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| image = FrederickWilliamFranz-atBrooklynBethel.png | image = FrederickWilliamFranz-atBrooklynBethel.png
| image_size = | image_size =
⚫ | birth_date = September 12, 1893
| caption = Frederick William Franz
⚫ | birth_date = 12 September 1893
| birth_place = ], U.S. | birth_place = ], U.S.
| death_date = 22 December 1992 (aged 99) | death_date = December 22, 1992 (aged 99)
|death_place= ], U.S. | death_place = ], U.S.
| known_for = President of the ]
| relations = ] (nephew)
}} }}
'''Frederick William Franz''' (September 12, 1893 – December 22, 1992) served as President of the ], the legal entity used to administer the work of ]. He had previously served as Vice President of the same corporation from 1945 until 1977 when he replaced ] as president. He was also a member of the ], which assumed over-all control of all Jehovah's Witness corporations in 1976. <ref name="Proclaimers">''Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom'', Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1993, page 111.</ref> '''Frederick William Franz''' (September 12, 1893 – December 22, 1992) was an American religious leader who served as president of the ], the legal entity used to administer the work of ]. He had previously served as vice president of the same corporation from 1945 until 1977 when he replaced ] as president. He was also a member of the ], which assumed over-all control of all Jehovah's Witness corporations in 1976. <ref name="Proclaimers">''Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom'', Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1993, page 111.</ref>


==Early life and education==
==Biography==
Franz was born on September 12, 1893 in ]. He was baptized in the Lutheran Church, but attended Catholic services as a child as a matter of convenience, before later attending the ] Church.<ref name= "looking">"Looking Back Over 93 Years of Living", ''The Watchtower'', May 1, 1987, page 22-30.</ref> He graduated from ] in ], Ohio in 1911 and attended the ] where he studied liberal arts and later (for two years) Biblical ],<ref name="Proclaimers" /><ref name="penton">{{cite book | last = Penton| first = M. James | authorlink = James Penton| title = Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses| publisher = University of Toronto Press| year = 1997|edition=2nd| page=174|isbn = 0-8020-7973-3}}</ref> with the intention of becoming a Presbyterian preacher.<ref name="looking" /> He knew German and could read Latin, Greek and in later years self-taught Spanish, Portuguese, French and Hebrew. <ref name= "penton" /><ref>{{cite book | last = Chryssides |first = George| title = Jehovah's Witnesses: Continuity and Change | publisher = Ashgate publishing| year = 2016 |chapter= Chapter 7: The Bible | quote = Raymond Franz claims that only his uncle had a reasonable knowledge of Greek ... but apparently he self taught himself Hebrew. ...the committee nonetheless succeeded in producing an independent translation of the Bible, which is quite a remarkable achievement. }}</ref> His association with the ] began after he read some of the literature of ]. He was baptized as a Bible Student on either November 30, 1913,<ref>"Rewarded With the Crown of Life", ''The Watchtower'', March 15, 1993, pages 31, 32.</ref> or, in Franz's own account, April 5, 1914.<ref>"Looking Back Over 93 Years of Living", The Watchtower", May 1, 1987, page 25</ref> Franz was born on September 12, 1893 in ]. He was baptized in the Lutheran Church, but attended Catholic services as a child as a matter of convenience, before later attending the ] Church.<ref name= "looking">"Looking Back Over 93 Years of Living", ''The Watchtower'', May 1, 1987, page 22-30.</ref> He graduated from ] in ], Ohio in 1911 and attended the ], where he studied liberal arts and Biblical ],<ref name="Proclaimers" /><ref name="penton">{{cite book | last = Penton| first = M. James | authorlink = James Penton| title = Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses| publisher = University of Toronto Press| year = 1997|edition=2nd| page=174|isbn = 0-8020-7973-3}}</ref> with the intention of becoming a Presbyterian preacher.<ref name="looking" /> He knew German and could read Latin, Greek and in later years self-taught Spanish, Portuguese, French and Hebrew. <ref name= "penton" /><ref>{{cite book | last = Chryssides |first = George| title = Jehovah's Witnesses: Continuity and Change | publisher = Ashgate publishing| year = 2016 |chapter= Chapter 7: The Bible | quote = Raymond Franz claims that only his uncle had a reasonable knowledge of Greek ... but apparently he self taught himself Hebrew. ...the committee nonetheless succeeded in producing an independent translation of the Bible, which is quite a remarkable achievement. }}</ref>


== Career ==
⚫ In 1920 he joined the Watch Tower headquarters staff in ], ]<ref name="looking" /> and in 1926 became a member of the editorial staff as a Bible researcher and writer for the Society’s publications. Upon the death of Watch Tower president ], Franz became head of the editorial department, and in 1945 he replaced ] as vice-president of the Watch Tower Society.<ref>Walsh vs Honorable James Latham, Court of Session Scotland, 1954, examination of Frederick Franz pp. 5-6</ref> Franz was the Society's leading theologian<ref>{{cite book | last = Rogerson |first = Alan| title = Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah's Witnesses | publisher = Constable & Co, London| year = 1969 | page = 66 |isbn = 009-455940-6}}</ref> and has been named as a leading figure in the preparation of the Witnesses' '']'' of the ].<ref>Michael Marlowe editor, , published online by Bible Research</ref><ref>{{Citation |last = Wills |first = Tony |title = A People For His Name | publisher = Lulu Enterprises |year = 2006 | page=253 |isbn= 978-1-4303-0100-4}}</ref> His nephew and fellow Governing Body member ] resigned from the Governing Body and was subsequently ] in 1982 during F. W. Franz's presidency.<ref>, ], February 22, 1982</ref>
His association with the ] began after he read some of the literature of ]. He was baptized as a Bible Student on either November 30, 1913,<ref>"Rewarded With the Crown of Life", ''The Watchtower'', March 15, 1993, pages 31, 32.</ref> or, in Franz's own account, April 5, 1914.<ref>"Looking Back Over 93 Years of Living", The Watchtower", May 1, 1987, page 25</ref>

⚫ In 1920 he joined the Watch Tower headquarters staff in ], ]<ref name="looking" /> and in 1926 became a member of the editorial staff as a Bible researcher and writer for the society’s publications. Upon the death of Watch Tower president ], Franz became head of the editorial department, and in 1945 he replaced ] as vice-president of the Watch Tower Society.<ref>Walsh vs Honorable James Latham, Court of Session Scotland, 1954, examination of Frederick Franz pp. 5-6</ref> Franz was the Society's leading theologian<ref>{{cite book | last = Rogerson |first = Alan| title = Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah's Witnesses | publisher = Constable & Co, London| year = 1969 | page = 66 |isbn = 009-455940-6}}</ref> and has been named as a leading figure in the preparation of the Witnesses' '']'' of the ].<ref>Michael Marlowe editor, , published online by Bible Research</ref><ref>{{Citation |last = Wills |first = Tony |title = A People For His Name | publisher = Lulu Enterprises |year = 2006 | page=253 |isbn= 978-1-4303-0100-4}}</ref> His nephew and fellow Governing Body member ] resigned from the Governing Body and was subsequently ] in 1982 during F. W. Franz's presidency.<ref>, ], February 22, 1982</ref>


Franz continued to contribute to Watch Tower Society literature until his death in 1992 at the age of 99.<ref>, ''The New York Times'', December 24, 1992.</ref> He was succeeded as president of the Watch Tower Society by ]. Franz continued to contribute to Watch Tower Society literature until his death in 1992 at the age of 99.<ref>, ''The New York Times'', December 24, 1992.</ref> He was succeeded as president of the Watch Tower Society by ].


==Role in eschatology== ===Role in eschatology===
{{see main|Eschatology of Jehovah's Witnesses}} {{see main|Eschatology of Jehovah's Witnesses}}
In 2010, the Watch Tower Society asserted that the "generation" of 1914—regarded by Jehovah's Witnesses as the last generation before the battle of ]—includes persons whose lives "overlap" with "the anointed who were on hand when the sign began to become evident in 1914."<ref>{{cite journal|journal=The Watchtower|title=Holy spirit's role in the outworking of Jehovah's purposes|date=15 April 2010|page=10}}</ref> In 2015, Franz was cited as an example of one of the last members of the "anointed" alive in 1914, suggesting that the "generation" would include any individuals "anointed" up until his death in 1992 at the earliest.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Watch Tower Society|title=Close to the End of This System of Things|url=https://tv.jw.org/#en/mediaitems/pub-jwban_201509_1_VIDEO}}</ref> In 2010, the Watch Tower Society asserted that the "generation" of 1914—regarded by Jehovah's Witnesses as the last generation before the battle of ]—includes persons whose lives "overlap" with "the anointed who were on hand when the sign began to become evident in 1914."<ref>{{cite journal|journal=The Watchtower|title=Holy spirit's role in the outworking of Jehovah's purposes|date=15 April 2010|page=10}}</ref> In 2015, Franz was cited as an example of one of the last members of the "anointed" alive in 1914, suggesting that the "generation" would include any individuals "anointed" up until his death in 1992 at the earliest.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Watch Tower Society|title=Close to the End of This System of Things|url=https://tv.jw.org/#en/mediaitems/pub-jwban_201509_1_VIDEO}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:12, 11 May 2021

American Jehovah's Witness leader
Frederick William Franz
BornSeptember 12, 1893
Covington, Kentucky, U.S.
DiedDecember 22, 1992 (aged 99)
Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
Known forPresident of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
RelativesRaymond Franz (nephew)

Frederick William Franz (September 12, 1893 – December 22, 1992) was an American religious leader who served as president of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, the legal entity used to administer the work of Jehovah's Witnesses. He had previously served as vice president of the same corporation from 1945 until 1977 when he replaced Nathan H. Knorr as president. He was also a member of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses, which assumed over-all control of all Jehovah's Witness corporations in 1976.

Early life and education

Franz was born on September 12, 1893 in Covington, Kentucky. He was baptized in the Lutheran Church, but attended Catholic services as a child as a matter of convenience, before later attending the Presbyterian Church. He graduated from Woodward High School in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1911 and attended the University of Cincinnati, where he studied liberal arts and Biblical Greek, with the intention of becoming a Presbyterian preacher. He knew German and could read Latin, Greek and in later years self-taught Spanish, Portuguese, French and Hebrew.

Career

His association with the Bible Students began after he read some of the literature of Charles Taze Russell. He was baptized as a Bible Student on either November 30, 1913, or, in Franz's own account, April 5, 1914.

In 1920 he joined the Watch Tower headquarters staff in Brooklyn, New York and in 1926 became a member of the editorial staff as a Bible researcher and writer for the society’s publications. Upon the death of Watch Tower president Joseph Rutherford, Franz became head of the editorial department, and in 1945 he replaced Hayden C. Covington as vice-president of the Watch Tower Society. Franz was the Society's leading theologian and has been named as a leading figure in the preparation of the Witnesses' New World Translation of the Bible. His nephew and fellow Governing Body member Raymond Franz resigned from the Governing Body and was subsequently disfellowshipped in 1982 during F. W. Franz's presidency.

Franz continued to contribute to Watch Tower Society literature until his death in 1992 at the age of 99. He was succeeded as president of the Watch Tower Society by Milton G. Henschel.

Role in eschatology

Main article: Eschatology of Jehovah's Witnesses

In 2010, the Watch Tower Society asserted that the "generation" of 1914—regarded by Jehovah's Witnesses as the last generation before the battle of Armageddon—includes persons whose lives "overlap" with "the anointed who were on hand when the sign began to become evident in 1914." In 2015, Franz was cited as an example of one of the last members of the "anointed" alive in 1914, suggesting that the "generation" would include any individuals "anointed" up until his death in 1992 at the earliest.

References

  1. ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1993, page 111.
  2. ^ "Looking Back Over 93 Years of Living", The Watchtower, May 1, 1987, page 22-30.
  3. ^ Penton, M. James (1997). Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses (2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press. p. 174. ISBN 0-8020-7973-3.
  4. Chryssides, George (2016). "Chapter 7: The Bible". Jehovah's Witnesses: Continuity and Change. Ashgate publishing. Raymond Franz claims that only his uncle had a reasonable knowledge of Greek ... but apparently he self taught himself Hebrew. ...the committee nonetheless succeeded in producing an independent translation of the Bible, which is quite a remarkable achievement.
  5. "Rewarded With the Crown of Life", The Watchtower, March 15, 1993, pages 31, 32.
  6. "Looking Back Over 93 Years of Living", The Watchtower", May 1, 1987, page 25
  7. Walsh vs Honorable James Latham, Court of Session Scotland, 1954, examination of Frederick Franz pp. 5-6
  8. Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah's Witnesses. Constable & Co, London. p. 66. ISBN 009-455940-6.
  9. Michael Marlowe editor, The New World Translation, published online by Bible Research
  10. Wills, Tony (2006), A People For His Name, Lulu Enterprises, p. 253, ISBN 978-1-4303-0100-4
  11. Witness Under Prosecution, Time Magazine, February 22, 1982
  12. Obituary, The New York Times, December 24, 1992.
  13. "Holy spirit's role in the outworking of Jehovah's purposes". The Watchtower: 10. 15 April 2010.
  14. "Close to the End of This System of Things". Watch Tower Society.

External links

Preceded byNathan H. Knorr President of Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
June 22, 1977 – December 22, 1992 		Succeeded byMilton G. Henschel
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