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A riwaq (or rivaq, Arabic: رواق riwāq or ruwāq) is an arcade or portico (if in front of entrances) open on at least one side. It is an architectural design element in Islamic architecture and Islamic garden design.

A riwaq often serves as the transition space between interior and outdoor spaces. As portico or arcade structure, it provides shade and adjustment to sunlight in hot climates, and cover from rain in any locale.

Arcade

As an arcade element the structure is often found surrounding and defining the courtyards (sahn) of mosques and madrasas, and used for covered circulation, meeting and rest, and ritual circumambulation. The arcade element is also found along principal walkways of larger bazaars.

Examples

Riwaq arcade examples include:

• The Saudi Riwaq - portico expansion at the Masjid al-Haram mosque Makkah
• Along the main avenues of the Bazaar of Kashan, in present-day Iran.

See also

• Index: Islamic architectural elements

References

1. Seresser, Naoum B. (1918). Mesopotamian Arabic: A Guide for Students in the Modern Arabic Language as Spoken in Mesopotamia. Thacker and Company. Gallery ... ruwāq; dihlīz. رواق . دهليز
2. "Riwaq". Archnet.org Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. Archived from the original on 29 February 2012.
3. Koepf, Hans (1968). Bildwörterbuch der Architektur. Stuttgart: A. Kröner. ISBN 3-520-19402-3. OCLC 20384461. Archived from the original on 2022-03-26.
4. "Makkah Grand Mosque expansion to be officially named 'The Saudi Riwaq'". Peninsula.
5. "Brighton Festival Brings the Riwaq, a Type of Arabic Colonnade, to the Hove Seafront, in the UK". Arch Daily.

External links

v t e Islamic architecture
Styles	Abbasid Anatolian Seljuk Ayyubid Chinese Fatimid Great Seljuk Hausa Indo-Islamic Bengali Deccan Qutb Shahi Mughal Indonesian / Malaysian Iranian Mamluk Moorish Aghlabid Almoravid Almohad Hafsid Zayyanid Ottoman Somali Sudano-Sahelian Swahili Tatar Timurid Umayyad Yemeni
Elements	Materials Qadad Tadelakt Arches Chahartaq (four-arch structure) Discharging arch Four-centred arch Horseshoe arch Lambrequin arch Multifoil arch Ogee arch Pointed arch Squinch Vaulting Roofs Dome (Arabic dome / Onion dome / Persian dome / South Asian dome) Semi-dome Tajug Chhajja (eaves) Religious objects Anaza Bedug Dikka (or müezzin mahfili) Gonbad Hussainiya Imamzadeh Kiswah Loudspeakers Maqsurah Mihrab Minaret Minbar Qibla Zarih Decorations (For overview, see Islamic ornament) Ablaq (multicoloured ashlar) Āina-kāri Alfiz Arabesque Banna'i Girih Girih tiles Islamic calligraphy Islamic geometric patterns Jali Mosque lamp Muqarnas Nagash painting Qashani Sebka (Darj-wa-ktaf) Shabaka Shamsa Sitara Socarrat Stucco decoration Zellij Rooms Andaruni Harem Iwan Liwan (entrance hall) Mirador Hosh Qa’a Zenana Gardens Bagh Charbagh Islamic garden Mughal garden Paradise garden Persian gardens Reflecting pool Riad Outdoor objects Chhatri Eidgah Fina Mechouar Sebil Shadirvan Passive cooling Hypostyle Howz (fountain type) Jharokha Kucheh Mashrabiya Riwaq (arcade) Sahn (courtyard) Salsabil (fountain) Shabestan Shading Umbrellas Windcatcher
Types	Religious Congregational mosque Dar al-Muwaqqit Dargah Gongbei Jama'at Khana Khanqah Külliye Kuttab (or maktab) Madrasa Maqam Maqbara Mazar Mosque Musalla Qubba Rauza Surau Takya (or takyeh in modern Iran) Türbe Zawiya Civilian Baradari Bazaar Caravanserai Dar al-Shifa (Bimaristan) Ghorfa Hammam Hasht-Bihisht Kasbah Mahal Medina quarter Souq Well house Military Albarrana tower Alcázar Amsar Kasbah Ksar Qalat Ribat
Resources	Aga Khan Award for Architecture ArchNet Museum with No Frontiers
Influences	Indo-Saracenic Revival Influences on Western architecture Moorish Revival Mudéjar
Category pages	Arabic architecture Berber architecture Iranian architecture Islamic architecture Moorish architecture Mughal architecture Ottoman architecture Sudano-Sahelian architecture Yemeni architecture
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