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31°48′43″N 35°12′0″E / 31.81194°N 35.20000°E / 31.81194; 35.20000

For the moshav in the Golan Heights, see Ramot, Golan Heights.

Ramot (Template:Lang-he-n, lit. Heights), also known as Ramot Alon (Template:Lang-he, lit. Alon Heights), is a large housing development in northwestern Jerusalem. Because part of Ramot lies north of the Green Line in in East Jerusalem, the international community considers Ramot an Israeli settlement. The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal under international law, though Israel disputes this. Ramot is one of Jerusalem's ring neighborhoods.

History

Between the 1949 Armistice Agreements and the Six-Day War in 1967, the area that is today Ramot was in the demilitarized zone between Israeli and Jordanian lines. Ramot was established in 1974. The name is based on the biblical city of Rama, where the Prophet Samuel lived and was brought for burial: And Samuel died, and all Israel gathered together and mourned him, and they buried him near his home in Rama (Samuel I, 25:1). According to tradition, Rama was situated on one of the highest peaks of the Judean Hills, 885 meters above sea level. Modern Ramot was built on a hill overlooking the land of the tribe of Benjamin. After the death of Yigal Allon, the neighborhood was renamed Ramot Alon.

Geography

Ramot is north and west of the center of Jerusalem. The neighborhood is built upon two elongated ridges about 100–200 meters above the surrounding landscape (heights of 693–876 meters above sea level). Between the ridges is the Golda Meir highway, leading to Tel Aviv. Travel time to the center of Jerusalem is about 15 minutes and Har Hotzvim industrial park is about 7 minutes .

Legal status

Ramot is administered by Israel as being within Jerusalem. However, since part of the neighborhood has been built across the Green Line in East Jerusalem, the international community considers Ramot to be an Israeli settlement. In a move condemned by the UN Security Council as "null and void" and not recognized by the international community, Israel unilaterally annexed East Jerusalem and maintains that developments in East Jerusalem are not settlements. The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal under international law, violating the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of a civilian population into territory held under military occupation, though Israel disputes this. The U.S. government has traditionally refrained from calling Israeli neighborhoods in East Jerusalem "settlements."

The Clinton Parameters and Geneva accords proposed keeping Ramot under Israeli sovereignty, possibly in exchange for other land, though no deal has been made in the Israeli–Palestinian peace process. According to the Palestine papers, the Palestinians have also agreed to this.

Demography

Ramot has a population of 50,000. It is divided into six sections, from Ramot 1, the oldest section, to Ramot 6, the newest section. Ramot 5 is the commercial center.

The population is ethnically and religiously diverse, and housing ranges from expensive, single-family homes to inexpensive, multi-level apartments. Ramot has a large Orthodox and Haredi population.

Archaeology

There are Crusader era remains in Ramot 2 and Ramot 6. In May 2005, a salvage excavation conducted in the Ramot neighborhood on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority found a rock hewn burial cave surmounted by a massive rectangular building and a columbarium cave. Potsherds dating to the Ottoman period were discovered on the floor of the building. Fragments of jars and cooking pots dating to the Early Roman period were discovered in the columbarium, which is characteristic of the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods.

Khirbet Tililiya is the site of an ancient ruined fortress on a high hill in the center of Ramot Alon. The ruins are dated to the Second Temple period (Hasmonean and Herodian).

See also

• Ramot Polin

References

1. Journal of architectural and planning research. Elsevier. 1991. p. 59. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
2. "They began planting neighborhoods such as Ramot Allon on annexed West Bank land..." Clashing values alter a city’s face by Richard Boudreaux, Los Angeles Times June 05, 2007
3. MacAskill, Ewen (15 October 2010). "Israel provokes Palestinians and US by going ahead with new settlements". guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 15 October 2010. The Israeli government regards both as part of Israel but the Palestinians, and almost all of the international community, see them as illegal, built on Palestinian land occupied by Israeli in 1967.
4. "EU Report: Israel "Actively Pursuing the Illegal Annexation" of East Jerusalem". 19 (2). FMEP. March–April 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-29. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
5. "EU Report: Israel "Actively Pursuing the Illegal Annexation" of East Jerusalem — FMEP". Fmep.org. 2008-12-15. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
6. , as seen in official map:
7. Ramot Alon neighborhood
8. "Nefesh B'Nefesh - Aliyah Live the Dream". Nbn.org.il. 2006-03-27. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
9. "Israel plan for 238 settler homes draws Palestinian ire". BBC News. 15 October 2010.
   "Obama raps Israeli plans for 1,300 Jewish settler homes". BBC News. 9 November 2010.
   Kershner, Isabel (8 November 2010). "Israel Plans 1,000 Housing Units in East Jerusalem". The New York Times.
10. "Leor Tubul, 17 years old, and Ronan Karamani, 18, vanished at a busy intersection outside the Ramot neighborhood, a Jewish suburb built in an area that had been the West Bank before Israel annexed East Jerusalem in 1967." Slaying of 2 Jews Stirs Violence in Jerusalem New York Times August 7, 1990.
11. McCarthy, Rory (11 March 2010). "Israel plans more East Jerusalem homes as talks collapse". The Guardian.
12. Krieger, Hillary, Keinon, Herb, and Abu Toameh, Khaled. Rice: US entirely opposed to Har Homa Jerusalem Post. 8 April 2008
13. http://www.peacelobby.org/clinton_parameters.htm
14. http://www.geneva-accord.org/images/PDF/Jerusalem.pdf
15. Jerusalem's second biggest mall to open in 2011
16. ^ Amos Kloner; Agudah le-seḳer arkheʼologi shel Yiśraʼel (2003). Survey of Jerusalem: the northwestern sector, introduction and indices. רשות העתיקות ,האגודה לסקר ארכיאולוגי של ישראל. p. 255. ISBN 9789654060806. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
17. Excavations and surveys in Israel: Jerusalem, Ramot

External links

• Shchunot Portal-Ramot Alon
• Ramot Alon's Community Management
• Nefesh B'Nefesh Community Guide for Ramot, Jerusalem, Israel
• Tehilla Community Guide for Ramot, Jerusalem, Israel

• Misplaced Pages neutral point of view disputes from May 2011
• Neighbourhoods of Jerusalem