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Revision as of 20:48, 27 February 2004 editMic (talk | contribs)17,739 edits The dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary← Previous edit Revision as of 22:23, 27 February 2004 edit undo212.181.86.76 (talk)No edit summaryNext edit →
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Revision as of 22:23, 27 February 2004

A personal union consists of two or more entities that are internationally considered separate states, only sharing the same Head of State (and thence also sharing whatever political actions are vested in the Head of State, but no, or at least extremely few, others). It is not to be confused with a federation (like the USA), which is internationally considered a single state.

Personal unions can arise for very different reasons, ranging from near coincedence (a princess who is already married to a king becomes a queen regnant, and their child inherits both countries) to virtual annexation (where a personal union sometimes was seen as a means of preventing uprisals). They can also be codified (the constitutions of the states clearly express that they shall be joined together) or non-codified (in which case they can easily be broken by e.g. different succession rules).

There is a somewhat grey area between personal unions and federations, and the one has regularly grown into the other. This article is an attempt at listing some historical and contemporary personal unions.

  • Andorra
    • Partial personal union with France since 1607 (the French president is one of the Heads of State in Andorra)
  • France
    • Partial personal union with Andorra since 1607 (the French president is one of the Heads of State in Andorra)


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