introduced due to many raising complaints about a large portion of female candidates who registered but did not appear for the exam in 2013.
• Application fee is increased from ₹ 1200 to ₹ 1500 for general category, OBC male/other candidates, and ₹ 750 for all female candidates and SC, ST male/other candidates.
• Examinations will be held during forenoon and afternoon sessions on alternate weekends (Saturday and Sunday) between 1 February 2014 and 2 March 2014. Examination for some of the papers in GATE 2014 will be held in multiple sessions.

Year and Organizing Institute

Each year's GATE is organised by any one of 8 institutes: IISc and 7 IITs. The overall co-ordination and responsibility of conducting GATE lies with this institute, which is designated as the Organizing Institute (OI) for GATE of that year. GATE coaching institutes often make speculations regarding the topics to focus upon depending upon the institute that is the OI of that year.

See also

• Graduate Record Examination (GRE)
• Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)
• Common Admission Test (CAT)
• Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)
• International English Language Testing System (IELTS)
• All India Engineering/Architecture Entrance Examination (AIEEE)
• Joint Entrance Examination (JEE)
• Indian Institutes of Technology
• Indian Institute of Science
• National Institutes of Technology

References

1. ^ http://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014/about.php
2. ^ http://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014/psus.php
3. ^ http://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014/gpstruc.php
4. ^ http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/gate2013/gate-2013-result-statistics/
5. ^ http://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014/eligibility.php
6. http://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014/appfee.php
7. http://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/gate2014/gate_score.php
8. GATE Score Formula 2012 | GATE 2013
9. http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/2k12/gate2012/pdffiles/pressrelease.pdf
10. ^ http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/08/stories/2009020859860800.htm
11. http://www.thehindu.com/features/education/college-and-university/gate2013-to-get-tougher/article3828392.ece
12. http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/2k12/gate2012/pdffiles/pressrelease.pdf
13. http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/2k12/gate2012/pdffiles/pressrelease.pdf
14. http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/2k12/gate2012/pdffiles/pressrelease.pdf
15. http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/2k12/gate2012/pdffiles/pressrelease.pdf
16. http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/2k12/gate2012/pdffiles/pressrelease.pdf
17. http://www.bpclcareers.in/Images/Detailed_ad_GATE_2014.pdf
18. http://www.hindustanpetroleum.com/documents/pdf/GATE_HPCL_2014.pdf
19. http://ioclrecruit.in/images/GATE_2014_advertisement.pdf
20. http://www.iocl.com/download/Rec_GATE_2014_FAQ.pdf
21. http://www.nationalfertilizers.com/images/pdf/career/NFL_MT2014_rev.pdf
22. http://www.nlcindia.com/careers/Advt.No.08_2013_eng.pdf
23. http://www.nhpcindia.com/writereaddata/Images/pdf/Recruit14.pdf
24. http://www.ntpccareers.net/et14/my_files/advt.pdf
25. http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/WriteReadData/file/jobopportunities/CC/ET19/ET19AdvtFinal.pdf
26. http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/WriteReadData/file/jobopportunities/CC/ET19/ET19.pdf
27. http://www.vizagsteel.com/code/tenders/jobdocs/15977Gate%20Advertisement.pdf
28. https://gailebank.gail.co.in/Online_recruitment_et2/career.asp
29. https://gailebank.gail.co.in/Online_recruitment_et2/pdf/ADVERTISEMENT.pdf
30. http://www.mecl.gov.in/PDF/GATE-2014.pdf
31. http://www.mazagondock.gov.in/newsite2010/MDL_Jobportal/writereaddata/12242013103908AMAdvertisementGATE2014.pdf
32. http://rites.com/web/images/stories/uploadVacancy/GET%202014%20comp.Ad.pdf
33. http://www.npcc.gov.in/writereaddata/others/ADVT.-2.12.2013-9.12.13-final.pdf
34. GATE 2012 - Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering
35. GATE 2013
36. Post-Exam Related Information | GATE 2013
37. GATE 2014

External links

• GATE 2012, organised by IIT Delhi.
• GATE 2013, organized by IIT Bombay.
• GATE 2014 , organised IIT Kharagpur.

• Standardized tests in India
• Engineering education in India
• Indian Institutes of Technology