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This paleobotany list records new fossil plant taxa that were to be described during the year 2025, as well as notes other significant paleobotany discoveries and events which occurred during 2025.

Lycophytes

Ferns and fern allies

Conifers

Pinaceae

Flowering plants

Basal eudicots

Superrosids

Fabales

Other plants

Palynology

Palynological research

• Evidence from the study of palynofloral assemblages from the Germig Section (Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; Tibet, China), interpreted as indicative of a shift from floras dominated by seed ferns and conifers to floras dominated by cheirolepids during the Triassic-Jurassic transition, is presented by Li et al. (2025).

General research

• Evidence of the presence of a plant community dominated by ferns belonging to the family Osmundaceae, similar to extant plant communities such as those from swamp settings from the Parana Forest in northeastern Argentina, is reported from the Jurassic La Matilde Formation (Argentina) by García Massini et al. (2025).
• Evidence from the study of phytoliths from the Lunpola Basin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, interpreted as indicative of presence mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest during the late Oligocene–Early Miocene, is presented by Zhang et al. (2025).
• A study on ancient DNA from sediment cores from lakes in Alaska and Siberia, providing evidence of plant extinctions associated with environmental changes during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition, is published by Courtin et al. (2025).

References

1. Huang, P.; Wang, J.-S.; Wang, Y.-L.; Liu, L.; Zhao, J.-Y.; Xue, J.-Z. (2025). "The smallest Zosterophyllum plant from the Lower Devonian of South China and the divergent life-history strategies in zosterophyllopsids". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 292 (2038). 20242337. doi:10.1098/rspb.2024.2337. PMC 11732410. PMID 39809313.
2. Li, C.X.; Meng, F.W. (2025). "A New Species of Krameropteris (Dennstaedtiaceae) from Mid-Cretaceous Myanmar Amber". Taxonomy. 5 (1). 3. doi:10.3390/taxonomy5010003.
3. Song, Z.-H.; Wang, Z.-E.; Cao, R.; Wang, Z.-S.; Wang, H.; Chen, G.-H.; Wu, J.-Y. (2025). "Fossil wood of Pinus from the Pliocene of western Yunnan, China and its palaeoclimatic implications". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 334. 105279. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105279.
4. Akkemik, Ü.; Mantzouka, D. (2025). "A review of the Early Miocene Pinuxylon species of Türkiye with a new species". Turkish Journal of Botany. 49 (1): 52–63. doi:10.55730/1300-008X.2841.
5. Kumar, S.; Manchester, S. R.; Khan, M. A. (2024). "Oldest menispermaceous endocarp fossil from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Central India and its biogeographic implications". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 334. 105249. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2024.105249.
6. Zhao, Y.-S.; Wang, T.-X.; Xiao, S.-M.; Li, S.-F.; Huang, J. (2025). "Fossil pods of tropical tree Peltophorum (Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae) from southwestern China". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 105282. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105282.
7. Šimůnek, Z.; Haldovský, J. (2025). "New callistophytalean species from the Duckmantian of the Kladno-Rakovník Basin, Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 105283. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105283.
8. Correia, P.; Góis-Marques, C. A. (2025). "Palaeopteridium andrenelii sp. nov., a new noeggerathialean species from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Portugal with new insights on the Noeggerathiales". Geological Magazine. 162. e1. doi:10.1017/S0016756824000438.
9. Li, J.-H.; Peng, J.-G.; Slater, S. M.; Vajda, V. (2025). "Palynofloras across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest China". Palaeoworld. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200910.
10. García Massini, J. L.; Nunes, G. C.; Yañez, A.; Escapa, I. H.; Guido, D. (2025). "Jurassic Osmundaceous Landscapes in Patagonia: Exploring the Concept of Ecological Stasis in the Deseado Massif, Argentina". Plants. 14 (2). 165. doi:10.3390/plants14020165.
11. Zhang, X.-W.; Liu, J.; Spicer, R. A.; Gao, Y.; Yao, X.-R.; Qin, X.-Y.; Zhou, Z.-K.; Su, T. (2025). "Vegetation history of the central Tibetan region during the late Oligocene–Early Miocene". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. doi:10.1111/jse.13152.
12. Courtin, J.; Stoof-Leichsenring, K. R.; Lisovski, S.; Liu, Y.; Alsos, I. G.; Biskaborn, B. K.; Diekmann, B.; Melles, M.; Wagner, B.; Pestryakova, L.; Russell, J.; Huang, Y.; Herzschuh, U. (2025). "Potential plant extinctions with the loss of the Pleistocene mammoth steppe". Nature Communications. 16 (1). 645. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-55542-x. PMID 39809751.

• 2025 in paleontology
• Paleobotany