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- This article refers to an administrative District of Israel called Judea and Samaria. For the geographical regions of Judea and Samaria see Judea or Samaria. For uses synonymous with the term "the West Bank", see that entry.
Judea and Samaria (Template:Lang-he-n, Yehuda VeShomron, also an acronym יו"ש Yosh or ש"י Shai; Template:Lang-ar, al-Yahudiyyah was-Sāmarah) is the official Israeli name of the seventh District of Israel. The area was captured by Israel in the Six Day war, and is considered an occupied territory by the International Court of Justice. The United Nations has declared that resolution of the conflict must be based on the withdrawal of Israeli forces from territories it occupied in the war, in conjunction with the termination of all claims or states of belligerency. Sometimes, the term "Judea and Samaria" is employed to distinguish it from the "West Bank", which also includes East Jerusalem.
The term "Judea and Samaria" is also highly controversial in Israeli society itself, and is often employed specifically as a collective reference to the Israeli settlements in that area, historically and presently, especially by Jewish settlers and their supporters. Many Arab Palestinians object to this term as a rejection of their claim to the land. Left-wing Israelis prefer "HaGada HaMa'aravit" (הגדה המערבית "The West Bank" in Hebrew) or "Hashetahim Hakvushim" (השטחים הכבושים, The Occupied Territories).
Status
Main articles: West Bank § Status, and West BankThe Judea and Samaria area is administered by the Israel Defense Forces Central Command, and administrative decisions are subject to the command's chief, Aluf Gadi Shamni.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 242, adopted after Israel captured the region from Jordan in the Six Days War, declares that Israel must withdraw from territories captured in the conflict, in conjunction with the termination of all claims or states of belligerency. The future status of the region is a key factor in the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Administrative sub-regions
The district is further divided into 8 military administrative regions: Menashe (Jenin area), HaBik'a (Jordan Valley), Shomron (Shechem area, known in Arabic as Nablus), Efrayim (Tulkarm area), Binyamin (Ramallah/al-Bireh area), Maccabim (Maccabim area), Etzion (Bethlehem area) and Yehuda (Hebron area).
History
Referral to them as a unit is dating from the modern period, specifically the time of their occupation and annexation by Jordan. However, prior to the Jordanian occupation, the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181 passed on November 29, 1947 used the terms "Samaria" and "Judea" as part of the description of the border between the proposed Jewish and Arab/Muslim states.
Municipalities
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See also
References
- Lau, Cotran (2005). "Yearbook of Islamic And Middle Eastern Law". BRILL. ISBN 9004144447. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
First, it is now legally decided that the area between the Green Line and the Mandatory eastern border of Palestine is "occupied" and Israel remains a belligerent occupant. defined where the territories occupied by Israel are.
- "Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory" (PDF). International Court of Justice. 2004. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
the Court notes that the territories situated between the Green Line and the former eastern boundary of Palestine under the Mandate were occupied by Israel in 1967 during the armed conflict between Israel and Jordan. Under customary international law, the Court observes, these were therefore occupied territories in which Israel had the status of occupying Power.
- UN Security Council resolution 242
- Lustick, Ian (1998). "For the Land and the Lord : Jewish fundamentalism in Israel". Council on Foreign Relations. ISBN 0876090366. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
For political purposes, and despite the geographical imprecision involved, the annexationist camp in Israel prefers to refer to the area between the Green Line and the Jordan River not as the West Bank but as Judea and Samaria.
- Bishara, Marwan (1995). "How Palestinians Should Use This Moment". Newsweek. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
it stretches to the fanatical Jewish chauvinists who want to expel the Arabs from the land they call Judea and Samaria--a territory that, depending on how you read the Bible, could stretch past the Jordan as far as the Euphrates. Says Sternhell: "The minimum the religious Zionists can live with is the West Bank."
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|day=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - Thomas, Evan (1995). "Can Peace Survive?". Newsweek. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
The religious settlers in the occupied territories believe that God gave them the West Bank--which they call by the Biblical names Judea and Samaria-and that no temporal leader can give the Promised Land away.
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- "Judea and Samaria", The Jewish Agency for Israel, undated, retrieved August 31, 2005
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