Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat | |
---|---|
Coat of arms of the Orange Free State | |
Type | |
Type | Unicameral |
History | |
Established | 1854 |
Disbanded | 31 May 1902 |
Structure | |
Seats | 57 |
Length of term | 4 years |
Meeting place | |
Bloemfontein |
The Volksraad of the Orange Free State (Afrikaans: Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat) was the unicameral parliament of the Orange Free State. It was the supreme authority of Orange Free State.
Volksraad had 52-57 members representing major town and districts in the republic. The members had to be of European blood, over twenty-five years old, resident in the republic for at least one year, possessed real estate of the value of £200, and never convicted of crime. The districts represented by members of Volksraad were Bloemfontein, Fauresmith, Caledon River, Winburg, Harrismith, Kroonstad, Boshof, Bethulie, Philippolis and Jacobsdal.
The members were elected for four years, half of them retiring every second year. Burghers were able to vote.
The Volksraad met once a year in ordinary session in Bloemfontein. During Second Boer War, Volksraad met in Kroonstad in 1900.
Chairmen
The chairman of the Volksraad (Voorzitter van den Volksraad) was elected annually.
Chairman | Took office | Left office | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Josias Philip Hoffman | March 1854 | June 1854 | |
Henry Halse | June 1854 | ? | |
Gert Petrus Visser | 1855 | ? | |
Lodewyk Jacobus Papenfus | ?-1857 | 1857-? | |
Esaias Reynier Snijman | ?-1859 | 1859-? | |
J. N. Uijs | ?-1860 | 1860-? | |
Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1861 | 1863-? | |
Esaias Reynier Snijman | ?-1864 | 1864-? | |
Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1865 | 1865-? | |
Hendrik Oostewald Dreyer | ?-1866 | 1866 | |
Gerhardus Johannes du Toit | 1866 | ? | |
Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1867 | 1875-? | |
Tobias de Villiers | ?-1876 | 1876-? | |
Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1877 | 1879 | |
Tobias de Villiers | 1879 | 1884 | |
John G. Fraser | 1884 | 1896 | |
Christiaan Willem Hendrik Van Der Post | 1896 | 1897 | |
Cornelius Hermanus Wessels | 1897 | 1899-? | |
Johan Godfried Luyt | June 1900 | June 1900 | Last chairman |
References
- Martin, Frederick; Keltie, Sir John Scott; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Epstein, Mortimer; Steinberg, Sigfrid Henry; Paxton, John; Hunter (Librarian), Brian; Turner, Barry (1894). "The Statesman's Year-book 1894". Palgrave.
- ^ McCall Theal, George (1908). History of South Africa Since September 1795 (PDF). Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
- ^ Eales, Marjory. An Annotated Guide to the Pre-Union Government Publications of the Orange Free State 1854-1910 (PDF).
- "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1866.
- "Select Constitutional Documents Illustrating South African History 1795 – 1910 – Boererate". boere.co.za.
- "Orange Free State: Heads of State: 1854-1902 - Archontology.org". www.archontology.org.
- Collins, W. W. (1907). "Free Statia" or Reminiscences of a Lifetime in the Orange Free State. Bloemfontein, O.R.C.
- Lloyd, Angela Read (2002). "Bridging the Divide: The Story of a Boer-British Family". Jonathan Ball.
- Muller, Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas (1907). "Oude tijden in den Oranje-Vrijstaat" (in Dutch). Brill Archive.
- "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1859.
- "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1871.
- "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1861.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1864.
- "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1865.
- "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1866.
- "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1867.
- ^ Boon, Martin James (1885). "The History of the Orange Free State". W. Reeves.
- Parliament of South Africa (1911). "Who's who in the Union of Parliament: Portraits and Biographies of the Members of the Two Houses of the First Parliament of the Union of South Africa". Cape Times Limited.
- Oordt, Johan Frederik Van (1899). "Onder de vierkleur: Een verhaal uit den tijd van den Jameson-inval" (in Dutch). Hollandsch-afrikaansche uitgevers-maatschappij v/h. J. Dusseau.
- Scholtz, Gert Daniel (1936). "Die konstitusie en die staatsinstellings van die Oranje-vry-staat, 1854-1902 ..." (in Afrikaans). N. v. Swets & Zeitlinger.
- Beaufort, Willem H. de (1993). "Dagboeken en aantekeningen van Willem Hendrik de Beaufort, 1874-1918" (in Dutch). Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis.
- "Who's who of Southern Africa". K. Donaldson. 1911.