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List of crossings of the River Derwent, Derbyshire

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This is a list of crossings of the Derbyshire Derwent, the principal river of Derbyshire in the Midlands of England.

Listed in the table are those crossings that have been identified from the first formal crossing at the packhorse bridge at Slippery Stones, in the upper Derwent valley, continuing through the Derwent Valley Mills heritage site to Derby, to the last crossing near Church Wilne upstream of Derwent Mouth where the Derwent meets the River Trent.

Described by Defoe in 1726 as a "fury of a river" the Derwent could only be forded at a number of particular locations, which could still be impassable during winter floods. Wooden bridges provided for a more reliable crossing, but were easily damaged by those same floods. The wooden bridge at Leadmill was destroyed before it was completed in the early 1700s. Toad-Moor Bridge near Ambergate was rebuilt as Halfpenny Bridge by Francis Hurt in 1792, after being swept away in a flood of 1791. In the Candlemas flood of February 1795, the bridges at Belper and Whatstandwell were washed away, but were subsequently rebuilt soon after.

Glover in his History of the County of Derby of 1829 noted that there were a number of bridges, fords and a ferry across the Derwent. There were fords at Wilne Mills, Alvaston, Little Eaton and Ambaston, and a ferry at Matlock Bath. Wooden bridges were mentioned at Wilne Mills, Borrowash Mills and Exeter Bridge, downstream of which was a long wooden bridge for canal towing horses. Tolls were levied at Wilne Mills, Darley Abbey, and Milford, where there was also a chain-bridge for mill workers. He also recorded a number of county bridges and stone-arched bridges, the majority of which are now listed structures, and in some cases scheduled monuments. A number of these bridges were built by the local industrial families of the Derwent valley, including those of Hurt, Strutt and Evans.

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Crossings

Key to heritage status
Status Criteria
I Grade I listed. Bridge of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important
II* Grade II* listed. Particularly important bridge of more than special interest
II Grade II listed. Bridge of national importance and special interest
SM Scheduled Monument. Nationally important archaeological bridge.
River order Name Image Location
Coordinates 		Carries Date Heritage
status 		Notes
1 Slippery Stones packhorse bridge Hope Woodlands
53°27′09″N 1°44′48″W / 53.45260°N 1.74661°W / 53.45260; -1.74661 (Slippery Stones)		 Footpath 1672
(1959) 		II A 17th-century packhorse bridge that was relocated from Derwent village
2 Howden Dam Howden Reservoir
53°26′00″N 1°45′00″W / 53.43333°N 1.75000°W / 53.43333; -1.75000 (Howden Dam)		 – 1912 II For information
3 Derwent Dam Derwent Reservoir
53°24′18″N 1°44′30″W / 53.40503°N 1.74167°W / 53.40503; -1.74167 (Derwent Dam)		 – 1916 II For information
4 Fairholmes Bridge Derwent Reservoir
53°24′09″N 1°44′32″W / 53.40260°N 1.74219°W / 53.40260; -1.74219 (Fairholmes Bridge)		 Derwent Lane - Stone arch bridge
5 Ashopton Viaduct Ladybower Reservoir
53°22′29″N 1°42′41″W / 53.37465°N 1.71147°W / 53.37465; -1.71147 (Ashopton Viaduct)		 A57 1943 - Concrete viaduct
6 Ladybower Dam Ladybower Reservoir
53°21′57″N 1°42′04″W / 53.3657°N 1.7011°W / 53.3657; -1.7011 (Ladybower Dam)		 Footpath 1943 - Footway along dam wall
7 Yorkshire Bridge Yorkshire Bridge
53°21′40″N 1°42′14″W / 53.36123°N 1.70386°W / 53.36123; -1.70386 (Yorkshire Bridge)		 Lydgate Lane 1800s II Stone arch bridge
8 Bamford Mill footbridge Bamford
53°20′48″N 1°41′39″W / 53.34659°N 1.69411°W / 53.34659; -1.69411 (Bamford Mill footbridge)		 Footpath - Wooden footbridge at Bamford Mill
9 Water Lane bridge Bamford
53°20′34″N 1°41′34″W / 53.34284°N 1.69273°W / 53.34284; -1.69273 (Water Lane bridge)		 Water Lane - Minor road bridge
10 Railway bridge Bamford
53°20′25″N 1°41′32″W / 53.34014°N 1.69230°W / 53.34014; -1.69230 (Railway bridge)		 Hope Valley line - Rail bridge
11 Mytham Bridge Bamford
53°20′21″N 1°41′38″W / 53.33917°N 1.69388°W / 53.33917; -1.69388 (Mytham Bridge)		 A6187 - Stone arch bridge with adjacent footbridge
12 Hathersage stepping stones Hathersage
53°19′50″N 1°40′31″W / 53.33048°N 1.67540°W / 53.33048; -1.67540 (Hathersage stepping stones)		 Footpath - Between Offerton and Hathersage
13 Leadmill Bridge Hathersage
53°19′19″N 1°39′04″W / 53.32187°N 1.65102°W / 53.32187; -1.65102 (Leadmill Bridge)		 B6001 18th century II Stone arch bridge – widened in 1928
14 Grindleford Bridge Grindleford
53°17′48″N 1°38′03″W / 53.29675°N 1.63415°W / 53.29675; -1.63415 (Grindleford Bridge)		 B6251 II & SM Stone arch bridge
15 Froggatt Bridge Froggatt
53°16′52″N 1°38′09″W / 53.28116°N 1.63585°W / 53.28116; -1.63585 (Froggatt Bridge)		 Minor Road 19th century SM Stone arch bridge
16 Froggatt New Bridge Froggatt
53°16′28″N 1°38′08″W / 53.27445°N 1.63565°W / 53.27445; -1.63565 (Froggatt New Bridge)		 A625 - Stone arch bridge
17 Calver Bridge Calver
53°16′00″N 1°37′53″W / 53.26657°N 1.63146°W / 53.26657; -1.63146 (Calver Bridge)		 Minor road 19th century II* Triple arched stone bridge
18 Calver Bridge (A623) Calver
53°15′59″N 1°37′55″W / 53.26625°N 1.63206°W / 53.26625; -1.63206 (Calver Bridge (A623))		 A623 1974 - Modern bridge
19 Baslow Bridge Baslow
53°14′52″N 1°37′31″W / 53.24775°N 1.62527°W / 53.24775; -1.62527 (Baslow Bridge)		 Minor road 1608 I & SM Stone arch bridge with toll booth
20 Devonshire Bridge Baslow
53°14′46″N 1°37′24″W / 53.24604°N 1.62337°W / 53.24604; -1.62337 (Devonshire Bridge)		 A619 1925 - Bakewell Road bridge
21 Chatsworth Park Bridge Chatsworth
53°13′41″N 1°36′58″W / 53.22800°N 1.61622°W / 53.22800; -1.61622 (Chatsworth Park Bridge)		 Minor road 1774 I Designed by James Paine, providing access to Chatsworth House
22 One Arch Bridge Chatsworth
53°12′45″N 1°36′40″W / 53.21241°N 1.61106°W / 53.21241; -1.61106 (One Arch Bridge)		 B6012 1760 II* & SM Also designed by James Paine, linking Edensor to Beeley
23 Rowsley Viaduct Rowsley
53°11′25″N 1°37′06″W / 53.19038°N 1.61842°W / 53.19038; -1.61842 (Rowsley Viaduct)		 Unused 1862 - Former railway viaduct
24 Rowsley Bridge Rowsley
53°11′22″N 1°37′02″W / 53.18957°N 1.61720°W / 53.18957; -1.61720 (Rowsley Bridge)		 A6 15th century II* & SM Stone arch bridge widened 1926
25 Darley Bridge Darley Bridge
53°09′18″N 1°35′49″W / 53.15508°N 1.59697°W / 53.15508; -1.59697 (Darley Bridge)		 B5057 15th century II* & SM Stone arch bridge
26 Peak Rail bridge Matlock
53°08′31″N 1°34′08″W / 53.14200°N 1.56899°W / 53.14200; -1.56899 (Peak Rail bridge)		 Peak Rail - Bridge 35
27 Derwent Way bridge Matlock
53°08′27″N 1°33′53″W / 53.14074°N 1.56464°W / 53.14074; -1.56464 (Derwent Way bridge)		 A6 2007 - Modern A6 bridge
28 Matlock Bridge Matlock
53°08′16″N 1°33′22″W / 53.13788°N 1.55622°W / 53.13788; -1.55622 (Matlock Bridge)		 Former A6 route restored and widened 1904 15th century II* & SM Stone arch bridge
29 Hall Leys Park footbridge Matlock
53°08′12″N 1°33′15″W / 53.13659°N 1.55414°W / 53.13659; -1.55414 (Hall Leys Park footbridge)		 Footpath - The gateway to the bridge shows flood heights in 1960 and 1965
30 Railway bridge Matlock
53°08′05″N 1°33′23″W / 53.13486°N 1.55643°W / 53.13486; -1.55643 (Railway bridge)		 Derwent Valley Line - Rail bridge
31 Footbridge Matlock
53°08′00″N 1°33′25″W / 53.13333°N 1.55684°W / 53.13333; -1.55684 (Footbridge)		 Footpath - Dale Road to Pic Tor
32 Footbridge Matlock Bath
53°07′34″N 1°33′35″W / 53.12600°N 1.55975°W / 53.12600; -1.55975 (Footbridge)		 Footpath - Dale Road to High Tor
33 Footbridge Matlock Bath
53°07′26″N 1°33′28″W / 53.12386°N 1.55791°W / 53.12386; -1.55791 (Footbridge)		 Footpath - Dale Road to cable car
34 Matlock Bath Bridge Matlock Bath
53°07′19″N 1°33′28″W / 53.12189°N 1.55786°W / 53.12189; -1.55786 (Matlock Bath Bridge)		 Access road - Access road to Station Yard
35 Jubilee Bridge, Matlock Bath Matlock Bath
53°07′17″N 1°33′42″W / 53.12142°N 1.56154°W / 53.12142; -1.56154 (Jubilee Bridge, Matlock Bath)		 Footpath 1887 - Footbridge
36 Derwent Gardens footbridge Matlock Bath
53°07′03″N 1°33′36″W / 53.11752°N 1.55990°W / 53.11752; -1.55990 (Derwent Gardens footbridge)		 Footpath 1969 - Modern footbridge linking Derwent Gardens to Lovers Walk; site of earlier Matlock ferry
37 Cromford Bridge Cromford
53°06′40″N 1°33′11″W / 53.11101°N 1.55310°W / 53.11101; -1.55310 (Cromford Bridge)		 Mill Road 15th century II* & SM Stone arch bridge
38 Cromford railway bridge Cromford
53°06′43″N 1°32′53″W / 53.11206°N 1.54809°W / 53.11206; -1.54809 (Cromford railway bridge)		 Derwent Valley Line - Rail bridge
39 Access bridge (High peak junction) High Peak Junction
53°06′03″N 1°31′54″W / 53.10074°N 1.53171°W / 53.10074; -1.53171 (Access bridge (High peak junction))		 Access road - Access to sewage works
40 Footbridge High Peak Junction
53°06′02″N 1°31′53″W / 53.10060°N 1.53127°W / 53.10060; -1.53127 (Footbridge)		 Footpath - High Peak Junction
41 Leawood railway bridge High Peak Junction
53°05′52″N 1°31′44″W / 53.09778°N 1.52882°W / 53.09778; -1.52882 (Leawood railway bridge)		 Derwent Valley Line - Rail bridge
42 Wigwell Aqueduct High Peak Junction
53°05′49″N 1°31′47″W / 53.09693°N 1.52983°W / 53.09693; -1.52983 (Wigwell Aqueduct)		 Cromford Canal 1790s SM Partially collapsed during construction; rebuilt at William Jessop's own expense
43 Railway bridge High Peak Junction
53°05′45″N 1°31′19″W / 53.09595°N 1.52191°W / 53.09595; -1.52191 (Railway bridge)		 Derwent Valley Line - Rail bridge
44 Homesford footbridge Whatstandwell
53°05′40″N 1°30′51″W / 53.09447°N 1.51415°W / 53.09447; -1.51415 (Homesford footbridge)		 Footpath - Combined foot and pipe bridge
45 Railway bridge Whatstandwell
53°05′23″N 1°30′25″W / 53.08979°N 1.50692°W / 53.08979; -1.50692 (Railway bridge – Whatstandwell)		 Derwent Valley Line - Rail bridge
46 Whatstandwell Bridge Whatstandwell
53°05′08″N 1°30′25″W / 53.08549°N 1.50704°W / 53.08549; -1.50704 (Whatstandwell Bridge)		 A6 1796 II Stone arch bridge
47 Oak Hurst mills bridge Ambergate
53°04′00″N 1°29′31″W / 53.06674°N 1.49193°W / 53.06674; -1.49193 (Oak Hurst mills bridge)		 Access road - Access bridge
48 Halfpenny Bridge Ambergate
53°03′34″N 1°29′02″W / 53.05942°N 1.48389°W / 53.05942; -1.48389 (Halfpenny Bridge)		 Holly Lane 1792 II Also known as Toad-Moor bridge, built as a toll bridge by Francis Hurt
49 Derwent Viaduct Ambergate
53°03′24″N 1°28′58″W / 53.05672°N 1.48288°W / 53.05672; -1.48288 (Derwent Viaduct)		 Midland Main Line 1840 II* Skewed rail bridge
50 Railway bridge Belper
53°02′45″N 1°29′06″W / 53.0458°N 1.4849°W / 53.0458; -1.4849 (Railway bridge)		 Midland Main Line - Rail bridge
51 Railway bridge Belper
53°01′56″N 1°28′59″W / 53.0321°N 1.4830°W / 53.0321; -1.4830 (Railway bridge)		 Midland Main Line - Rail bridge
52 Belper Bridge Belper
53°01′46″N 1°29′14″W / 53.02936°N 1.48725°W / 53.02936; -1.48725 (Belper Bridge)		 Bridge Foot 1798 II Tripled arched bridge
53 Belper Meadows footbridge Belper
53°01′30″N 1°29′30″W / 53.02505°N 1.49173°W / 53.02505; -1.49173 (Belper Meadows footbridge)		 Footpath - Access bridge
54 Belper sewage works bridge Belper
53°00′58″N 1°29′06″W / 53.01619°N 1.48501°W / 53.01619; -1.48501 (Belper sewage works bridge)		 Access road - Access bridge
55 Swainsley Railway bridge Belper
53°00′40″N 1°29′04″W / 53.01125°N 1.48433°W / 53.01125; -1.48433 (Swainsley Railway bridge)		 Midland Main Line - Steel rail bridge
56 Milford Bridge Milford
53°00′08″N 1°28′42″W / 53.00231°N 1.47840°W / 53.00231; -1.47840 (Milford Bridge)		 A6 1790 II Stone arch bridge
57 Milford footbridge Milford
53°00′03″N 1°28′46″W / 53.00096°N 1.47936°W / 53.00096; -1.47936 (Milford footbridge)		 Footpath - Garden centre access
58 Moscow Farm bridge Milford
52°59′45″N 1°28′53″W / 52.99587°N 1.48139°W / 52.99587; -1.48139 (Moscow Farm bridge)		 Access road - Access bridge
59 Duffield Church Bridge Duffield
52°58′58″N 1°28′47″W / 52.98290°N 1.47961°W / 52.98290; -1.47961 (Duffield Church Bridge)		 Makeney Road Probable 16th century II & SM Stone arch bridge
60 Burley Railway Bridge Little Eaton
52°58′11″N 1°28′17″W / 52.96981°N 1.47143°W / 52.96981; -1.47143 (Burley Railway Bridge)		 Midland Main Line - Rail bridge
61 Allestree Ford Bridge Allestree
52°57′27″N 1°27′58″W / 52.95760°N 1.46619°W / 52.95760; -1.46619 (Allestree Ford Bridge)		 Ford Lane - Former ford at this point
62 Allestree A38 Bridge Allestree
52°57′20″N 1°28′03″W / 52.95568°N 1.46759°W / 52.95568; -1.46759 (Allestree A38 Bridge)		 Abbey Hill - Dual carriageway bridge
63 Darley Abbey toll bridge Darley Abbey
52°56′36″N 1°28′33″W / 52.94332°N 1.47584°W / 52.94332; -1.47584 (Darley Abbey toll bridge)		 Haslams Lane - The existing toll bridge was deemed unsafe for both foot and road traffic in 2022, and was subsequently replaced by a temporary pedestrian footbridge known as Walter's Walkway later that same year.
64 Handyside Bridge Derby
52°55′51″N 1°28′39″W / 52.93092°N 1.47747°W / 52.93092; -1.47747 (Handyside Bridge)		 Footpath 1878 II Former GNR railway bridge
65 St Marys Bridge Derby
52°55′38″N 1°28′31″W / 52.92716°N 1.47519°W / 52.92716; -1.47519 (St Marys Bridge)		 Minor road 1793 II* & SM Designed by Thomas Harrison, it replaced an earlier medieval bridge; adjacent is St Mary's Bridge Chapel.
66 Causey Bridge Derby
52°55′36″N 1°28′31″W / 52.92667°N 1.47521°W / 52.92667; -1.47521 (Causey Bridge)		 Saint Alkmunds Way 1972 - Dual carriageway bridge
67 Cathedral Green Footbridge Derby
52°55′31″N 1°28′31″W / 52.92525°N 1.47522°W / 52.92525; -1.47522 (Cathedral Green footbridge)		 Footpath 2009 - Swing bridge
68 Exeter Bridge Derby
52°55′26″N 1°28′26″W / 52.92397°N 1.47382°W / 52.92397; -1.47382 (Exeter Bridge)		 Derwent Street 1929 - 1920s road bridge, replaced earlier wooden bridge
69 Holmes Bridge Derby
52°55′24″N 1°28′11″W / 52.92343°N 1.46968°W / 52.92343; -1.46968 (Holmes Bridge)		 A601 1972 - Dual carriageway bridge
70 Bass Recreation Ground footbridge Derby
52°55′17″N 1°27′57″W / 52.92139°N 1.46592°W / 52.92139; -1.46592 (Bass Recreation Ground footbridge)		 Footpath - Modern footbridge
71 Derwent Bridge Derby
52°55′10″N 1°27′50″W / 52.91952°N 1.46376°W / 52.91952; -1.46376 (Derwent Bridge)		 Midland Main Line 1840 II Skewed rail bridge, also known as Five Arches
72 Derwent Parade bridge Pride Park
52°55′03″N 1°26′35″W / 52.91761°N 1.44309°W / 52.91761; -1.44309 (Derwent Parade bridge)		 Derwent Parade - Modern road bridge
73 Railway bridge Pride Park Pride Park
52°54′40″N 1°26′26″W / 52.91104°N 1.44067°W / 52.91104; -1.44067 (Railway bridge Pride Park)		 Midland Main Line - Midland Main Line
74 Raynesway Bridge Derby
52°54′17″N 1°25′50″W / 52.90467°N 1.43049°W / 52.90467; -1.43049 (Raynesway Bridge)		 A5111 1938 - A5111
75 Waste Incinerator bridge Derby
52°54′16″N 1°25′39″W / 52.90440°N 1.42760°W / 52.90440; -1.42760 (Waste Incinerator bridge)		 Access road - Access to incinerator
76 Fernhook Avenue bridge Derby
52°54′10″N 1°24′42″W / 52.90280°N 1.41177°W / 52.90280; -1.41177 (Fernhook Avenue bridge)		 Access road 2009 - Access to Derby commercial park
77 Access bridge Borrowash
52°54′06″N 1°23′24″W / 52.90161°N 1.39012°W / 52.90161; -1.39012 (Access bridge)		 Access road - Borrowash
78 Borrowash Bridge Borrowash
52°54′06″N 1°23′03″W / 52.90162°N 1.38411°W / 52.90162; -1.38411 (Borrowash Bridge)		 B5010 - Links Borrowash to Elvaston
79 Ambaston Ford Ambaston
52°53′36″N 1°21′36″W / 52.89325°N 1.36010°W / 52.89325; -1.36010 (Ambaston Ford)		 Disused - Disused ford between Ambaston and Nooning Lane
80 Wilne footbridge Church Wilne
52°52′43″N 1°19′47″W / 52.87868°N 1.32974°W / 52.87868; -1.32974 (Wilne footbridge)		 Footpath 1960s - Replaced earlier toll bridge upstream at Wilne mills
81 Derwent Mouth Great Wilne
52°52′22″N 1°19′11″W / 52.87291°N 1.31980°W / 52.87291; -1.31980 (Derwent Mouth)		 – - Confluence with the Trent

Bibliography

References

  1. Philip's 1997, pp. 14–235.
  2. Cooper 1983, p. 166.
  3. Cooper 1983, p. 167.
  4. ^ Glover 1829, p. 259.
  5. Philosophical Magazine, Comprehending the Various Branches of Science, the Liberal and Fine Arts, Agriculture, Manifactures, and Commerce. 1812. pp. 206–.
  6. Listed Buildings, English Heritage, archived from the original on 22 December 2012, retrieved 22 April 2011
  7. Philip's 1997, p. 14.
  8. Historic England. "Slippery Stones (1087992)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  9. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 21.
  10. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 30.
  11. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 39.
  12. Historic England. "Yorkshire Bridge (1087856)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  13. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 40.
  14. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 52.
  15. Historic England. "Leadmill Bridge (1109800)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  16. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 72.
  17. Historic England. "Grindleford Bridge (1007059)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  18. Historic England. "Froggatt Bridge (1007056)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  19. Historic England. "Calver Bridge (1088212)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  20. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 91.
  21. Historic England. "Baslow Bridge (1088195)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  22. Historic England. "Chatsworth Park Bridge (1049093)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  23. Philip's 1997, p. 111.
  24. Historic England. "One Arch Bridge (1052356)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  25. Philip's 1997, p. 110.
  26. Philip's 1997, p. 126.
  27. Historic England. "Rowsley Bridge (1263843)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  28. Philip's 1997, p. 127.
  29. Historic England. "Darley Bridge (1248041)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  30. Philip's 1997, p. 142.
  31. Roberts, Alan (15 August 2012). Matlock & Matlock Bath Through Time. Amberley Publishing Limited. pp. 84–. ISBN 978-1-4456-2948-3.
  32. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 143.
  33. Historic England. "Matlock Bridge (1247890)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  34. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 155.
  35. Historic England. "Cromford Bridge (1263846)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  36. Historic England. "Wigwell Aqueduct (1007040)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  37. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 156.
  38. Historic England. "Whatstandwell Bridge (1335314)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  39. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 167.
  40. Historic England. "Halfpenny Bridge (1109020)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  41. Historic England. "Derwent Viaduct (1417625)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  42. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 178.
  43. Historic England. "Belper Bridge (1087394)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  44. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 191.
  45. Historic England. "Milford Bridge (1099189)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  46. Historic England. "Duffield Church Bridge (1158235)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  47. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 205.
  48. "Temporary footbridge – Walter's Walkway". Derby City Council. 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  49. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 219.
  50. Historic England. "Handyside Bridge (1215438)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  51. Historic England. "St Marys Bridge (1215897)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  52. "New bridge for Derby". BBC. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  53. Historic England. "Derwent Bridge (1417807)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  54. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 220.
  55. "New Raynesway bridge". Cass Hayward. 2009. Retrieved 27 January 2019.
  56. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 234.
  57. ^ Philip's 1997, p. 235.

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