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| ==Prevalence== | ==Prevalence== | ||
| Discussions and studies about the prevalence of morning, evening and indifferent or intermediate ]s use different criteria and come to different results. Some ask what time people ''do'' go to sleep and wake up—others ask what time people would ''prefer'' to. One survey of over 400 adults showed approximately 15% morning people, 25% evening people, and 60% intermediates.<ref>{{cite book |last=Schur |first=Carolyn |title=Birds of a Different Feather |accessdate=2009-07-20 |year=1994 |publisher=Schur Goode Associates |location=Saskatoon, Canada |chapter=excerpt |chapterurl=http://www.nightowlnet.com/archive07.htm |isbn=0-9698190-0-5}}</ref> | Discussions and studies about the prevalence of morning, evening and indifferent or intermediate ]s use different criteria and come to different results. Some ask what time people ''do'' go to sleep and wake up—others ask what time people would ''prefer'' to. One survey of over 400 adults showed approximately 15% morning people, 25% evening people, and 60% intermediates.<ref>{{cite book |last=Schur |first=Carolyn |title=Birds of a Different Feather |accessdate=2009-07-20 |year=1994 |publisher=Schur Goode Associates |location=Saskatoon, Canada |chapter=excerpt |chapterurl=http://www.nightowlnet.com/archive07.htm |isbn=0-9698190-0-5}}</ref> | ||
| == Career options == | |||
| ] | |||
| Morning larks tend to thrive in careers that start early in the morning. Industries that tend to be favorable to morning larks include farming, construction, and working for ]. Many employees in these industries start working at or before 7:00 a.m.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bls.gov/careeroutlook/2015/article/night-owls-and-early-birds.htm|title=Career Outlook: Careers for night owls and early birds|last=Torpey|first=Elka|date=October 2015|website=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics|language=en-us|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-04-06}}</ref> Some professions are well-known for their early morning hours, including bakers, school teachers, dairy farmers, and surgeons. | |||
| Morning larks tend to be less represented among the employees of restaurants, hotels, entertainment venues, and retail stores, which tend to be open until later in the evening.<ref name=":1" /> However, morning larks may be perfectly suited to the opening shift of a coffee shop, handling the morning rush at a hotel, or working on the ] for radio or television. Morning larks may also work the early shift in round-the-clock industries, such as ], transportation, healthcare, and manufacturing.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
| Many large businesses that operate in the evening or at night need employees at all levels, from entry-level employees to managers to skilled staff, whenever they are open. For example, most hospitals employ many types of workers around the clock: | |||
| *non-medical staff such as security guards, ], cleaning and maintenance workers, cooks and food service staff, and admissions clerks; | |||
| *medical staff such as nurses, ], radiology technicians, ], and ]; | |||
| *managers for each of the main hospital wards or activities, including janitorial supervisors and ]. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 06:00, 6 April 2018
A lark, early bird, morning person or, in Scandinavian countries, an A-person, is a person who usually gets up early in the morning and goes to bed early in the evening. The lark (bird) starts its day very early, which explains the choice of the word lark for people who may sleep from around 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. or earlier. Human "larks" tend to feel most energetic just after they get up in the morning. They are thus well-suited for working the day shift.
The opposite of the lark is the owl, often awake at night. A person called a night owl is someone who usually stays up late and may feel most awake in the evening and at night. Researchers have traditionally used the terms morningness and eveningness to describe these two phenotypes.
Charting chronotypes
Till Roenneberg, a chronobiologist in Munich, has mapped the circadian rhythms of more than 220,000 people. Biological processes, including sleep-wake patterns, that display an oscillation of about 24 hours are called circadian rhythms. According to Roenneberg, the distribution of circadian rhythms spans from the very early to the very late chronotypes, similarly to how height varies from short to tall.
As circadian rhythm is independent of the number of hours of sleep a person needs, Roenneberg calculates the rhythm based on the midpoint of the sleep period. A person who goes to bed at midnight and rises at 8 thus has the same chronotype as a person who goes to bed at 1 a.m. and rises at 7; the midpoint of sleep is 4 a.m. for both of these individuals.
People with early chronotypes, will usually not be able to "sleep in", even if they have stayed up later than usual. Despite feeling refreshed in the morning and being accommodated by much of the societal framework around them, many "larks" feel hampered socially, as much of social life takes place in the evening.
People with late chronotypes go to bed late and rise late. Forced to arise earlier than their circadian rhythm dictates, they have a low body temperature and may require a few hours to feel really awake. They are unable to fall asleep as early as "larks" can.
Prevalence
Discussions and studies about the prevalence of morning, evening and indifferent or intermediate chronotypes use different criteria and come to different results. Some ask what time people do go to sleep and wake up—others ask what time people would prefer to. One survey of over 400 adults showed approximately 15% morning people, 25% evening people, and 60% intermediates.
Career options
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Morning larks tend to thrive in careers that start early in the morning. Industries that tend to be favorable to morning larks include farming, construction, and working for public utilities. Many employees in these industries start working at or before 7:00 a.m. Some professions are well-known for their early morning hours, including bakers, school teachers, dairy farmers, and surgeons.
Morning larks tend to be less represented among the employees of restaurants, hotels, entertainment venues, and retail stores, which tend to be open until later in the evening. However, morning larks may be perfectly suited to the opening shift of a coffee shop, handling the morning rush at a hotel, or working on the morning news shows for radio or television. Morning larks may also work the early shift in round-the-clock industries, such as emergency services, transportation, healthcare, and manufacturing.
Many large businesses that operate in the evening or at night need employees at all levels, from entry-level employees to managers to skilled staff, whenever they are open. For example, most hospitals employ many types of workers around the clock:
- non-medical staff such as security guards, IT specialists, cleaning and maintenance workers, cooks and food service staff, and admissions clerks;
- medical staff such as nurses, paramedics, radiology technicians, pharmacists, and phlebotomists;
- managers for each of the main hospital wards or activities, including janitorial supervisors and head nurses.
See also
2References
- Horne JA, Östberg O (1976). "A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms". Int J Chronobiol. 4 (2): 97–110. PMID 1027738.
- Schur, Carolyn (1994). "excerpt". Birds of a Different Feather. Saskatoon, Canada: Schur Goode Associates. ISBN 0-9698190-0-5.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ Torpey, Elka (October 2015). "Career Outlook: Careers for night owls and early birds". U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
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External links
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