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Revision as of 16:56, 27 December 2006 editDbachmann (talk \| contribs)227,714 editsNo edit summary← Previous edit		Revision as of 16:57, 27 December 2006 edit undoRex Germanus (talk \| contribs)11,278 edits removed surplus information, categories and interwikies meant to link to emperor. This article now is what it should be according to Dbachman. An explanation of a foreign title.Next edit →
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	'''''Kaiser''''' is the ] title meaning "]", with '''''Kaiserin''''' being the female equivalent, "]".		'''''Kaiser''''' is the ] title meaning "]", with '''''Kaiserin''''' being the female equivalent, "]".
	In German, the word ''Kaiser'' is not limited to rulers of the German, Austrian or Holy Roman Empire, as it is also used in a generic sense equivalent to the English word ''"emperor"'', for rulers of other empires. ~~For instance, an ] is refered to as a ''Chinesischer Kaiser'' or ''Kaiser von China'' in German.~~		In German, the word ''Kaiser'' is not limited to rulers of the German, Austrian or Holy Roman Empire, as it is also used in a generic sense equivalent to the English word ''"emperor"'', for rulers of other empires.

	==Word history and translations==
⚫	Kaiser is derived from the ] title of ] ("Kaiser" is pronounced similarly to how "caesar" was in ]), as is the ] title of ]. It is a sovereign ]ic title of the highest rank, explicitly at par with ].

	Cognate, nearly homophone titles are used in the same ways in Germanic languages or those, mainly Baltic and Slavonic languages, which derived the term from German, for example:
	* ''Kejser'' in ];
	* ''Keizer'' in ];
	* ''Keiser'' in ];
	* ''Keisari'' in ];
	* ''Keisari'' in ];
	* ''Keisari'' in ];
	* ''Keser'' in ] (in Luxembourg).
	* ''Kejsare'' in ];
	* ''Kajzer'' in ] (only with respect to German Empire (1871—1918))

	Semitic ] also uses the same word ("Keisar", Heb. קיסר) , though in this case the term did not go through German but came directly from Latin in the Roman period itself.

	In contrast, most Romance and tributary vocabularies, including English, derive their terms for emperor from the Latin ''].''

	==German history and antecedents of the title==

	The Roman imperial style was first revived in the Frankish realm, the hegemon of the Catholic West, thus claiming equality with the ] and the Muslim Caliphate, by ] in 800, and when his empire was divided again through inheritances it came to be linked to the eastern ("German") kingdom. The ] (]—]) (the "First German ]", becoming an ]) called themselves ''Kaiser'', while combining this imperial title with that of Roman King (assumed by the designated heir before the imperial coronation); they saw their rule as a continuation of that of the ]s and so used the name "Caesar" to reflect their supposed heritage.

	The rulers of the ] Empire (]—]), from the Habsburg dynasty that since ] had provided all ] (though formally still elected), again used the title ''Kaiser''.

	In ] and most other foreign usage, however, the untranslated title is mainly associated with the emperors of the unified ] (]—]) (the "Second Reich") which chancellor Bismarck had welded skillfully from two federations covering most of the many principalities (mainly petty, known as ''Kleinstaaterei'') that had constituted Germany, the core of the former ]. The term is particularly associated in English with the last Kaiser, ].		In ] and most other foreign usage, however, the untranslated title is mainly associated with the emperors of the unified ] (]—]) (the "Second Reich") which chancellor Bismarck had welded skillfully from two federations covering most of the many principalities (mainly petty, known as ''Kleinstaaterei'') that had constituted Germany, the core of the former ]. The term is particularly associated in English with the last Kaiser, ].

		⚫	Kaiser is derived from the ] title of ] ("Kaiser" is pronounced similarly to how "caesar" was in ]), as is the ] title of ]. It is a sovereign ]ic title of the highest rank, explicitly at par with ]. In contrast, most Romance and tributary vocabularies, including English, derive their terms for emperor from the Latin ''].''
	When the Empire was formed, there was much debate about how to precisely phrase the title of the monarch. One of the contributions to this debate was ''Kaiser von Deutschland'' ("Emperor of Germany"), another one being ''Kaiser der Deutschen'' ("Emperor of the Germans"). Finally, ''Deutscher Kaiser'' ("German Emperor"), the version expressing the least degree of superiority to the rulers of the other principalities, was agreed upon.

	There were three Kaisers of the German Empire. All belonged to the ] dynasty, which had already ruled much of Germany as kings of (originally "in") ], militarily the only great power among the German principalities, before ascending the brand new "German" imperial throne. These three Prussian kings and German Kaisers were:

	* ] (1871—]);
	* ] (1888), who ruled for 99 days;
	* ] (1888—1918), during whose reign the monarchy in Germany ended after ].

	==See also==
	* ]
	* ]

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Revision as of 16:57, 27 December 2006

For other uses, see Kaiser (disambiguation).

Kaiser is the German title meaning "Emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "Empress". In German, the word Kaiser is not limited to rulers of the German, Austrian or Holy Roman Empire, as it is also used in a generic sense equivalent to the English word "emperor", for rulers of other empires.

In English and most other foreign usage, however, the untranslated title is mainly associated with the emperors of the unified German Empire (1871—1918) (the "Second Reich") which chancellor Bismarck had welded skillfully from two federations covering most of the many principalities (mainly petty, known as Kleinstaaterei) that had constituted Germany, the core of the former Holy Roman Empire. The term is particularly associated in English with the last Kaiser, Wilhelm II.

Kaiser is derived from the Roman title of Caesar ("Kaiser" is pronounced similarly to how "caesar" was in Classical Latin), as is the Slavic title of Tsar. It is a sovereign Monarchic title of the highest rank, explicitly at par with padishah. In contrast, most Romance and tributary vocabularies, including English, derive their terms for emperor from the Latin imperator.

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