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European Square (Ukrainian: Європейська площа, romanized: Yevropeiska ploshcha, pronounced [jeu̯rɔˈpɛi̯sʲkɐ ˈpɫɔʃt͡ʃɐ]) is a square located in what is known as the Old Town (Stare Misto) or the Upper Town, in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. It is also located at the north-eastern end of the Khreschatyk, the city's main thoroughfare. Other streets connected to the square are Tryokhsvyatytelska Street, Volodymyrskyi Descent, and Hrushevsky Street.

In 2013–14 the square was one of the centres of the EuroMaidan protests.

Former names

The square was known under at least nine different names during the last two hundred years.

• Originally, the square was called the Horse's Square (Konnaya Ploschad), because its location was used for horse trading.
• 1806 - Theatre Square (Teatralnaya Ploschad), after the 1805–1806 construction of the first theater in Kyiv by the architect Andriy Melensky located at the current place of Ukrainian House.
• 1851 - European Square (Yevropeyskaya Ploschad), when the Yevropeysky Hotel was built to the designs of the architect Alexander Vikentievich Beretti.
• 1869 - Tsar Square (Tsarskaya Ploschad, due to the monument of Alexander II of Russia erected there). During that time the square was also referred to as Aleksandrovskaya for the same reason and because through it was passing ulitsa Aleksandrovskaya (today split Mykhailo Hrushevsky Street, Volodymyr Descent, and Petro Sahaidachny Street).
• 1919 - Third International's Square (Ploschad Tretieva Internatsionala), after the Soviet occupation of Ukraine.
• 1941 - Adolf Hitler Square (Adolf Hitler Platz), German occupation
• 1944 - Stalin Square (Stalinskaya Ploschad), Soviet return
• 1961 - Lenin's Komsomol Square (Ploschad Leninskava Komsomola), destalinization process

Attractions

• Hotel Dnipro
• UNIAN news agency building
• Ukrainian House (Ukrainskyi Dim) conference and exhibitions hall originally built in the late 1970s as a Lenin Museum
• Khreshchatyi Park
  • Kyiv Philharmonic (19th century building)
  • Parliamentary Library of Ukraine building
  • Bridge over Saint Volodymyr Descent pedestrian and bicycle bridge

Streets

List of streets that connect to the square.

• Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)
• Khreshchatyk
• Volodymyr Descent
• Three-Saints Street
• Peter's Alley

Gallery

• Square in 1911

References

1. Live updates of the protests, Kyiv Post (27, 28 & 29 November 2013)
2. Students in Ukraine threaten indefinite national strike Archived 2013-12-02 at the Wayback Machine, Euronews (26 November 2013)
3. Students from various cities across Ukraine are joining the protests, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 November 2013)
4. Protests continue in Kyiv ahead of Vilnius EU summit Archived 2013-12-02 at the Wayback Machine, Euronews (27 November 2013)
5. In Ukraine, Protests Highlight 'Generational Rift' , Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (27 November 2013)
6. Ukraine: tension in Kyiv as pro and anti government protesters hold rallies Archived 2020-08-13 at the Wayback Machine, Euronews (29 November 2013)
7. Ukraine opposition demands leader resign after EU snub Archived December 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Seven News (30 November 2013)
8. Streets and squares of Kyiv in times of German and Soviet occupations Archived 2013-11-09 at the Wayback Machine. OUN-UPA website.

External links

• European Square at Kiev History Site (in English, Russian, and Ukrainian)
• An optimistic avenue in Vokrug Sveta (Around the World), November, 2005. (in Russian)
• Yevropeyska Ploscha Archived 2007-08-09 at the Wayback Machine in Wiki-Encyclopedia Kyiv (in Ukrainian)

v t e Euromaidan and the Revolution of Dignity
21 November 2013 – 23 February 2014
Main topics	Timeline of the Euromaidan Domestic responses to the Euromaidan International reactions to the Euromaidan Casualties Heavenly Hundred Order of the Heavenly Hundred Heroes Damaged communist monuments
Main events	1 December 2013 riots Fall of the monument to Lenin in Kyiv 11 December 2013 assault Ukrainian–Russian action plan Anti-Maidan Vasylkiv terrorists case Anti-protest laws in Ukraine 2014 Odesa clashes 2014 Hrushevskoho Street riots 2014 RSA occupations Agreement on settlement of political crisis in Ukraine Revolution of Dignity
Aftermath	2014 pro-Russian unrest Timeline Russian military intervention 2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia Timeline War in Donbas timeline First Yatsenyuk government Lustration in Ukraine Decommunization in Ukraine
Elections	2014 Ukrainian presidential election 2014 Ukrainian local elections 2014 Kyiv local election 2014 Crimean status referendum 2014 Donbas status referendums 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Main places	Maidan Nezalezhnosti Mezhyhirya Khreshchatyk Lypky Bankova Street European Square Hrushevskoho Street Dynamo Stadium Kyiv City Council Trade Unions Building Ukrainian House Mariinskyi Park October Palace Kyiv Conservatory
European integration	Ukraine–European Union relations Eastern Partnership European Union Association Agreement European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement Constitution of Ukraine
Protest figures	Organizations Maidan People's Union Euromaidan Press Parliamentary opposition parties Batkivshchyna Svoboda UDAR Other parties Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists Democratic Alliance UNA–UNSO United Left and Peasants Civic organizations Automaidan Road Control Vidsich Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People Militant groups Right Sector Spilna Sprava Lead figures Vitali Klitschko Arseniy Yatsenyuk Oleh Tyahnybok Petro Poroshenko Yuriy Lutsenko Oleksandr Turchynov Yulia Tymoshenko Andriy Parubiy Andriy Sadovyi Arsen Avakov Ruslana Tetiana Chornovol Dmytro Bulatov Dmytro Yarosh Refat Chubarov
Anti-protest figures	Organizations Second Azarov government Ministry of Internal Affairs Internal Troops of Ukraine Security Service of Ukraine Berkut Militsiya (Ukraine) Party of Regions Titushky Night Wolves Don Cossacks Antimaidan Lead figures Viktor Yanukovych Mykola Azarov Serhiy Arbuzov Vitaliy Zakharchenko Oleksandr Yefremov Andriy Klyuyev Hennadiy Kernes Mykhailo Dobkin Viktor Pshonka Olena Lukash Yuriy Boyko Leonid Kozhara Dmytro Tabachnyk Oleksandr Klymenko

50°27′8″N 30°31′39″E / 50.45222°N 30.52750°E / 50.45222; 30.52750

• Squares in Kyiv
• Khreshchatyk
• Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)