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The Gavião are an indigenous people of Brazil, part of the Jê peoples. They are divided into two groups: the Parkatêjê living on the Tocantins River in the state of Pará, and the Pykobjê people of the state of Maranhão. There were about 175 Parkatêjê and over 300 Pykobjê as of the 1990s. They traditionally spoke dialects of the Timbira language.

The Gavião consistently resisted Brazilian incursions until 1857, when they were nearly exterminated by an army expedition. In the 1950s, they suffered greatly from encroachments on their territory and introduced diseases. Their traditional lifestyle was decimated and the Gavião became reliant on government aid. The University of São Paulo launched a program to develop a Gavião nut gathering business to sustain the tribes.

References

1. ^ Olson, James Stuart (1991). The Indians of Central and South America: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 129–130. ISBN 0313263876.

v t e Indigenous peoples of Brazil
Indigenous peoples of the North Region Acre Apurinã Asháninka Kaxinawá Kulina Machinere Yaminawá Amapá Aparai Kalina Karipuna Palikur Wayampi Amazonas Amahuaca Apurinã Banawá Baniwa Barasana Bora Cambeba Cubeo Dâw Hupda Jamamadi Juma Korubo Kulina Macuna Mawé Matis Matsés Munduruku Mura Parintintín Pirahã Pira-tapuya Siriano Tariana Tembé Tenharim Ticuna Tiriyó Tucano Turiwára Wai-wai Wayampi Wayana White Indians Witoto Yanomami Zuruahã Pará Amanayé Anambé Aparai Apiacá Arara (Pará) Araweté Atikum Karajá Kayapo Kỳikatêjê Munduruku Parkatêjê Parakanã Suruí (Pará) Tembé Tiriyó Turiwára Wai-wai Wayampi Wayana Zo'é Rondônia Aikanã Akuntsu Arara (Rondônia) Cinta Larga Gavião (Rondônia) Kanoê Karitiana Kwaza Paiter Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau Wari’ Roraima Akawaio Macushi Patamona Pemon Wapishana Yanomami Ye'kuana Tocantins Apinajé Karajá Krahô Tapirapé Xambioá Xerente
Indigenous peoples of the Northeast Region Bahia Pataxó Ceará Kiriri Tabajara Tapeba Maranhão Awá-Guajá Canela Guajajara Ka'apor Krĩkatí Gavião-Pykobjê Paraíba Potiguara Pernambuco Xukuru
Indigenous peoples of the Central-West Region Goiás Avá-Canoeiro Karajá Mato Grosso Aimoré Apiacá Aweti Bakairi Bororo Chiquitano Cinta Larga Enawene Nawe Guató Ikpeng Kaiabi Kalapalo Kamayurá Karajá Kayapo Kuikuro Matipu Munduruku Nahukuá Nambikwara Paiter Panará Paresi Rikbaktsa Kĩsêdjê (Suyá) Tapayúna Tapirapé Terena Trumai Umutina Wauja Xavante Yawalapiti Yudjá Zoró Mato Grosso do Sul Chamacoco Guarani-Kaiowá Guató Kadiweu Mbayá Ofayé Terena
Indigenous peoples of the South and Southeast Regions Espírito Santo Tupiniquim Minas Gerais Aimoré Kaxixó Xakriabá Santa Catarina Xokleng São Paulo Aimoré Kaingang Terena Widespread Kaingang

• Ethnic groups in Brazil
• Indigenous peoples in Brazil