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| ==Description and construction== | ==Description and construction== | ||
| The boats had an ] of {{convert| |
The boats had an ] of {{convert|58.2|m|ft|abbr=on}}, a ] of {{convert|5.7|m|ft|abbr=on}}, and a normal draught of {{convert|1.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}. While their designed displacement was {{convert|262|LT}}, they displaced about {{convert|320|LT}} fully loaded. The crew consisted of 39 officers and enlisted men. The boats were powered by a ] ] driving two propellors, using steam generated by two ] ]s, one of which burned ] and the other coal. The turbine was rated at {{convert|5000|shp|lk=in|abbr=on}} with a maximum output of {{convert|6000|shp|lk=no|abbr=on}} and designed to reach a top speed of {{convert|28|kn|km/h}}. They carried enough coal and fuel oil to give them a range of {{convert|980|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|16|kn}}.{{sfn|Greger|1976|p=58}} | ||
| The boats were originally to be armed with three 30 |
The boats were originally to be armed with three {{convert|66|mm|in|abbr=on}}L/30{{refn|L/30 denotes the length of the gun. In this case, the L/30 gun is 30 ], meaning that the gun was 30 times as long as the diameter of its bore.|group = lower-alpha}} guns, but this was reduced to two before the first boat was completed.{{sfn|Gardiner|1985|p=339}} They were also equipped with four {{convert|450|mm|in|abbr=on}} ], and could carry 10–12 ]s. ''Tb 76 T'' was the third of its class to be completed, and was laid down on 24 June 1913, launched on 15 December 1913, and completed on 20 July 1914. Eight boats were completed between February and December 1914, designated ''Tb 74 T'' – ''Tb 81 T''.{{sfn|Greger|1976|p=58}} In 1914, one {{convert|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} ] was added.{{sfn|Gardiner|1985|p=339}} | ||
| ==Career== | ==Career== | ||
Revision as of 00:29, 28 January 2015
| History | |
|---|---|
 Austria-Hungary | |
| Name | Tb 78 T |
| Builder | Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino |
| Laid down | 22 October 1913 |
| Launched | 4 March 1914 |
| Commissioned | 23 August 1914 |
| Out of service | 1918 |
| Fate | Assigned to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes |
| History | |
 Kingdom of Yugoslavia | |
| Name | T3 |
| Acquired | March 1921 |
| Out of service | April 1941 |
| Fate | Captured by Italy |
| History | |
 Italy | |
| Name | T3 |
| Acquired | April 1941 |
| Out of service | 16 September 1943 |
| Fate | Captured by Germany at Rijeka |
| History | |
 Third Reich | |
| Name | TA48 |
| Acquired | 16 September 1943 |
| Out of service | 1945 |
| Fate | Sunk at Trieste by Allied bombing on 20 February 1945 |
| Notes | crewed by Croatian sailors |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Tb 74 T-class sea-going torpedo boat |
| Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) 262 long tons (266 t) (design) 267.3 long tons (271.6 t) (fully loaded) |
| Length | 57.8 m (190 ft) |
| Beam | 5.8 m (19 ft) |
| Draught | 1.5 m (4.9 ft) |
| Installed power | list error: <br /> list (help) 5,000 shp (3,700 kW) 2 x Yarrow water-tube boilers |
| Propulsion | 2-shaft Parsons steam turbine |
| Speed | 28 knots (52 km/h) |
| Range | 220 nmi (410 km; 250 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) |
| Complement | 41–52 officers and enlisted |
| Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) 2 x 66 mm (2.6 in)/30 guns 1 x 8 mm (0.31 in) machine gun 2 x 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes |
The Yugoslav torpedo boat T3 was a torpedo boat built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy as Tb 78 T in 1914. She saw active service during World War I, and after the defeat of Austria-Hungary in 1918, she was allocated to the Royal Yugoslav Navy (Template:Lang-sh) and was renamed T3. During the invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, it was captured by the Royal Italian Navy (Template:Lang-it) and saw active service under its Yugoslav designation. Following the Italian capitulation in September 1943, she was captured by the Third Reich's Kriegsmarine (navy) and redesignated TA48. In German service her crew consisted entirely of Croatian officers and enlisted men. She was sunk by the Royal Air Force in February 1945 while in the port of Trieste.
Background
In 1910, the Austria-Hungary Naval Technical Committee initiated the design and development of a 275 long tons (279 t) coastal torpedo boat, specifying that it should be capable of sustaining 30 knots (56 km/h) for 10 hours. This specification was based an expectation that the Strait of Otranto, where the Adriatic Sea meets the Ionian Sea, would be blockaded by hostile forces during a future conflict. In such circumstances, there would be a need for a torpedo boat that could sail from the Austro-Hungarian Navy base at Cattaro to the Strait during darkness, locate and attack blockading ships and return to port before morning. Turbine power was selected for propulsion. Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino of Trieste was selected for the contract to build eight vessels, ahead of one other tenderer.
Description and construction
The boats had an overall length of 58.2 m (191 ft), a beam of 5.7 m (19 ft), and a normal draught of 1.5 m (4.9 ft). While their designed displacement was 262 long tons (266 t), they displaced about 320 long tons (330 t) fully loaded. The crew consisted of 39 officers and enlisted men. The boats were powered by a Parsons steam turbine driving two propellors, using steam generated by two Yarrow water-tube boilers, one of which burned fuel oil and the other coal. The turbine was rated at 5,000 shp (3,700 kW) with a maximum output of 6,000 shp (4,500 kW) and designed to reach a top speed of 28 knots (52 km/h). They carried enough coal and fuel oil to give them a range of 980 nmi (1,810 km; 1,130 mi) at 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph).
The boats were originally to be armed with three 66 mm (2.6 in)L/30 guns, but this was reduced to two before the first boat was completed. They were also equipped with four 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes, and could carry 10–12 naval mines. Tb 76 T was the third of its class to be completed, and was laid down on 24 June 1913, launched on 15 December 1913, and completed on 20 July 1914. Eight boats were completed between February and December 1914, designated Tb 74 T – Tb 81 T. In 1914, one 8 mm (0.31 in) machine gun was added.
Career
The 250t class ("T" Group) were the first small Austro-Hungarian Navy boats to use turbines, and this contributed to ongoing problems with the boats. During World War I, Tb 78 T was used for convoy, escort and minesweeping tasks, and anti-submarine operations, and in 1917, a single 66 mm (2.6 in)/L30 anti-aircraft gun replaced one of the naval guns of the same bore. She survived the war intact, and under the terms of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye concluded in September 1919, she was allocated to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (KSCS, later Yugoslavia) in 1920, along with three other 250t class ("T" Group) sea-going torpedo boats, Tb 76 T, Tb 77 T and Tb 79 T. In KSCS and Yugoslav service, Tb 78 T was re-named T3.
In April 1941, Yugoslavia was invaded by the Axis powers, and T3 was captured by the Royal Italian Navy (Template:Lang-it) and was operated by them under her Yugoslav designation. When the Italians capitulated in September 1943, the Kriegsmarine seized T3 in the port of Rijeka and renamed her TA48. During her time in German service she was crewed exclusively by Croatian officers and sailors, and her complement was increased to 52. The Germans fitted her with two single 20 mm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft guns. She was sunk in the port of Trieste by the Royal Air Force on 20 February 1945.
Notes
- ^ Gardiner 1985, p. 339.
- ^ Greger 1976, p. 58.
- Lenton 1975, p. 107.
- Chesneau 1980, p. 357.
References
- Chesneau, Roger, ed. (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1922–1946. London, England: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 978-0-85177-146-5.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1906–1921. London, England: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 978-0-85177-245-5.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Greger, René (1976). Austro-Hungarian Warships of World War I. London, England: Allan. ISBN 978-0-7110-0623-2.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Lenton, H.T. (1975). German Warships of the Second World War. London, England: Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 978-0-356-04661-7.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Niehorster, Dr. Leo (2013). "Balkan Operations Order of Battle Royal Yugoslavian Navy Coastal Defense Command 6th April 1941". Dr. Leo Niehorster. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
{{cite web}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- Use dmy dates from September 2013
- Ships built in Trieste
- Torpedo boats of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
- World War I torpedo boats of Austria-Hungary
- Ships of the Royal Yugoslav Navy
- Naval ships of Yugoslavia captured by Italy during World War II
- Naval ships of Italy captured by Germany during World War II
- 1914 ships
- World War II naval ships of Yugoslavia
- Ships sunk by aircraft
- Shipwrecks in the Adriatic