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MAssive Cluster Survey

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MAssive Cluster Survey
Alternative namesMACS
Websitewww.ifa.hawaii.edu/~ebeling/clusters/MACS.html
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The MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS) compiled and characterized a sample of very X-ray luminous (and thus, by inference, massive), distant clusters of galaxies. The sample comprises 124 spectroscopically confirmed clusters at 0.3 < z < 0.7. Candidates were selected from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey data.

Cluster candidates that are south of declination -40° cannot be observed from Mauna Kea and fit into the Southern MACS (SMACS) extension. They are also being investigated when facilities are available.

History

One of the galaxy clusters, MACS J0647+7015 was found to have gravitationally lensed the most distant galaxy (MACS0647-JD) then ever imaged, in 2012, by CLASH. The first statistical study of X-ray cavities in distant clusters of galaxies was performed by analyzing the Chandra X-ray observations of MACS. Out of 76 clusters representing a sample of the most luminous X-ray clusters, observers found 13 cut and clear cavities and 7 possible cavities. A new radio halo, as well as a relic applicant, were found in MACS, with the help of the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope and the Karoo Array Telescope-7. The discovered radio halo has a largest linear scale of about 0.9Mpc. X-ray chosen clusters are almost free of projection effects because they are composed of intrinsically massive, gravitationally collapsed systems.

MACS team

The MACS team consists of:

Survey notation

Objects are labelled as JHHMM.m+DDMM where HHMM+DDMM are the coordinates in the J2000 system. Here H, D, and M refer to hours, degrees, and minutes, respectively, and m refers to tenths of minutes of time.

  • HH Hours of right ascension
  • MM.m Minutes of right ascension or declination
  • DD.d Degrees in declination

Southern MAssive Cluster Survey

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2022)

The Southern MAssive Cluster Survey (SMACS) involved the Hubble Space Telescope.

Notable surveyed objects

Survey object Right ascension Declination Notes
MACS J0025.4-1222 00 25.4 −12° 22′
MACS J0358.8-2955 03 58.8 −29.5° Part of Abell 3192
MACS J0416.1-2403 04 16 9.9 −24° 03′ 58″
MACS J0647+7015 06 47 +70° 15′
MACS J0717.5+3745 07 17.5 +37° 45′
SMACS J0723.3–7327 07 23 −73° 27′ Subject of first JWST deep field
MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1 11 49 35.59 22° 23′ 47.4″ Blue supergiant star observed through a gravitational lens
MACS 1423-z7p64 14 23 24° 04′ Most distant galaxy known as of April 2017
MACS 2129-1 21 29 −1°

References

  1. Ebeling, Harald; Alastair Edge; J. Patrick Henry (2001). "MACS: A Quest for the Most Massive Galaxy Clusters in the Universe". Astrophysical Journal. 553 (2): 668. arXiv:astro-ph/0009101. Bibcode:2001ApJ...553..668E. doi:10.1086/320958. S2CID 15324781.
  2. Ebeling, Harald; Elizabeth Barrett; David Donovan; Cheng-Jiun Ma; Alastair Edge; Leon van Speybroeck (2007). "A Complete Sample of 12 Very X-Ray Luminous Galaxy Clusters at z > 0.5". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 661 (661): 33. arXiv:astro-ph/0703394. Bibcode:2007ApJ...661L..33E. doi:10.1086/518603. S2CID 118914497.
  3. MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS)
  4. Repp, A; Ebeling, H (2018-09-01). "Science from a glimpse: Hubble SNAPshot observations of massive galaxy clusters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 479 (1): 844–864. arXiv:1706.01263. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1489. ISSN 0035-8711.
  5. NASA: Hubble Views a Double Cluster of Glowing Galaxies

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