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| The '''Gayen''' (also '''Gain''', anglicized) (Bengali: গাইন, pronounced ''Ga-yen'') are an ] ] community belonging to the ] (], in some cases) caste. The ] evolved as a caste from a category of officials or scribes, between the 5th/6th century AD and 11th/12th century AD, its component elements being putative ] and mostly ]<ref>http://books.google.co.in/books?id=bCVyhH5VDjAC&redir_esc=y</ref> |
The '''Gayen''' (also '''Gain''', anglicized) (Bengali: গাইন, pronounced ''Ga-yen'') are an ] ] community belonging to the ] (], in some cases) caste. The ]s evolved as a caste from a category of officials or scribes, between the 5th/6th century AD and 11th/12th century AD, its component elements being putative ]s and mostly ]s.<ref>http://books.google.co.in/books?id=bCVyhH5VDjAC&redir_esc=y</ref> | ||
| They are found mainly in the states of ] and ] in ]. A few are also found in the ] district of ]. The Muslim Gayens consider themselves a sub-group with the larger ] ethnic group of ].<ref>Marginal Muslim Communities in India edited by M.K.A Siddiqui pages 203-211</ref> | They are found mainly in the states of ] and ] in ]. A few are also found in the ] district of ]. The Muslim Gayens consider themselves a sub-group with the larger ] ethnic group of ].<ref>Marginal Muslim Communities in India edited by M.K.A Siddiqui pages 203-211</ref> | ||
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| The Gayen are an ] Bengali community, belonging to various religions. The Muslims consist of musicians who used to sing ] devotional songs in praise of the ] ], after their conversion from ]. They trace their descent from a Jehad Gayen, who is said to have accompanied ] to ].{{citation needed|date=February 2011}} Little is known as to the ethnic origin of Jehad Gayen, other than that he came from outside ], possibly ]. The descendents of Jehad Gayen have continued to sing songs in devotion to Shah Jalal, in respect of their ancestor and Gazi Song during Islamic movement (Islamic renaissance in Faridpur and Barisal Areas). The community is found mainly in the districts of ], ] and ] District in ], ] in ] and ] in ]. They speak the Local Bengali in Barisal and Gopalganj areas and ] dialect of ] in Sylhet and Assam.<ref>Marginal Muslim Communities in India edited by M.K.A Siddiqui pages 203-211</ref> |
The Gayen are an ] Bengali community, belonging to various religions. The Muslims consist of musicians who used to sing ] devotional songs in praise of the ] ], after their conversion from ]. They trace their descent from a Jehad Gayen, who is said to have accompanied ] to ].{{citation needed|date=February 2011}} Little is known as to the ethnic origin of Jehad Gayen, other than that he came from outside ], possibly ]. The descendents of Jehad Gayen have continued to sing songs in devotion to Shah Jalal, in respect of their ancestor and Gazi Song during Islamic movement (Islamic renaissance in Faridpur and Barisal Areas). The community is found mainly in the districts of ], ] and ] District in ], ] in ] and ] in ]. They speak the Local Bengali in Barisal and Gopalganj areas and ] dialect of ] in Sylhet and Assam.<ref>Marginal Muslim Communities in India edited by M.K.A Siddiqui pages 203-211</ref> | ||
| During the British rule, many prominent families of the ] Gayen community converted to ]. The Gayens were a wealthy and influential family<ref>http://www.zamindar.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22&Itemid=16</ref> |
During the British rule, many prominent families of the ] Gayen community converted to ]. The Gayens were a wealthy and influential family,<ref>http://www.zamindar.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22&Itemid=16</ref> and had one of the highest literacy rates as compared to others in the Bengal region. Christian Gayen families were prominent ] in Bangladesh before the ].<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)</ref> | ||
| ==Present circumstances== | ==Present circumstances== | ||
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| The family still owns a house on Shyambazar Street in north Kolkata and the Gayen Bari in Dhanyakuria village . Most of the members have moved out due to professional reasons but the main property Gayen Bari is still resided by the descendants. Their annual ] is a grand affair which is flocked by thousands of visitors. The property is sometimes used for shootings but nowadays it has become rare. Shyamsundar Jiur is their family deity who was established around 1821.<ref>http://www.zamindar.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22&Itemid=16</ref>] | The family still owns a house on Shyambazar Street in north Kolkata and the Gayen Bari in Dhanyakuria village . Most of the members have moved out due to professional reasons but the main property Gayen Bari is still resided by the descendants. Their annual ] is a grand affair which is flocked by thousands of visitors. The property is sometimes used for shootings but nowadays it has become rare. Shyamsundar Jiur is their family deity who was established around 1821.<ref>http://www.zamindar.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22&Itemid=16</ref>] | ||
| The Muslim Gayens' historic occupation was singing devotional songs, many have now taken to cultivation, business, government job, research or raising livestock as a subsidiary occupation. They are considered to be a part of the ], unlike their Hindu and Christian counter-parts who are ]. The Muslim community live in multi-caste villages, occupying their own quarters. Each of their settlement contains a ], or informal caste association, which acts as an instrument of social control. | The Muslim Gayens' historic occupation was singing devotional songs, many have now taken to cultivation, business, government job, research or raising livestock as a subsidiary occupation. They are considered to be a part of the ], unlike their Hindu and Christian counter-parts who are ]s. The Muslim community live in multi-caste villages, occupying their own quarters. Each of their settlement contains a ], or informal caste association, which acts as an instrument of social control. | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 05:04, 27 October 2014
The Gayen (also Gain, anglicized) (Bengali: গাইন, pronounced Ga-yen) are an Indo-Aryan Bengali community belonging to the Kayastha (Baidya, in some cases) caste. The Bengali Kayasthas evolved as a caste from a category of officials or scribes, between the 5th/6th century AD and 11th/12th century AD, its component elements being putative Kshatriyas and mostly Brahmins.
They are found mainly in the states of Assam and West Bengal in India. A few are also found in the Sylhet district of Bangladesh. The Muslim Gayens consider themselves a sub-group with the larger Faqir ethnic group of South Asia.
Origin
The Gayen are an Indo-Aryan Bengali community, belonging to various religions. The Muslims consist of musicians who used to sing Sufi devotional songs in praise of the Sufi Hazrat Shah Jalal, after their conversion from Hinduism. They trace their descent from a Jehad Gayen, who is said to have accompanied Hazrat Shah Jalal to Sylhet. Little is known as to the ethnic origin of Jehad Gayen, other than that he came from outside Bengal, possibly Persia. The descendents of Jehad Gayen have continued to sing songs in devotion to Shah Jalal, in respect of their ancestor and Gazi Song during Islamic movement (Islamic renaissance in Faridpur and Barisal Areas). The community is found mainly in the districts of Karimganj, Hailakandi and Silchar District in Assam, Jalpaiguri in West Bengal and Barisal, Sylhet and Gopalganj District in Bangladesh. They speak the Local Bengali in Barisal and Gopalganj areas and Sylheti dialect of Bengali in Sylhet and Assam.
During the British rule, many prominent families of the Hindu Gayen community converted to Christianity. The Gayens were a wealthy and influential family, and had one of the highest literacy rates as compared to others in the Bengal region. Christian Gayen families were prominent Protestant Missionaries in Bangladesh before the Partition of Bengal.
Present circumstances
There are a lot of prominent Hindu and Christian members of the Gayen community living in various parts of Bengal, such as Kolkata and Durgapur. Gayen Estate was founded by Gopichand Gayen nearly 200 years ago when he arrived from the then undivided portion of East Bengal in Basirhat. He was extremely successful in trade and commerce which was further expanded by his son Mahendranath Gayen. The family established their zamindari in Dhanyakuria and was one of the three zamindars alongwith the Shaus and Ballabhs. The family owned multiple properties and was very much into welfare and charitable causes. The family built the Basirhat Town Hall along with Basirhat Hospital and also the High School and Primary Dispensary in their village Dhanyakuria. The family owned the Dhanyakuria Castle which is now acquired by the State Govt and runs an orphanage there.
The family still owns a house on Shyambazar Street in north Kolkata and the Gayen Bari in Dhanyakuria village . Most of the members have moved out due to professional reasons but the main property Gayen Bari is still resided by the descendants. Their annual Durga Puja is a grand affair which is flocked by thousands of visitors. The property is sometimes used for shootings but nowadays it has become rare. Shyamsundar Jiur is their family deity who was established around 1821.
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The Muslim Gayens' historic occupation was singing devotional songs, many have now taken to cultivation, business, government job, research or raising livestock as a subsidiary occupation. They are considered to be a part of the OBC Category, unlike their Hindu and Christian counter-parts who are Forward castes. The Muslim community live in multi-caste villages, occupying their own quarters. Each of their settlement contains a Panchayat, or informal caste association, which acts as an instrument of social control.
See also
References
- http://books.google.co.in/books?id=bCVyhH5VDjAC&redir_esc=y
- Marginal Muslim Communities in India edited by M.K.A Siddiqui pages 203-211
- Marginal Muslim Communities in India edited by M.K.A Siddiqui pages 203-211
- http://www.zamindar.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22&Itemid=16
- http://en.wikipedia.org/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)
- http://www.zamindar.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22&Itemid=16