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==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
] was once a huge source of employment in the county, but is now a very minor source, as the best and most available coal has been extracted. One of the manufacturing companies that once existed in Athens was the ], makers of the small automobile, the ]. | |||
] is now the largest employer in Athens County. Athens also houses a small array of manufacturing and technology related businesses, including Sunpower, Fastenall, and Gorman-Redlich. In addition to direct employment through the University, much of the local economy depends on tourism and events related to the university, through local restaurants, bars, stores and hotels. | ] is now the largest employer in Athens County. Athens also houses a small array of manufacturing and technology related businesses, including Sunpower, Fastenall, and Gorman-Redlich. In addition to direct employment through the University, much of the local economy depends on tourism and events related to the university, through local restaurants, bars, stores and hotels. | ||
Revision as of 21:23, 5 June 2012
This article is about the city in Ohio. For other uses, see Athens (disambiguation).This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
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Athens, Ohio | |
---|---|
City | |
Location in the state of Ohio | |
Country | United States |
State | Ohio |
County | Athens |
Government | |
• Mayor | Paul Wiehl (D) |
Area | |
• Total | 8.3 sq mi (21.6 km) |
• Land | 8.3 sq mi (21.6 km) |
• Water | 0.0 sq mi (0 km) |
Elevation | 719 ft (219 m) |
Population | |
• Total | 21,342 |
• Density | 2,560/sq mi (988/km) |
Time zone | UTC-5 (EST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
ZIP code | 45701 |
Area code | 740 |
FIPS code | 39-02736Template:GR |
GNIS feature ID | 1075290Template:GR |
Athens is the largest city in, and the county seat of, Athens County, Ohio, United States. It is located along the Hocking River in the southeastern part of Ohio. A historic college town, Athens is home to Ohio University (22,000+ students) and is the principal city of the Athens, Ohio Micropolitan Statistical Area. The official population of Athens in the 2010 U.S. Census was 23,832.
Athens is a qualified Tree City USA as recognized by the National Arbor Day Foundation.
History
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Athens was founded in the eastern region of the two major native american mound building groups, the Adena culture, c. 1000 B.C. to A.D. 200; the Ohio Hopewell tradition, c. 300 B.C. to A.D. 700. By the middle of the eighteenth century, the Shawnee, an Algonquian tribe, were the primary tribe of Native American Indians living in what would become Athens County. No settlement is shown in the Athens area on an 1794 map by Thomas Kitchin.
The first permanent European settlers arrived in Athens in 1797. In 1800, the town site was first surveyed and plotted, but was not incorporated as a village until 1811. In the meantime, Ohio became a state in 1803, and Ohio University was chartered in 1804 becoming the first public institution of higher learning in the Northwest Territory. Previously part of Washington County, Ohio, Athens County was formed in 1805, named for the ancient center of learning, Athens, Greece.
The establishment of Ohio University in Athens would mark the first federal endowment of an educational institution in the United States. In July 1787, the Congress of the Confederation gave to the Ohio Company of Associates “two townships of good land for the support of a literary institution” in the newly created Northwest Territory. During The First Session of the Second Territorial General Assembly, held in Chillicothe from November 23, 1801 to January 23, 1802, the General Assembly passed an act establishing the “American Western University” at Athens. The act was approved by Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the Northwest Territory on January 9, 1802. However, no university with the name of American Western University would be established. Ohio became a state in 1803 and on February 18, 1804, the state legislature passes an act establishing the "Ohio University" in the town of Athens. Athens received city status in 1912 following the 1910 census showing the population had passed 5,000 residents, the requirement for city status in Ohio.
Originally, large tracts of land (Athens and Alexander Townships) were set aside through a contract between the Congress (under the Articles of Confederation) and the Ohio Company of Associates, a group of American Revolutionary War veterans. These lands were given to Ohio University by the Federal government. This was the first federal land grant for a university, pre-dating the Morrill Act by more than 70 years. At first, lands were mostly leased out, but the failure of many lessors to pay their rents resulted in most of the land being sold. The sale of these lands funded the growth of Ohio University. Today it is one of the largest institutions of higher learning in Ohio, with an enrollment of over 19,000 on the Athens campus and over 28,000 for all campuses.
The earliest industry in the area was salt production, followed by iron production and coal extraction. Today, the largest employer in the county is Ohio University.
In 1843, the Hocking Canal opened, enabling shipping from the Ohio River up the Hocking River, which passes through Athens, to Nelsonville, Ohio, and points beyond. However, the canal was closed during cold winters when it froze over. The first railroad reached Athens in 1857. In the late 19th century, an interurban line opened between Athens and Nelsonville and operated for some years.
The Athens Lunatic Asylum, later called the Athens State Hospital, opened in 1874. This was located on high ground to the south of town and to the south of the Hocking River, and in the late 19th century was the town's largest employer. The state hospital was eventually decommissioned and the property was deeded to Ohio University. It is now known as The Ridges. Much of the building space has been renovated for offices and research space, and most of the grounds have been set aside as open space, including a land lab.
In 1904 the U.S. Army and the Ohio National Guard conducted joint training exercises near the city. Multiple US army regulars became drunk and were arrested by National Guard Provosts for causing disturbances. The arrests angered the regulars; on Friday a large contingent set out from camp to free an arrested comrade. The armed regulars were stopped by provosts and the ensuing quarrel quickly escalated into a shoot-out on Washington Street, during which one guardsman was killed and five others were wounded.
Geography
Athens is located in the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau. Athens is surrounded by hills that rise about three hundred feet from river valley to the narrow ridge tops. The county extends west from the Ohio River, mostly centered around the lower Hocking River watershed. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 8.3 square miles (21.5 km), all of it land.
Large sections of Athens and Ohio University are located in the floodplain of the Hocking River. Over the last two centuries the town suffered from many destructive floods, including notable floods in 1832, 1873, 1907, 1937, 1949, 1964 and 1968. In 1969 the Army Corps of Engineers completed a major work that rerouted and expanded the channel of the Hocking River, for a stretch of several miles around the town, moving the river hundreds of feet to the south. That project and the ongoing efforts to maintain the channel have greatly reduced the negative effects of seasonally high river levels.
Athens is located mostly on and around a south-jutting ridge bordered by a loop in the Hocking River. The underlying geology is mostly sandstone and shale, including "redbed" shale that presents a severe slip hazard when structures are built over it on hillsides. However, there are safe zones above sandstone beds, most notably the Connelsville Sandstone that outcrops high on the hillsides. The old Athens Mental Hospital grounds (now part of the university) was built on the top of a hillside in the late 1860s, and is completely stable due to its position atop the hill rather than on a slope. The recent University Courtyard Apartments is also built on similar underlying geology across a small valley, but the hilltop was extensively removed in order to create a stable base.
The city receives all its water supply from wells in unconsolidated river aquifers, and is reputed to be the largest city in the United States to do so.
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1810 | 578 | — | |
1820 | 1,094 | 89.3% | |
1830 | 728 | −33.5% | |
1840 | 710 | −2.5% | |
1850 | 808 | 13.8% | |
1860 | 2,852 | 253.0% | |
1870 | 1,696 | −40.5% | |
1880 | 2,457 | 44.9% | |
1890 | 2,620 | 6.6% | |
1900 | 3,066 | 17.0% | |
1910 | 5,463 | 78.2% | |
1920 | 6,418 | 17.5% | |
1930 | 7,252 | 13.0% | |
1940 | 7,696 | 6.1% | |
1950 | 11,660 | 51.5% | |
1960 | 16,470 | 41.3% | |
1970 | 23,310 | 41.5% | |
1980 | 19,801 | −15.1% | |
1990 | 21,265 | 7.4% | |
2000 | 21,342 | 0.4% | |
2010 | 23,832 | 11.7% |
As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there were 21,342 people, 6,271 households, and 1,906 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,560.4 people per square mile (988.0/km²). There were 6,715 housing units at an average density of 805.6 per square mile (310.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 89.16% White, 3.82% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 4.47% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.60% from other races, and 1.74% from two or more races. 1.41% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 6,271 households. 12.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them. 22.9% were married couples living together, 5.6% had a female head of household with no husband present, and 69.6% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.72.
In the city 6.7% of the population was under the age of 18, 66.7% were from 18 to 24, 13.7% were from 25 to 44, 8.0% were from 45 to 64, and 4.9% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $17,122, and the median income for a family was $53,391. Males had a median income of $35,849 versus $28,866 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,061. About 14.8% of families and 51.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.1% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Coal was once a huge source of employment in the county, but is now a very minor source, as the best and most available coal has been extracted. One of the manufacturing companies that once existed in Athens was the Midget Motors Corporation, makers of the small automobile, the King Midget. Ohio University is now the largest employer in Athens County. Athens also houses a small array of manufacturing and technology related businesses, including Sunpower, Fastenall, and Gorman-Redlich. In addition to direct employment through the University, much of the local economy depends on tourism and events related to the university, through local restaurants, bars, stores and hotels.
Arts and culture
Since the 1970s Athens has earned a reputation as one of the more progressive communities in Southeastern Ohio. That reputation includes democratic political leaning, presence of some intentional communities, support for use of alternative energy, development of small farms emphasizing sustainable and organic produced crops, and support for local businesses. Many of these attributes are illustrated the long established (since 1972) farmer's market currently held year round on Saturdays and Wednesdays at The Market on State on the city's east side.
Folklore
Old buildings, long established cemeteries and their conjunction at a decommissioned asylum, The Ridges, help inspire a persistent folk lore surrounding Athens as an especially haunted locale. Athens was vaunted as one of the top fifteen most haunted cities in America on the Fox Family Channel special "Scariest Places On Earth" that aired on October 23, 2000. Locals with knowledge of the history of the Ridges criticized the Fox portrayal as sensationalistic and misleading on details of the situation. While the haunted Athens folklore may be persistent, it is not clearly substantiated by professional investigative reporters.
Museums
- "Athens County Historical Society and Museum" Historic items relating to life in Athens County
- "The Dairy Barn Arts Center" Contemporary arts and crafts
- "Kennedy Museum of Art at Ohio University" Major collections include Southwest Native American textiles and jewelry. Contemporary prints.
- "Ohio Valley Museum of Discovery" Interactive children's center
Music
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Athens has a long musical tradition that includes local acts and events for touring musicians, performing at Ohio University and festivals in Athens. The folk song "Athens County" by Jonathan Edwards refers to Athens Ohio, where Edwards attended college in the 1970s.
Bands hailing from Athens include The Snapdragons, Appalachian Death Ride, She Bears, Southeast Engine, Papadosio, The Ridges and the metal band Skeletonwitch. Athens native Steve Reis, a founder of the Columbus, Ohio-based band McGuffey Lane named his band after a street in Athens.
In 1973, the Ohio Valley Summer Theater began a production called the Appalachian Green Parks Project. It featured music, dance, and theater derived from the Appalachian region. The group won the Governor's Award for Community Action, released an album of music, performed at the Sylvan Amphitheater in Washington, D.C. on July 4, 1974, made numerous television appearances, provided the soundtrack for an Ohio Department Of Natural Resources public service film titled Sweet Ohio, were designated as the official Bicentennial Touring Group for the state of Ohio, and were the subject of a documentary film during their four year run.
Two former members of the Appalachian Green Parks Project, Jim McGaw and Charlie Lewis began performing with Jimmy Prouty and went on to form the New Vinton County Frogwhompers Marching, Singing, Strumming and Plucking Society in 1976, which was to become one of the most popular groups to come out of the region in the 1970s.
Annual cultural events
Several significant annual festivals and events are held in or near Athens:
- Blackout Fest is held annually at The Union and features many up-and-coming national underground rock acts.
- The Athens Community Music Festival is held each August and features dozens of local bands.
- Concert "Under the Elms" is held on the OU College Green from late June until late July with the 'Communviersity Band' (made up of OU faculty, students, alumni as well as community members)
- The Ohio Brew Week has been held every year in Athens since 2006. It features the best of Ohio craft brews, a homebrew competition, and a wide variety of scheduled events.
- The Hockhocking Folk Festival is held annually in May at Hocking College. An audio slideshow of the event can be found in the Music in Athens series here
- High Street Festival - student spring street party
- Ark Fest and other student-organized festivals.
- The Athens Area Sustainability Festival is held annually at the beginning of October at the Athens Fairgrounds; it began in 2001.
- The Pawpaw Festival has been held annually since 1999 in September at Lake Snowden just southwest of Athens, near Albany.
- The annual Halloween bash in Athens caters to roughly 20,000 to 30,000 dressed up partygoers on four closed blocks of downtown streets. It is touted to be the third largest block party in the nation.
- The annual Boogie on the Bricks is a fast growing, all day event held in July. It allowed drinking of alcoholic beverages in the streets during a limited time for the first time in the history of the town in 2006.
- For many years, an annual Springfest was held on the OU Campus. Primarily due to changes in state alcohol laws, it was replaced by an annual event at Ervin's Big Red Barn (and field), a private "party-farm" just outside the city. After the move, the festival was originally called Derby days and, starting in 2004, the festival name is changed each year to represent the number of years it has been held (for example, 2011 was 8Fest).
- Athens DIY Fest (Do-It-Yourself Festival)
- Palmerfest and other street parties attended by mainly Ohio U students.
- Lobsterfest is an annual free concert hosted by Ohio U's All Campus Radio Network.
- Ohio University sponsors an annual Literary Festival every spring. The three-day festival began in 1986 and includes lectures and readings by visiting authors. Recent guests: Billy Collins, Amy Hempel, Marilynne Robinson, George Saunders, and Tobias Wolff.
- Since 1983, the 970WATH-Power 105 Chili Bowl has been an annual event and each year raises money for a charity. Currently it takes place in October, at The Market on State.
- Hookah in the hills, an annual festival held twice a year at Poston Lake Music Park in the Spring and Fall, featuring the Columbus based band Ekoostik Hookah, as well as other local bands.
- The annual Athens International Film and Video Festival is one of the few festivals that are on the official list of Academy Award-qualifying festivals.
Sports
Ohio University provides intercollegiate athletics Ohio Bobcats football, men's basketball, and women's volleyball. The 2010 Sporting News list of the "best sports cities" ranked Athens 98 out of 402 eligible cities, putting it ahead of much larger cities such as Norfolk, Virginia; El Paso, Texas; Spokane, Washington; and Fresno, California.
In addition to Ohio Bobcats athletics, Athens is home to the Southern Ohio Copperheads, a baseball team of the Great Lakes Summer Collegiate League.
Athens City Schools fields teams at the Middle School (7th & 8th grades) and at Athens High School as the 'Green & Gold' Bulldogs with over 14 male/female teams offered.
Parks and recreation
The City of Athens Ohio Community Recreation center offers programming in athletics, childcare, sports camps, community events and more. Located in the East State Street area, the center is accessible from the Hockhocking Adena Bikeway. Facilities include an outdoor swimming pool, a skate park, fitness equipment, an indoor walking and running track, event rental facilities, and playgrounds.
The Arts, Parks and Recreation Department actively supports a variety of initiatives. It sponsors adult summer and fall slow-pitch softball that is popular among residents in Athens and the county, though the separate men and women's leagues have fallen apart this year. Co-ed softball continues its popularity, however. Youth sports, such as soccer and little league, are also supported by local residents. In addition, the department maintains the Athens Skate Park, which is the second largest skate park in Ohio. Several city parks and play grounds. Soccer fields. Recreation center. Arts West. Athens operates two off-leash enclosed dog parks.
The City has been developing an extensive scenic trail system in the city lands, adjacent Strouds Run State Park, and the Blair Preserve owned by the Athens Conservancy.
Strouds Run State Park is located just outside the city, bordering the city line. This park features 2,606 acres (10.55 km) of wooded hills, including many bluffs and rock shelters, centered around a man-made lake. Camping is available.
The City of Athens has recently established the Strouds Ridge Preserve project, currently including some 345 acres (140 ha), to save land from development adjacent to the state park. This preserve includes an 85 acre (340,000 m²) old-growth forest known as "Hawk Woods", or, more formally, the Dale & Jacki Riddle State Nature Preserve. Also adjacent to the state park is the 75-acre (300,000 m) Blair Preserve, owned by the Athens Conservancy.
Bikeways
The Hockhocking Adena Bikeway is a multi-use asphalt trail with its main hub (mile marker 0) at the Athens Community Center on East State Street. The trail extends 16.4 miles (26.4 km) northwest to Robbins' Crossing and Hocking College in Nelsonville and on to the Rocky Brands complex near the Public Square, and approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) further east along East State Street to Holzer Clinic. Construction currently underway will extend the trail farther in this direction. Access points with parking are located at mile 4 at the West State Street Park, mile 10.2 off Rt. 682 in The Plains, and mile 16.4 at Robbins' Crossing and Hocking College. The trail, which generally follows the course of the Hocking River, provides access to the East State Street commercial areas, Ohio University's campus (at South Green and Peden Stadium), The Plains, and Hocking College. It is designed for walking, running, biking, cross-country skiing, skating, and wheelchairs. Additionally several city streets are marked as bike lanes.
Other trails
The Athens Trail Network is a multi-use trail network branching out from Sells' City Park at the end of Avon Place. A series of twelve trails and connectors branch out into the surrounding woods, heading eastwards to eventually connect with the trails of Strouds Run State Park. The trails are designed for hiking, running, and biking, although some sections are off-limits to bicycles. The trails provide scenic views of the East State Street commercial area and travel past and through notable features such as Sells Pond, Riddle State Nature Preserve (also known as Hawk Woods), Boulder Cove, Turtlehead Cave (also known as Blue Ash Rockhouse), Finger Rock, Pioneer Cemetery, and Dow Lake at Strouds Run State Park. The trail network is maintained by community and university volunteers.
Government
Athens is governed by a mayor/council form of government. The elected Mayor and the department heads (some of whom are elected) run the city's daily operations. Nine council members are the cities law-makers. The city is divided into wards and voters select a mayor, a council member representing their ward and three at-large council members in staggered four year terms. Athens is also covered by the Athens County Department of Health, the Athens County Planning Office, and Athens County Job and Family Services.
The City of Athens has a strict parking policy. Any vehicle parked for more than 48 hours on any city street will be taken by city order, and is subject to a minimum $145 redemption cost ($125 towing plus $20 ticket).
Education
Ohio University is a public university located in Athens that is situated on an 1,800-acre (7.3 km) campus. Founded in 1804, it is the oldest university in Ohio, oldest in the Northwest Territory, and ninth oldest public university in the United States.
In its 2010 edition, U.S. News & World Report ranked the university's undergraduate program 115th among national universities.
Outside of Ohio University, the residents of Athens are served by the Athens City School District made up of five elementary buildings: K-6 (Chauncey, East, Morrison, The Plains & West), a Middle School (grades 7-8) and Athens High School. They are also served by the Athens County Public Libraries with branches in Albany, Athens, Chauncey, Coolville, Glouster, Nelsonville, and The Plains.
Media
Newspapers
- The Athens Messenger, a daily newspaper published since 1848
- The Athens News, a free semi-weekly tabloid newspaper published since 1977
- The Post, the student newspaper of Ohio University
- ATHENSi.com, a community portal Web site run by the E.W. Scripps School of Journalism
- The Matrix, the student newspaper of Athens High School
Radio and television
City of Athens
- Athens Community Television Time Warner cable Channel 9
- The Government Channel Time Warner cable Channel 5
Nonprofit Low-Power Radio
- WEAK-LP-FM, 106.7, "Union Station" (Athens, oldies)
- WYWH-LP-FM, 104.5 FM (Christian) (3ABN Radio Network)
Ohio University
- FM Public Radio: WOUB-FM, 91.3 FM, NPR Affiliate, BBC, American Public Media, contemporary adult alternative music
- AM Public Radio: WOUB-AM, 1340 AM, Ohio University student-operated radio station
- Public Television: WOUB-TV, Digital channels 20.2, 20.3, 44.2, 44.3 PBS Affiliate
Commercial Radio
- WATH-AM, 970 AM (oldies) (Athens; Flagship of OU Baseball)
- WATH-FM 97.1 FM (Athens; 70s and 80s pop-rock music)
- WXTQ-FM, 105.5 (CHR) (Athens; Flagship of OU Men's Basketball and Football)
- WJKW, 95.9 FM (Athens; Contemporary Christian format)
Internet media
- Athens County Convention & Visitors Bureau a website with tourist attractions and calendar events
- The Athens Musician Network, a website founded in 1997 dedicated to archiving and promoting Athens' rich musical heritage. Site contains audio, video, venue information, musician blogs and more.
- The Athens Area Chamber of Commercea website highlighting member businesses, community calendar of events, economic development resources and membership services
Notable natives and residents
- Earl Cranston, an American Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church
- Dow Finsterwald, professional golfer best known for winning the 1958 PGA Championship.
- Atul Gawande, a surgeon who has written extensively on medicine and public health for The New Yorker and Slate, pieces which have been collected in his books Complications and Better.
- John Lefelhocz, Conceptual artist, Quilter - Variety of Media.
- Maya Lin, noted architect and designer of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
- Jon Loomis, American poet and writer.
- David Wilhelm, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1993 to 1994
- John Cumberland, prominent 1930s social activist.
- Kevin Hartman, Kansas City Wizards goalie.
- Mark Rosenberg, President Florida International University
- Skeletonwitch, thrash/black metal band
- Art Tripp, Athens-born percussionist notable for his work with Frank Zappa and Captain Beefheart, among others.
- Sandy Plunkett, comic book artist.
References
- "Athens County Profile - Ohio County Profiles - Ohio Department of Development - Office of Policy, Research and Planning" (PDF).
- "Tree Cities Around the Nation," ." Arbor Day Foundation, accessed 28 July 2008.
- Campbell, Joseph. The Way of the Animal Powers. Volume 1. Historical Atlas of World Mythology. London: Summerfield Press (1983)
- Mensonge, Joseph (2004). Early Inhabitants of the Ohio Valley. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press.
- Kitchin, Thomas and Earl W. De La Vergne. A General Map of the Middle Dominions Belonging to the United States of America. London: Laurie & Whittle (1794)
- Knight, George W. History and Management of Federal Land Grants for Education in the Northwest Territory. The Papers of the American Historical Association, Volume 1. New York & London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, The Knickerbocker Press (1886)
- The Biographical Annals of Ohio, 1906-1907-1908: A Handbook of the Government and Institutions of the State. Compiled Under the Authority of the Act of April 19, 1904 by A. P. Sandles, Clerk of the Senate, E. W. Doty, Clerk House of Representatives, 77th General Assembly. A revised and enlarged edition of Ohio Statesmen and Hundred Year Book by Col. W. A. Taylor (1892).
- A Legal History of the Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, including Resolutions of Congress, Contracts, Territorial and State Enactments, Judicial Decisions, etc. Compiled and Published by Authority of the Board of Trustees. Columbus, O.: Cott & Hann, Book Printers (1881)
- "War on the Streets of Athens". The Athens Messenger. 25 August 1905.
- Moore, Cyrus (October 16, 2011). "The Battle of Athens" (Interview). Interviewed by Ron Luce.
{{cite interview}}
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ignored (help) - ^ Straw, Richard. "Images of America: Athens" Arcadia Publishing. 2007.
- Exner,Rich. "Ohio presidential election results: A swing state without many swing counties." Cleveland.com. 2008. http://blog.cleveland.com/datacentral/2008/08/Ohio-Presidential-Election-Results-by-County-1992-1996-2000-2004.gif
- Athens Farmers Market.org http://www.athensfarmersmarket.org/index.php?page=AFMHistory
- Evans, Chris. "Fox ghost story more of a fish story." The Post. Wednesday, 25 October 2000. Accessed April 20, 2010.
- http://www.escapistart.com/adr/
- http://southeastengine.com/about.html
- http://www.myspace.com/skeletonwitch
- Sweet home Chicago: Best Sports City 2010
- "Hockhocking Adena Bikeway," ", Trail Link, 2007. Accessed 28 July 2008.
- "Athens Trail," ", Cycle Path. Accessed 28 July 2008.
- "Ohio University".
Further reading
- Beatty, Elizabeth G. and Marjorie S. Stone. Getting to Know Athens County. Athens, Ohio: The Stone House (1984)
- Daniel, Robert L. Athens, Ohio: The Village Years. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press (1997)
External links
Municipalities and communities of Athens County, Ohio, United States | ||
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County seat: Athens | ||
Cities | ||
Villages | ||
Townships | ||
CDPs | ||
Unincorporated communities | ||
Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |