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| * '''Computed Tomography (CT)''': CT scans provide a more detailed view, revealing a clear demarcation between the calcified lung parenchyma and the spared subpleural area. The black pleura sign is evident as a peripheral lucent rim beneath the pleura, highlighting the contrast between the dense, calcified lung tissue and the less affected subpleural region.<ref name="rsna"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Luong |first1=Hoang Van |last2=Anh |first2=Lam Viet |last3=Nguyen |first3=Pham Thanh |title=Losing vigilance in diagnosing pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A report on four cases |journal=Journal of Clinical Imaging Science |date=3 October 2023 |volume=13 |page=32 |doi=10.25259/JCIS_56_2023 |pmid=37941922 |pmc=10629246 |url=https://clinicalimagingscience.org/losing-vigilance-in-diagnosing-pulmonary-alveolar-microlithiasis-a-report-on-four-cases/ |access-date=19 December 2024 |language=en |issn=2156-7514}}</ref> | * '''Computed Tomography (CT)''': CT scans provide a more detailed view, revealing a clear demarcation between the calcified lung parenchyma and the spared subpleural area. The black pleura sign is evident as a peripheral lucent rim beneath the pleura, highlighting the contrast between the dense, calcified lung tissue and the less affected subpleural region.<ref name="rsna"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Luong |first1=Hoang Van |last2=Anh |first2=Lam Viet |last3=Nguyen |first3=Pham Thanh |title=Losing vigilance in diagnosing pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A report on four cases |journal=Journal of Clinical Imaging Science |date=3 October 2023 |volume=13 |page=32 |doi=10.25259/JCIS_56_2023 |pmid=37941922 |pmc=10629246 |url=https://clinicalimagingscience.org/losing-vigilance-in-diagnosing-pulmonary-alveolar-microlithiasis-a-report-on-four-cases/ |access-date=19 December 2024 |language=en |issn=2156-7514}}</ref> | ||
| ==Clinical significance== | ==Clinical significance== | ||
| The black pleura sign is considered a characteristic indicator of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Its presence on imaging studies can aid radiologists and clinicians in differentiating PAM from other interstitial lung diseases that may not exhibit subpleural sparing.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Xu-Dong |last2=Gao |first2=Jin-Ming |last3=Luo |first3=Jin-Mei |last4=Zhao |first4=Yu |title=Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A case report and review of the literature |journal=Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine |date=1 January 2018 |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=831–837 |doi=10.3892/etm.2017.5457 |pmid=29434686 |pmc=5772952 |
The black pleura sign is considered a characteristic indicator of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Its presence on imaging studies can aid radiologists and clinicians in differentiating PAM from other interstitial lung diseases that may not exhibit subpleural sparing.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Xu-Dong |last2=Gao |first2=Jin-Ming |last3=Luo |first3=Jin-Mei |last4=Zhao |first4=Yu |title=Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A case report and review of the literature |journal=Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine |date=1 January 2018 |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=831–837 |doi=10.3892/etm.2017.5457 |pmid=29434686 |pmc=5772952 |issn=1792-0981}}</ref> | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:45, 20 December 2024
Radiologic sign in pulmonary alveolar microlithiasisThe black pleura sign is a radiological feature observed in pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM), a rare lung disorder characterized by the accumulation of tiny calcium phosphate deposits, known as microliths, within the alveoli. This sign appears as a thin, dark (lucent) line beneath the ribs on imaging studies, contrasting with the diffusely dense, calcified lung parenchyma.
Pathophysiology
In PAM, microliths predominantly accumulate in the central portions of secondary pulmonary lobules, leading to widespread calcification of the lung tissue. However, the subpleural regions often remain relatively spared from these deposits and sometimes show subpleural cystic changes. This subpleural sparing creates a peripheral zone that appears less dense (more lucent) on imaging studies, resulting in the black pleura sign.
Imaging characteristics
- Chest radiography: On plain chest X-rays, the black pleura sign manifests as a thin, dark line just beneath the ribs. This line stands out against the adjacent, uniformly dense lung fields caused by extensive calcifications.
- Computed Tomography (CT): CT scans provide a more detailed view, revealing a clear demarcation between the calcified lung parenchyma and the spared subpleural area. The black pleura sign is evident as a peripheral lucent rim beneath the pleura, highlighting the contrast between the dense, calcified lung tissue and the less affected subpleural region.
Clinical significance
The black pleura sign is considered a characteristic indicator of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Its presence on imaging studies can aid radiologists and clinicians in differentiating PAM from other interstitial lung diseases that may not exhibit subpleural sparing.
References
- ^ Ufuk, Furkan (March 2021). "Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis". Radiology. 298 (3): 567. doi:10.1148/radiol.2021203272. ISSN 0033-8419. PMID 33434115. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- Khaladkar, SM; Kondapavuluri, SK; Kamal, A; Kalra, R; Kuber, R (January 2016). "Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis - Clinico-Radiological dissociation - A case report with Radiological review". Journal of Radiology Case Reports. 10 (1): 14–21. doi:10.3941/jrcr.v10i1.2528. PMC 4861584. PMID 27200151.
- Luong, Hoang Van; Anh, Lam Viet; Nguyen, Pham Thanh (3 October 2023). "Losing vigilance in diagnosing pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A report on four cases". Journal of Clinical Imaging Science. 13: 32. doi:10.25259/JCIS_56_2023. ISSN 2156-7514. PMC 10629246. PMID 37941922. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- Zhang, Xu-Dong; Gao, Jin-Ming; Luo, Jin-Mei; Zhao, Yu (1 January 2018). "Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A case report and review of the literature". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 15 (1): 831–837. doi:10.3892/etm.2017.5457. ISSN 1792-0981. PMC 5772952. PMID 29434686.