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{{Infobox dog breed |
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{{Template:Infobox dog breed |
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|name = Ratonero Murciano de Huerta |
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| name = Ratonero Murciano |
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|altname = Murcian Ratter<br>Huerta Ratter<br>Ratonero Murciano |
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|country = ] (]) |
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| country = ], ] |
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<!-----Traits-----> |
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|weight = |
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|maleweight = {{convert|6.18|kg|lb|abbr=on}} |
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|femaleweight = {{convert|5.53|kg|lb|abbr=on}} |
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|maleheight = 35.25 cm |
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|femaleheight = 32.79 cm |
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|coat = short and smooth |
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|colour = tricolor, black-and-tan, black, black with white markings, cinnamon, cinnamon with white markings |
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|life_span = 14 or more |
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<!-----Classification and standards-----> |
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<!-----Notes-----> |
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The '''Ratonero Murciano''' is a ] of ] from the Spanish ].{{r|Gómez|La-Verdad}} The Ratonero Murciano was traditionally kept in Murcia as a mouse and rat hunter, it is claimed they descend from dogs introduced to the region by the ] who imported them from ].{{r|Gómez|La-Verdad}} In 1997 a breeding program was established to save the breed, by 2009 the program was up to its third generation, with 80 breeding specimens and a DNA testing program.{{r|Gómez|La-Verdad}} |
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'''Murcian Ratter''' (''Ratonero murciano'') or '''Huerta Ratter''' (''Ratonero murciano de huerta'')<ref name="Elliott"/> is a Spanish breed of dog originating from ].<ref name="estudio"/> Its name reflects its main occupation: hunting ]s and ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://www.caninanacionalaccam.es/razas/comisiones-de-raza/ratonero-murciano/historia-de-la-raza-ratonero-murciano/&prev=search&pto=aue |title=Historia de la Raza Rataenero Murciano |language=Spanish |publisher=Canina Nacional ACCM |accessdate=July 15, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Miércoles">{{cite news |url=https://www.laverdad.es/murcia/20090930/region/asociacion-canina-pide-perro-20090930.html|title=La asociación canina pide que el perro ratonero murciano se considere raza autóctona |author=Miércoles |date=September 30, 2009 |quote=The Murcian canine association expects the Ministry of the Environment, Rural and Marine Affairs to approve the official breed standard of the native breed of the Murcian ratter dog, which will give recognition and pedigree to these small dogs that have been common in the Murcian orchard for centuries. The General Directorate of Livestock of the Government of Murcia has already recognized the Murcian terrier as an indigenous breed. |language=Spanish |newspaper=] |accessdate=July 23, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/municipios/2009/09/30/municipios-busca-pedigri-perro-ratonero-murciano/200868.html |title=Lorca:En busca del pedigrí del perro ratonero murciano La Asociación Canina espera que el Ministerio apruebe el estándar racial oficial de esta raza, habitual de la huerta |first1=Francisco |last1=Gómez |date=March 9, 2009 |newspaper=]|language=Spanish|accessdate=July 23, 2020}}</ref> |
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The Ratonero Murciano is described as a compact, short haired, active dog, well suited to its role as a rat hunter.{{r|La-Verdad}} |
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== Origin == |
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A local ] has existed in the region of Murcia since the 16th or 17th century. During that era it was known as ''Canis villaticus'' ("Farm dog") and ''Perro de huerta'' ("Huerta dog"). ] refers to the fertile cultivation area of the region. In the 18th century, the breed was called ''Perro de acequias'' ("Dog of irrigation ditches"), which referred to the fact that it killed rats that were found in irrigation canals. It increased its popularity as a rat-catcher and a playmate of children. The local farmers used it both as a ratter and a companion, as well as a protector of the house. It caught rats and mice in stables, cellars and barns, but it was also used for rabbit and hare hunting.<ref name="Elliott">{{cite web |url=https://www.dogzone.com/breeds/ratonero-murciano-de-huerta/ |title=Ratonero Murciano de Huerta |first1=Pippa |last1=Elliott |accessdate=July 14, 2020 |publisher=dogzone.com |quote=However with changing farming practices the niche filled by the Murcian Ratter niche became redundant. The result being that this once popular dog is now considered a rare breed.|language=Spanish }}</ref><ref name="estudio">{{cite web |publisher=Asociación oficial del ratonero murciano |url=http://www.caninanacionalaccam.es/pdf/ratonero_murciano.pdf |title=''Estudio sobre el ratonero murciano: Asociación canina de la comunidad autónoma de Murcia |format=] |accessdate=July 15, 2015 |language=Spanish}}</ref> |
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The instincts of the Murcian Ratter had developed during the modern age both through crossing and inbreeding. As the result, there was a dog who had both rat-catching instinct and agility and the small size of the ancient dogs that were imported from far away. According to one theory, the breed descends from crosses between imported terriers and local dogs. Another theory states that its ancestors might have been Carthaginian, Roman or Egyptian dogs brought to the area by sailors. It might have been crossed with the ] during the 19th and 20th century, but it is more likely that it has been crossed with the ] or ]. These kinds of dogs were also used on boats and it is likely that English tradesmen had influence on its arrival to the region.<ref name="estudio"/><ref name="Vandersteen">{{cite web |url=https://www.milouchouchou.com/les-races-rares/ratonero-murciano-de-huerta |title=Ratonero Murciano de Huerta |first1=Francis |last1=Vandersteen|language=French |publisher= Milou mon Chouchou, mon ami: Toutes les races de canidés et de félidés dans le monde |accessdate=July 15, 2020}}</ref> Terriers, and mixed breed terriers have long been described as great Ratter.<ref name="SP">{{cite news |last1=Judy |first1=Capt. Will |title=Dog Talks |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/sheboygan-press-may-12-1954-p-34/ |accessdate=16 July 2020 |newspaper=] |date=12 May 1954}}</ref><ref name="BSG">{{cite news |title=Ratter Terriers |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/boston-sunday-globe-dec-05-1915-p-165/ |accessdate=16 July 2020 |newspaper=] |date=5 December 1915}}</ref><ref name="Lowell Sun">{{cite news |title=The Irish Terrier |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-jun-16-1915-p-5/ |accessdate=16 July 2020 |agency=The Sun Sporting Page |newspaper=] |date=16 June 1915}}</ref> |
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In the 18th century, the Murcian Ratter had developed into the form it is known today. In the late 19th and early 20th century, it was already very popular in the region. Breeding was very strict and breeders avoided crossing it with the ] and ], as purity was much appreciated. As breeding was focused on certain families which were devoted to purity, this led to remarkable inbreeding. Due to this, its characteristics became more homogenous. It became strong, agile and fast in its work.<ref name="estudio"/> |
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In the late 18th century and mid-19th century, the majority of the population was concentrated in the county of ]. However, they were also popular in Vega Alta del Segura (Cieza, Abarán), Alto Guadalentín, Bajo Guadalentín (Totana, Lorca, Alhama), Valle de Ricote (Archena, Villanueva del Río Segura, Ulea), Río Mula (Campos del Río, Mula, Albudeite), Noroeste (Calasparra, Caravaca de la Cruz, Cehegín), Campo de Cartagena (Cartagena, Fuente Álamo) and Comarca del Mar.<ref name="estudio"/> |
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While the region and its economic activities developed, the numbers of the breed started to decrease. In the 20th century, it was already isolated to very small regions of Murcia. Its breeding was still continued in Bajo Guadalentín and Alto Guadalentín and the highest number of individuals was found in the municipality of ]. It was still appreciated in local factories and mills as an efficient ratter. In other municipalities of the region, it was used as a protector of rabbits.<ref name="estudio"/> |
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In 1935, Don Pedro Manzanera Cano started to rescue Ratoneros in Rambilla de San Lazaro area of Lorca. He received his first pair of dogs from the mill of Don Juan de Dios Valdés and later he got one male and three females more from the same place. After receiving a male from La Rambla Mill, Manzanera started breeding program in the neighborhood of San Jose. His dogs spread also to the neighborhoods of San Juan, Santa María, San Pedro etc. Manzanera used his dogs also for hunting rabbits and although the size of the dogs varied from 28 cm to 40 cm, the smaller size was more practical in this task.<ref name="estudio"/> |
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Today, the Murcian Ratter is more popular as a pet than as a ratter or hunter. However, it is still nowadays used also as a hunter and protector in several places in Murcia.<ref name="estudio"/> |
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The breed has been compared with other ] that originated in Spain, namely: ]; Ratonero Murciano de Huerta; and ]. Their traits, intelligence, trainability, sociability, and behavior are all similar, but they differ only in size, color and conformation. None of these breeds is recognized by the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dogell.com/en/compare-dog-breeds/ratonero-bodeguero-andaluz-vs-ratonero-murciano-de-huerta-vs-ratonero-valenciano |title=Comparison: Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz; Ratonero Murciano de Huerta; and Ratonero Valenciano {{ndash|}} Which one is a better dog breed for you? |language=Spanish}}</ref> In 1914 the '']'' included an entry for a mixed breed ].<ref name="PI">{{cite news |title=Terrier Collie |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/philadelphia-inquirer-jul-05-1914-p-18/ |accessdate=16 July 2020 |newspaper=] |date=5 July 1914}}</ref> |
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The association's spokesperson, María Eugenia Rivelles, said the breed was rejuvenated by a recovery program begun in 1997. This allowed the existence of pure specimens of the Murcian buzzard with genealogy or pedigree of up to three generations. DNA testing has begun. "There are currently 80 identified breeders."<ref name="Miércoles"/> |
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They are a rare breed, but are enjoying a limited resurgence in popularity due to their sociability and family friendly disposition.<ref name="Elliott"/> |
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== Appearance == |
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The Murcian Ratter resembles the ] and ]. The height of males is 35.25 cm and the height of females 32.79 cm. The males weight 6.18 kg and females 5.53 kg. The most common colors are tricolor and black-and-tan. Other colors include black, black with white markings, cinnamon, and cinnamon with white markings. Ears are erect and eyes either round or oval-shaped. The color of the eyes is either black or brown. The tail is either naturally stumpy or docked.<ref name="estudio"/> |
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== Health == |
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A typical characteristic of the breed is its longevity. For example, a female named Estrella has achieved the age of 23 years. Usually the average life expectancy is 14 years or more.<ref name="estudio"/> |
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==See also== |
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=== Spanish Ratoneros === |
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In Spain, there are five ''ratoneros'', so called rat-hunting dogs {{ndash}} all local breeds originating in a specific area: |
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* ], Andalusian Ratter<ref name="rsce">. Real Sociedad Canina de España. (in Spanish) Retrieved May 24th 2014.</ref> |
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* ], Majorca Ratter<ref>. Club del Ca Rater Mallorquí. (in Spanish) Retrieved May 24th 2014.</ref> |
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* ], Valencian Ratter<ref name="rsce"/> |
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* ], Basque Ratter<ref name= |
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Mattias">Castillo Matías, J. & Mediavilla Iglesias, M. (April 2008). . ''Los 26 tesoros de nuestra comunidad'', p. 72. Spain: La Anunciata Ikerketa. (in Spanish) retrieved May 25 2014.</ref> |
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== References == |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Reflist|refs= |
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<ref name=Gómez>{{cite news |last=Gómez |first=Francisco |date=30 September 2009 |title=En busca del pedigrí del perro ratonero murciano |url=https://www.laopiniondemurcia.es/municipios/2009/09/30/municipios-busca-pedigri-perro-ratonero-murciano/200868.html |language=Spanish |work=La Opinión de Murcia |location=] |access-date=23 July 2020 }}</ref> |
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==Further reading== |
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*{{cite book |title=Murcian Ratter Training Guide Murcian Ratter Training Book |first1=Luke |last1=Bailey |type=Paperback}} |
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<ref name=La-Verdad>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=30 September 2009 |title=La asociación canina pide que el perro ratonero murciano se considere raza autóctona |url=https://www.laverdad.es/murcia/20090930/region/asociacion-canina-pide-perro-20090930.html |language=Spanish |work=] |location=] |access-date=23 July 2020 }}</ref> |
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*{{cite book |url=https://books.google.es/books?id=KirKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT122 |page=122 |last1=Manuel |first1=Jose |last2=Veiga |first2=Ferro |date=January 2020 |title=Maltrato Animal|language=Spanish}} |
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*{{cite book |title=Murcian Ratter Activities Murcian Ratter Tricks, Games & Agility Includes: Murcian Ratter Beginner to Advanced Tricks, Fun Games, Agility & More |first1=William |last1=Morgan |type=Paperback}} |
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==External links== |
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==External links== |
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{{Terriers}} |
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{{Terriers}} |
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{{dog-stub}} |
The Ratonero Murciano is described as a compact, short haired, active dog, well suited to its role as a rat hunter.
