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Upon its release, The Duke received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 59 based on 10 reviews, which indicates "mixed or average reviews".
The album debuted at No. 93 on the Billboard 200, and No. 1 on the Top Jazz Albums chart, selling around 5,000 copies in its first week of release. The album has sold 13,000 copies in the United States as of September 2015.
Steve Vai - guitar on "Isfahan" and "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy"
Kris Ingram Lanzaro - synthesizers, drum programming, sound design, on "Isfahan" and "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)", Production Assistant for whole album.
Vinnie Zummo - guitars on "Caravan", "I'm Beginning to See the Light / Take the "A" Train / Cotton Tail" and "Mood Indigo", harmonica on "Mood Indigo", "I Got It Bad (And That Ain't Good)", "Perdido / Satin Doll", "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy" and "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)"
Mary Rowell - violin on "Caravan", "I Got It Bad (And That Ain't Good)" and "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy"
Cornelius Dufallo - violin on "Caravan", "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy" and "I Got It Bad (And That Ain't Good)"
Ralph Farris - viola on "Caravan", "I Got It Bad (And That Ain't Good)" and "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy"
Dorothy Lawson - cello on "Caravan", "I Got It Bad (And That Ain't Good)" and "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy"
Christian McBride - bass guitar on "Caravan", "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy" and "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)", acoustic bass on "I'm Beginning to See the Light / Take the "A" Train / Cotton Tail" and "I Ain't Got Nothin' But the Blues / Do Nothin' 'Til You Hear from Me"
Ahmir '?uestlove' Thompson - drums on "Caravan", "I'm Beginning to See the Light / Take the "A" Train / Cotton Tail", "Mood Indigo", "Rockin' In Rhythm", "I Ain't Got Nothin' But the Blues / Do Nothin' 'Til You Hear from Me" and "The Mooche / Black and Tan Fantasy"
Sue Hadjopoulos – congas and bongos on "Caravan", "I'm Beginning to See the Light / Take the "A" Train / Cotton Tail" and "I Got It Bad (And That Ain't Good)"
Regina Carter - violin on "I'm Beginning to See the Light / Take the "A" Train / Cotton Tail", "Mood Indigo" and "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)"
