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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
<!-- This article was auto-generated by ]. -->
{{Speciesbox
{{taxobox
|image = Sideroxylon_mirmulano_leaves.jpg
⚫ |status = VU
|image_caption = An example of ''Sideroxylon mirmulano'' (ironwood) at the Lisbon Botanical Garden in Portugal
⚫ |status_system = IUCN2.3
⚫ |status = EN
|regnum = ]
⚫ |status_system = IUCN3.1
|unranked_divisio = ]
|status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Fernandes, F. |date=2017 |title=''Sideroxylon mirmulans'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T30336A2792815 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T30336A2792815.en |access-date=15 November 2021}}</ref>
|unranked_classis = ]
⚫ |taxon = Sideroxylon mirmulano
|unranked_ordo = ]
⚫ |authority = ] in C.L.von Buch (1828)<ref name = powo/>
|ordo = ]
|synonyms =
|familia = ]
*''Calvaria mirmulano'' {{small|(Sol. ex Lowe) Dubard (1912)}}
|genus = '']''
⚫ *''Sideroxylon mermulana'' {{small|Sol. ex Lowe (1831), orth. var.}}
|species = '''''S. mirmulano'''''
|synonyms_ref = <ref name = powo> '']''. Retrieved 5 July 2023.</ref>
⚫ |binomial = ''Sideroxylon mirmulano''
⚫ }}
⚫ |binomial_authority = ] in C.L.von Buch
⚫ |synonyms = ''Sideroxylon mermulana'' Banks ex Lowe
⚫ |}}
⚫ '''''Sideroxylon mirmulano''''' is a species of ] in the ] family. It is found in ], ] (]), and ] (]). It is threatened by ].


⚫ '''''Sideroxylon mirmulano''''', commonly known as '''marmulano''', is a species of flowering plants in the family ]. It is endemic to the ] (]). It is threatened by ].<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" />
==Source==
* Bañares, A. ''et al.'' 1998. . Downloaded on ] ].


==Description==
⚫ ]
It is an evergreen {{convert|3|-|5|m|abbr=on}} high tree. Its leathery, elliptic leaves are {{convert|5|-|12|cm|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|3|-|6|cm|abbr=on}} wide. Its flowers are whitish rose to purple with 5 petals measuring up to {{convert|7|mm|abbr=on}}. Its fruit is a drupe, {{convert|1|to|1.5|cm|abbr=on}} long.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.azoresbioportal.angra.uac.pt/files/publicacoes_Vieraea_33_2005_9.pdf|title=The genus Sideroxylon (Sapotaceae) on the Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde archipelagoes|author=Lobin, W. |author2=Leyens, T. |author3=Santos, A. |author4=Costa Neves, H. |author5=Gomes, I. |journal=Vieraea|volume=33|year=2005|pages=119–144|doi=10.31939/vieraea.2005.33.11 |s2cid=127488358 }}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
The species is found on ], ] and ]. It is the dominant species in low coastal forests along the northern shore of Madeira from {{convert|0|to|80|m|abbr=on}} elevation, and in pockets on the southern side of the island between 200 and 300 meters elevation. It is commonly found with the shrubs '']'' and '']''.<ref name = capelo>Capelo, Jorge, Miguel Sequeira, Roberto Jardim, Sandra Mesquita, and José Carlos Costa (2005). "The vegetation of Madeira Island (Portugal). A brief overview and excursion guide". ''Quercetea'' 7: 95-122, 2005 ALFA, Lisboa, Portugal.</ref>

==Systematics==
The former subspecies ''marginata'' from Cape Verde is now considered a separate species: '']''.<ref>{{ThePlantList|id=kew-192002|Sideroxylon marginatum}}</ref> Plants from the Canary Islands are now considered '']''.<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Árvores e Florestas de Portugal - Açores e Madeira ("Trees and Flowers of Portugal: the Azores and Madeira"), Edic. Público, Comunicações, SA. Dep. law no. 254481/2007
* Press, J.R., Short, M.J., 1994. "Flora of Madeira". HMSO. London

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1332560}}

⚫ ]
]
]
] ]
]
]
]
]




{{Sapotaceae-stub}} {{Sapotaceae-stub}}

]

Latest revision as of 18:34, 17 January 2024

Species of flowering plant

Sideroxylon mirmulano
An example of Sideroxylon mirmulano (ironwood) at the Lisbon Botanical Garden in Portugal
Conservation status

Endangered  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Genus: Sideroxylon
Species: S. mirmulano
Binomial name
Sideroxylon mirmulano
R.Br. in C.L.von Buch (1828)
Synonyms
  • Calvaria mirmulano (Sol. ex Lowe) Dubard (1912)
  • Sideroxylon mermulana Sol. ex Lowe (1831), orth. var.

Sideroxylon mirmulano, commonly known as marmulano, is a species of flowering plants in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to the Madeira Islands (Portugal). It is threatened by habitat loss.

Description

It is an evergreen 3–5 m (9.8–16.4 ft) high tree. Its leathery, elliptic leaves are 5–12 cm (2.0–4.7 in) long and 3–6 cm (1.2–2.4 in) wide. Its flowers are whitish rose to purple with 5 petals measuring up to 7 mm (0.28 in). Its fruit is a drupe, 1 to 1.5 cm (0.39 to 0.59 in) long.

Distribution and habitat

The species is found on Madeira Island, Porto Santo Island and Desertas Islands. It is the dominant species in low coastal forests along the northern shore of Madeira from 0 to 80 m (0 to 262 ft) elevation, and in pockets on the southern side of the island between 200 and 300 meters elevation. It is commonly found with the shrubs Maytenus umbellata and Globularia salicina.

Systematics

The former subspecies marginata from Cape Verde is now considered a separate species: Sideroxylon marginatum. Plants from the Canary Islands are now considered Sideroxylon canariense.

References

  1. ^ Fernandes, F. (2017). "Sideroxylon mirmulans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T30336A2792815. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T30336A2792815.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. ^ Sideroxylon mirmulano R.Br. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  3. Lobin, W.; Leyens, T.; Santos, A.; Costa Neves, H.; Gomes, I. (2005). "The genus Sideroxylon (Sapotaceae) on the Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde archipelagoes" (PDF). Vieraea. 33: 119–144. doi:10.31939/vieraea.2005.33.11. S2CID 127488358.
  4. Capelo, Jorge, Miguel Sequeira, Roberto Jardim, Sandra Mesquita, and José Carlos Costa (2005). "The vegetation of Madeira Island (Portugal). A brief overview and excursion guide". Quercetea 7: 95-122, 2005 ALFA, Lisboa, Portugal.
  5. "Sideroxylon marginatum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online

Further reading

  • Árvores e Florestas de Portugal - Açores e Madeira ("Trees and Flowers of Portugal: the Azores and Madeira"), Edic. Público, Comunicações, SA. Dep. law no. 254481/2007
  • Press, J.R., Short, M.J., 1994. "Flora of Madeira". HMSO. London
Taxon identifiers
Sideroxylon mirmulano


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