Jay - Misplaced Pages

(Redirected from Jays) A number of bird species in the crow family For other uses, see Jay (disambiguation). "Jay (bird)" redirects here. For other uses, see jay bird (disambiguation).

Jay

Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Superfamily:	Corvoidea
Family:	Corvidae
Genera
Garrulus Podoces Ptilostomus Perisoreus Aphelocoma Gymnorhinus Cyanocitta Calocitta Cyanocorax Cyanolyca

A jay is a member of a number of species of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy, passerine birds in the crow family, Corvidae. The evolutionary relationships between the jays and the magpies are rather complex. For example, the Eurasian magpie seems more closely related to the Eurasian jay than to the East Asian blue and green magpies, whereas the blue jay is not closely related to either. The Eurasian jay distributes oak acorns, contributing to the growth of oak woodlands over time.

Systematics and species

Jays are not a monophyletic group. Anatomical and molecular evidence indicates they can be divided into a New World and an Old World lineage (the latter including the ground jays and the piapiac), while the grey jays of the genus Perisoreus form a group of their own. The black magpies, formerly believed to be related to jays, are classified as treepies.

Old World ("brown") jays

Image	Genus	Living species
	Garrulus Brisson, 1760	Eurasian jay, Garrulus glandarius Lanceolated jay, Garrulus lanceolatus Lidth's jay, Garrulus lidthi
	Podoces Fischer von Waldheim, 1821 - Ground jays	Mongolian ground jay, Podoces hendersoni Xinjiang ground jay, Podoces biddulphi Pleske's ground jay, Podoces pleskei Turkestan ground jay, Podoces panderi
	Ptilostomus Swainson, 1837	Piapiac, Ptilostomus afer

Grey jays

Image	Genus	Living species
	Perisoreus Bonaparte, 1831 - Grey jays	Siberian jay, Perisoreus infaustus Sichuan jay, Perisoreus internigrans Canada jay, gray jay, grey jay, or whiskeyjack Perisoreus canadensis

New World jays

Image	Genus	Living species
	Aphelocoma Cabanis, 1851 - Scrub-jays	Florida scrub-jay, Aphelocoma coerulescens Island scrub-jay, Aphelocoma insularis California scrub-jay, Aphelocoma californica Woodhouse's scrub-jay, Aphelocoma woodhouseii Transvolcanic jay, Aphelocoma ultramarina Mexican jay, Aphelocoma wollweberi Unicolored jay, Aphelocoma unicolor
	Gymnorhinus Wied-Neuwied, 1841	Pinyon jay, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
	Cyanocitta Strickland, 1845	Steller's jay, Cyanocitta stelleri Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata
	Calocitta G.R. Gray, 1841 - Magpie-jays	Black-throated magpie-jay, Calocitta colliei White-throated magpie-jay, Calocitta formosa
	Cyanocorax F. Boie, 1826	Tufted jay, Cyanocorax dickeyi Black-chested jay, Cyanocorax affinis Green jay, Cyanocorax ynca Brown jay, Cyanocorax morio Bushy-crested jay, Cyanocorax melanocyaneus San Blas jay, Cyanocorax sanblasianus Yucatan jay, Cyanocorax yucatanicus Purplish-backed jay, Cyanocorax beecheii Purplish jay, Cyanocorax cyanomelas Azure jay, Cyanocorax caeruleus Violaceous jay, Cyanocorax violaceus Curl-crested jay, Cyanocorax cristatellus Azure-naped jay, Cyanocorax heilprini Cayenne jay, Cyanocorax cayanus Plush-crested jay, Cyanocorax chrysops White-naped jay, Cyanocorax cyanopogon White-tailed jay, Cyanocorax mystacalis
	Cyanolyca Cabanis, 1851	Black-collared jay, Cyanolyca armillata Turquoise jay, Cyanolyca turcosa White-collared jay, Cyanolyca viridicyana Azure-hooded jay, Cyanolyca cucullata Beautiful jay, Cyanolyca pulchra Black-throated jay, Cyanolyca pumilo Dwarf jay, Cyanolyca nana Silvery-throated jay, Cyanolyca argentigula White-throated jay, Cyanolyca mirabilis

In culture

Slang

The word jay has an archaic meaning in American slang meaning a person who chatters impertinently.

The term jaywalking was coined in the first decade of the 1900s to label persons crossing a busy street carelessly and becoming a traffic hazard. The term began to imply recklessness or impertinent behavior as the convention became established.

In January 2014, Canadian author Robert Joseph Greene embarked on a lobbying campaign among ornithologists in Europe and North America to get Merriam-Websters Dictionary to have a "Jabber of Jays" as an official term under bird groups.

References

Ericson, Per G. P.; Jansén, Anna-Lee; Johansson, Ulf S.; Ekman, Jan (May 2005). "Inter-generic relationships of the crows, jays, magpies and allied groups (Aves: Corvidae) based on nucleotide sequence data". Journal of Avian Biology. 36 (3): 222–234. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.493.5531. doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2001.03409.x.http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021299/Corvidae%5B1%5D.pdf Archived 2017-08-10 at the Wayback Machine PDF fulltext
"Jay". freedictionary.com. An overly talkative person; a chatterbox.
"Definition of Jay by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc. 26 October 2024.
"Definition of Jaywalker by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc. 28 August 2024.
"jay-walker". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
"Writer lobbies for new word to describe jays". Vancouver Courier. January 2, 2014. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
"British Ornithologists' Union: What say ye countrymen to a jabber of jays?". Community News. January 6, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2014.

External links

"Blue Jay - Cyanocitta cristata videos". The Internet Bird Collection + The Macaulay Library.
Texts on Wikisource:
- "Jay". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
- "Jays". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
- "Jay". The New Student's Reference Work. 1914.
- Newton, Alfred (1911). "Jay". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.).
- "Jay". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
- Newton, Alfred (1881). "Jay". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (9th ed.).

Extant species of family Corvidae

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes

Family Corvidae

Choughs

Pyrrhocorax	Alpine chough (P. graculus) Red-billed chough (P. pyrrhocorax)

Treepies

Crypsirina	Hooded treepie (C. cucullata) Black racket-tailed treepie (C. temia)
Dendrocitta	Andaman treepie (D. bayleyi) Bornean treepie (D. cinerascens) Grey treepie (D. formosae) Black-faced treepie (D. frontalis) White-bellied treepie (D. leucogastra) Sumatran treepie (D. occipitalis) Rufous treepie (D. vagabunda)
Platysmurus	Malayan black magpie (P. leucopterus) Bornean black magpie (P. aterrimus)
Temnurus	Ratchet-tailed treepie (T. temnurus)

Oriental
magpies

Cissa	Common green magpie (C. chinensis) Indochinese green magpie (C. hypoleuca) Bornean green magpie (C. jefferyi) Javan green magpie (C. thalassina)
Urocissa	Taiwan blue magpie (U. caerulea) Red-billed blue magpie (U. erythrorhyncha) Yellow-billed blue magpie (U. flavirostris) Sri Lanka blue magpie (U. ornata) White-winged magpie (U. whiteheadi)

Old World jays

Garrulus	Eurasian jay (G. glandarius) Lanceolated jay (G. lanceolatus) Lidth's jay (G. lidthi)
Podoces (Ground jays)	Xinjiang ground jay (P. biddulphi) Mongolian ground jay (P. hendersoni) Turkestan ground jay (P. panderi) Iranian ground jay (P. pleskei)
Ptilostomus	Piapiac (P. afer)

Stresemann's
bushcrow

Zavattariornis	Stresemann's bushcrow (Z. stresemanni)

Family Corvidae (continued)

Nutcrackers

Nucifraga	Spotted nutcracker (N. caryocatactes) Clark's nutcracker (N. columbiana) Kashmir nutcracker (N. multipunctata)

Holarctic
magpies

Pica	Black-billed magpie (P. hudsonia) Yellow-billed magpie (P. nuttalli) Eurasian magpie (P. pica) Oriental magpie (P. sericea) Maghreb magpie (P. mauritanica) Asir magpie (P. asirensis) Black-rumped magpie (P. bottanensis)

True crows

Corvus

Australian and Melanesian species: Little crow (C. bennetti); Australian raven (C. coronoides); Bismarck crow (C. insularis); Brown-headed crow (C. fuscicapillus); Bougainville crow (C. meeki); Little raven (C. mellori); New Caledonian crow (C. moneduloides); Torresian crow (C. orru); Forest raven (C. tasmanicus); Grey crow (C. tristis); Long-billed crow (C. validus); White-billed crow (C. woodfordi)

Pacific island species: Hawaiian crow (C. hawaiiensis); Mariana crow (C. kubaryi)

Tropical Asian species: Slender-billed crow (C. enca); Small crow (C. samarensis); Palawan crow (C. pusillus); Flores crow (C. florensis); Large-billed crow (C. macrorhynchos); Eastern jungle crow (C. levaillantii); Indian jungle crow (C. culminatus); House crow (C. splendens); Collared crow (C. torquatus); Piping crow (C. typicus); Banggai crow (C. unicolor); Violet crow (C. violaceus)

Eurasian and North African species: Mesopotamian crow (C. capellanus); Hooded crow (C. cornix); Carrion crow (C. corone); Rook (C. frugilegus); Eastern carrion crow (C. orientalis); Fan-tailed raven (C. rhipidurus); Brown-necked raven (C. ruficollis)

Holarctic species: Common raven (C. corax)

North and Central American species: American crow (C. brachyrhynchos); Chihuahuan raven (C. cryptoleucus); Tamaulipas crow (C. imparatus); Jamaican crow (C. jamaicensis); White-necked crow (C. leucognaphalus); Cuban palm crow (C. minutus); Cuban crow (C. nasicus); Fish crow (C. ossifragus); Hispaniolan palm crow (C. palmarum); Sinaloan crow (C. sinaloae)

Tropical African species: White-necked raven (C. albicollis); Pied crow (C. albus); Cape crow (C. capensis); Thick-billed raven (C. crassirostris); Somali crow (C. edithae)

Jackdaws

Coloeus	Daurian jackdaw (C. dauuricus) Western jackdaw (C. monedula)

Family Corvidae (continued)

Azure-winged
magpies

Cyanopica	Iberian magpie (C. cooki) Azure-winged magpie (C. cyanus)

Grey jays

Perisoreus	Canada jay (P. canadensis) Siberian jay (P. infaustus) Sichuan jay (P. internigrans)

New World jays

Aphelocoma (Scrub jays)	California scrub jay (A. californica) Island scrub jay (A. insularis) Woodhouse's scrub jay (A. woodhouseii) Florida scrub jay (A. coerulescens) Transvolcanic jay (A. ultramarina) Unicolored jay (A. unicolor) Mexican jay (A. wollweberi)
Calocitta (Magpie-Jays)	Black-throated magpie-jay (C. colliei) White-throated Magpie-jay (C. formosa)
Cyanocitta	Blue jay (C. cristata) Steller's jay (C. stelleri)
Cyanocorax	Black-chested jay (C. affinis) Purplish-backed jay (C. beecheii) Azure jay (C. caeruleus) Cayenne jay (C. cayanus) Plush-crested jay (C. chrysops) Curl-crested jay (C. cristatellus) Purplish jay (C. cyanomelas) White-naped jay (C. cyanopogon) Tufted jay (C. dickeyi) Azure-naped jay (C. heilprini) Bushy-crested jay (C. melanocyaneus) Brown jay (C. morio) White-tailed jay (C. mystacalis) San Blas jay (C. sanblasianus) Violaceous jay (C. violaceus) Green jay (C. ynca) Yucatan jay (C. yucatanicus)
Cyanolyca	Silvery-throated jay (C. argentigula) Black-collared jay (C. armillata) Azure-hooded jay (C. cucullata) White-throated jay (C. mirabilis) Dwarf jay (C. nana) Beautiful jay (C. pulchra) Black-throated jay (C. pumilo) Turquoise jay (C. turcosa) White-collared jay (C. viridicyana)
Gymnorhinus	Pinyon jay (G. cyanocephalus)

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