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Echinacoside

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Echinacoside
Chemical structure of echinacoside
Chemical structure of echinacoside
Names
IUPAC name 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)--β-D-glucopyranoside 4-
Systematic IUPAC name (2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-Hydroxy-2-({oxy}methyl)-4-{oxy}-6-oxan-3-yl (2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.127.421 Edit this at Wikidata
PubChem CID
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C35H46O20/c1-14-24(42)26(44)29(47)35(51-14)55-32-30(48)34(49-9-8-16-3-6-18(38)20(40)11-16)53-22(13-50-33-28(46)27(45)25(43)21(12-36)52-33)31(32)54-23(41)7-4-15-2-5-17(37)19(39)10-15/h2-7,10-11,14,21-22,24-40,42-48H,8-9,12-13H2,1H3/b7-4+/t14-,21+,22+,24-,25+,26+,27-,28+,29+,30+,31+,32+,33+,34+,35-/m0/s1Key: FSBUXLDOLNLABB-ISAKITKMSA-N
  • InChI=1/C35H46O20/c1-14-24(42)26(44)29(47)35(51-14)55-32-30(48)34(49-9-8-16-3-6-18(38)20(40)11-16)53-22(13-50-33-28(46)27(45)25(43)21(12-36)52-33)31(32)54-23(41)7-4-15-2-5-17(37)19(39)10-15/h2-7,10-11,14,21-22,24-40,42-48H,8-9,12-13H2,1H3/b7-4+/t14-,21+,22+,24-,25+,26+,27-,28+,29+,30+,31+,32+,33+,34+,35-/m0/s1Key: FSBUXLDOLNLABB-ISAKITKMBV
SMILES
  • C1((((O1)O2((O(2OC(=O)/C=C/c3ccc(c(c3)O)O)CO4((((O4)CO)O)O)O)OCCc5ccc(c(c5)O)O)O)O)O)O
Properties
Chemical formula C35H46O20
Molar mass 786,73 g/mol
Melting point 200 to 220 °C (392 to 428 °F; 473 to 493 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Echinacoside is a natural phenol. It is a caffeic acid glycoside from the phenylpropanoid class. It is constituted from a trisaccharide consisting of two glucose and one rhamnose moieties glycosidically linked to one caffeic acid and one dihydroxyphenylethanol (hydroxytyrosol) residue at the centrally situated rhamnose. This water-soluble glycoside is a distinctive secondary metabolite of Echinacea angustifolia and Echinacea pallida (to about 1%) but only occurs in trace amounts in Echinacea purpurea. It is also isolated from Cistanche spp.

It was first isolated by Stoll et al. in 1950 from the roots of Echinacea angustifolia. It shows weak antibiotic activity in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci.


References

  1. Bernaś, Urszula; Hajmowicz, Halina; Madura, Izabela D.; Majcher, Monika; Synoradzki, Ludwik; Zawada, Krzysztof (2010). "Tartaric acid and its acyl derivatives. Part 5. Direct synthesis of monoacyltartaric acids and novel mono(benzoyl)tartaric anhydride: unusual findings in tartaric acid acylation". Arkivoc. 2010 (11): 1–12. doi:10.3998/ark.5550190.0011.b01. hdl:2027/spo.5550190.0011.b01.
  2. Stoll, A.; Renz, J.; Brack, A. (1950). "Isolierung und Konstitution des Echinacosids, eines Glykosids aus den Wurzeln von Echinacea angustifolia D. C. 6. Mitteilung über antibakterielle Stoffe". Helvetica Chimica Acta. 33 (6): 1877–1893. doi:10.1002/hlca.19500330657.
Types of hydroxycinnamic acids
Aglycones
Precursor
Monohydroxycinnamic acids
(Coumaric acids)
Dihydroxycinnamic acids
Trihydroxycinnamic acids
O-methylated forms
others
Esters
glycoside-likes
Esters of
caffeic acid
with cyclitols
esters of
quinic acid
esters of
shikimic acid
Glycosides
Tartaric acid esters
Other esters
with caffeic acid
Caffeoyl phenylethanoid
glycoside (CPG)
Oligomeric forms
Dimers
Trimers
Tetramers
Conjugates with
coenzyme A (CoA)
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