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Fujiwara no Fuhito

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(Redirected from Fujiwara Fuhito) 7/8th-century Japanese royal and imperial court official
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In this Japanese name, the surname is Fujiwara.
Fujiwara no FuhitoSenior First Rank
藤原 不比等
Born659
Died(720-09-13)September 13, 720
Children4 sons, 4 daughters

Fujiwara no Fuhito (藤原 不比等: 659 – 13 September 720) was a powerful member of the imperial court of Japan during the Asuka and Nara periods. Second son of Fujiwara no Kamatari (or, according to one theory, of Emperor Tenji), he had sons by two women, and those sons were the founders of the four principal lineages of the Fujiwara clan: the South, North, Ceremonial, and Capital lineages. Also, he had four daughters by two other women, three by Kamohime, one by Tachibana no Michiyo. One daughter by Kamohime became Emperor Monmu's wife Miyako, who in turn gave birth to Emperor Shōmu. The daughter by Michiyo became the empress of his grandson Shōmu, Empress Kōmyō.

During the reign of Emperor Monmu, the government ordered that only the descendants of Fuhito could bear the Fujiwara surname and could be appointed in the Office of Dajokan, the center of administratives.

Biography

Fuhito was 13 years old when the Jinshin incident occurred. His father Kamatari had been a strong supporter of Emperor Tenji, but Kamatari had already died and Fuhito was too young to be appointed a governmental officer, so he was not involved in this political conflict. In 688 he appeared first as a courtier.

In 697 Prince Karu, the son of Prince Kusakabe and therefore grandson of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jitō, was appointed crown prince. Fuhito supported this appointment strongly and gained the favor of Empress Jitō. After that, his position in the court rose steadily. In 701 Prince Obito, later the emperor Shōmu was born by Miyako. Fuhito succeeded in persuading the court to appoint Obito the crown prince, and made his other daughter a wife of Obito. Until then only a royal lady could be promoted to the empress, but he succeeded in gaining his daughter the position of empress of Obito by the emperor Shōmu. It was the first empress who did not derive from the imperial household.

Kōfuku-ji (Chū-kondō)

He moved Yamashina-dera, the Buddhist temple which was the main temple his clan supported, to Nara and renamed it Kōfuku-ji. After his death, Kasuga shrine, the main Shinto shrine of the Fujiwara clan, was settled near Kofuku-ji in 768.

He played a role in the establishment of the state law, ritsuryō, in Japan. He participated in the edition called Taihō Ritsuryō. He also joined in making its revision, the Yōrō ritsuryō. Before its completion, he died in the summer of 720. When he died, he was appointed Udaijin, one of the ministers.

After his death the court honored him with two titles Bunchu Kō (文忠公) and Tankai Kō (淡海公) and with the office of Daijō-daijin, the highest office of the court.

He had four sons: Fujiwara no Muchimaro, Fujiwara no Fusasaki (681–737), Fujiwara no Umakai and Fujiwara no Maro. His son Fusasaki would become the ancestor of the regent line of the Fujiwara clan.

Additionally, four poems of his can be found in the Kaifūso.

Wives and children

Honours

References

  1. "Fujiwara no Fubito • A History of Japan - 日本歴史". A History of Japan - 日本歴史. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
Fujiwara family tree
Kamatari
614–669
Fuhito
659–720
NANKE branchHOKKE branchSHIKIKE branchKYŌKE branch
Muchimaro
680–737		Fusasaki
681–737		Umakai
694–737		Maro
695–737
Toyonari
704–766		Nakamaro
706–764		OtomaroNagate
714–771		Matate
715–766		Uona
721–783		Kaedemaro
723–776		Yoshitsugu
716–777		Tamaro
722–783		Momokawa
732–779		Hamanari
724–790
Tsuginawa
727–796		Korekimi
727–789		Uchimaro
756–812		Sonohito
756–819		Otsugu
774–843
Fuyutsugu
775–826
Nagara
802–826		Yoshifusa
804–872		Yoshiyo
823–900
Mototsune
836–891
Tokihira
871–909		Tadahira
880–949
Saneyori
900–970		Morosuke
909–960
Yoritada
924–989		Koretada
924–972		Yoritada
925–977		Kaneie
929–990
Michitaka
953–995		Michikane
961–995		Michinaga
966–1028
Yorimichi
992–1074		Norimichi
996–1075
Morozane
1042–1101
Moromichi
1062–1099
Tadazane
1075–1162
Tadamichi
1097–1164		Yorinaga
1120–1156
Konoe
Family		Matsudono
Family		Kujō
Family
Konoe Motozane
1143–1166		Matsudono Motofusa
1144?–1231		Kujō Kanezane
1149–1207
Konoe Motomichi
1160–1233		Matsudono Moroie
1172–1238		Kujō Yoshitsune
1169–1206
Konoe Iezane
1179–1242		Kujō Michiie
1193–1252
Takatsukasa
Family		Nijō
Family		Ichijō
Family
Konoe Kanetsune
1210–1259		Takatsukasa Kanehira
1228–1294		Kujō Norizane
1211–1235		Nijō Yoshizane
1216–1271		Ichijō Sanetsune
1223–1284
Notes
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  12. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). In Japan Encyclopedia at Google Books; Brinkley, Frank et al. (1915).
  13. Kimoto, Yoshinobu (2004). "『牛屋大臣』藤原是公について" [On "Ushiya-Daijin" Fujiwara no Korekimi]. 奈良時代の藤原氏と諸氏族 [The Fujiwara Clan and Other Clans of the Nara Period] (in Japanese). Ohfu.
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  19. ^ Nobuyoshi, Yamamoto (2003). 摂関政治史論考 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). ISBN 978-4-642-02394-8.
  20. Haruo, Sasayama (2003). "藤原兼通の政権獲得過程". 日本律令制の展開 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). ISBN 978-4-642-02393-1.
  21. Frederic, Louis (2002). "Japan Encyclopedia." Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  22. ^ Papinot, Edmond (1910). Historical and geographical dictionary of Japan. Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha.
  23. Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
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