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| As a legislator, he promulgated many laws dealing with civil matters. With the assistance of Braulio, bishop of ], he began the elaboration of a territorial code of law to cover both the Gothic population and the Hispano-Roman. That work, the '']'', would be promulgated, in a rough form, in his second year.<ref>King, 157.</ref> It underwent refinement throughout the rest of his reign and was finished by his son in 654. In 643 or 644 it superseded both the ] used by the natives and the ] used by the Goths. | As a legislator, he promulgated many laws dealing with civil matters. With the assistance of Braulio, bishop of ], he began the elaboration of a territorial code of law to cover both the Gothic population and the Hispano-Roman. That work, the '']'', would be promulgated, in a rough form, in his second year.<ref>King, 157.</ref> It underwent refinement throughout the rest of his reign and was finished by his son in 654. In 643 or 644 it superseded both the ] used by the natives and the ] used by the Goths. | ||
| According to ], during his reign, |
According to ], during his reign, Muslim raiders began harrying ]: "As early as the time of ] (644–656), their piratical squadrons had ravaged the coast of ]".<ref>Edward Gibbon, ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', ed. J.B. Bury (New York: Fred de Fau and Co., 1906), vol. IX, Chpt. LI, section V.</ref> Chindasuinth spent the last years of his life, as so many mediaeval monarchs did, in acts of piety for the sake of his immortal soul. He founded the ] of ], by the ], so that his remains could rest next to those of his wife, ]. Nevertheless, to ], ], he was nothing but "impious, unjust, and immoral". | ||
| ==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
Revision as of 19:37, 31 March 2009
Chindasuinth (c. 563 – 653) was Visigothic King of Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula) from 642 until his death. He succeeded Tulga, from whom he usurped the throne in a coup; he was "officially" elected by the nobles and anointed by the bishops the 30 April 642.
Despite his great age (he was already 79 years old), a veteran of the Leovigild campaigns and the religious rebellions after conversions from Arianism were forced, his great energy and force of character made the clergy and noblesse to submit. Somewhat famously, he cemented his control by preempting a revolt: he executed at one time over 200 Goths of the most noble families and 500 more of the petty nobility. This in accompaniment with many banishments and confiscations of property. All of this before any rebellion and without any investigation or trial or, for that matter, actual belief that a revolt was pending.
The Seventh Council of Toledo, held 16 October 646, consented to and backed his actions, toughening the punishments applied to those who rose against the sovereign and extending them even to members of the clergy who supported them.
Smothering all opposition, he lent the realm a peace and order not before known. To continue this, he had his son Recceswinth, at the urging of Braulio of Zaragoza, crowned co-king 20 January 648, and attempted to establish, as many before had, a hereditary monarchy. His associate-son was from this date until his death the true ruler of the Visigoths, in name of his father until 653, the date of the old man's passing.
Despite his implacable politics, Chindasuinth is recorded in ecclesiastical annals as a great benefactor of the church, donating many lands and bestowing privileges. He improved the public estates with the confiscated goods of the dispossessed nobility and through improved taxation methods. In the military arena, he undertook campaigns against rebellious Basques and Lusitanians.
As a legislator, he promulgated many laws dealing with civil matters. With the assistance of Braulio, bishop of Zaragoza, he began the elaboration of a territorial code of law to cover both the Gothic population and the Hispano-Roman. That work, the Liber Iudiciorum, would be promulgated, in a rough form, in his second year. It underwent refinement throughout the rest of his reign and was finished by his son in 654. In 643 or 644 it superseded both the Breviary of Alaric used by the natives and the Code of Leovigild used by the Goths.
According to Edward Gibbon, during his reign, Muslim raiders began harrying Iberia: "As early as the time of Othman (644–656), their piratical squadrons had ravaged the coast of Andalusia". Chindasuinth spent the last years of his life, as so many mediaeval monarchs did, in acts of piety for the sake of his immortal soul. He founded the monastery of San Román de la Hornija, by the Douro, so that his remains could rest next to those of his wife, Recciberga. Nevertheless, to Eugene II, bishop of Toledo, he was nothing but "impious, unjust, and immoral".
Sources
- Collins, Roger. Visigothic Spain, 409–711. Blackwell Publishing, 2004.
- King, P. D. "King Chindasvind and the First Territorial Law-code of the Visiogothic Kingdom." Visigothic Spain: New Approaches. ed. Edward James. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980. pp 131–157.
- Thompson, E. A. The Goths in Spain. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969.
External links
- Edward Gibbon, History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Chapter 51
- Visigothic Law Code: text. The preface was written in 1908, and should be read with reservations. Look at Book VI: Concerning Crimes and Tortures, under Title III: Concerning Abortion, the seventh article, which is not "ancient law", as so many others, but the words of FLAVIUS CHINTASVINTUS REX.
- Museo Rey Chindasvinto: photograph (text in Spanish). This is a picture of the Museo Rey Chindasvinto in San Román de la Hornija.
Notes
- Also spelled Chindaswinth, Chindaswind, Chindasuinto, Chindasvindo, or Khindaswinth; in Spanish and Portuguese, Chindasvinto; and in Latin, Chintasvintus
- King, 157.
- Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, ed. J.B. Bury (New York: Fred de Fau and Co., 1906), vol. IX, Chpt. LI, section V.
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byTulga | King of the Visigoths 641 – 653 with Recceswinth (649 – 653) |
Succeeded byRecceswinth |