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Zaniolepis

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Genus of fishes This article is about the Cottoids. For the wrasse, see Comb wrasse.

Zaniolepis
Temporal range: Pleistocene to Present
Longspine Combfish (Z. latipinnis)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily: Zaniolepidoidea
Shinohara, 1994
Family: Zaniolepididae
Jordan & Gilbert, 1883
Subfamily: Zaniolepidinae
Jordan & Gilbert, 1883
Genus: Zaniolepis
Girard, 1858
Type species
Zaniolepis latipinnis
Girard, 1858
Synonyms

Zaniolepis, the combfishes, is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, it is one of two genera in the family Zaniolepididae. These fishes are native to the eastern Pacific Ocean. Z. frenata that was a source of food to the Native American inhabitants of San Nicolas Island off the coast of southern California, United States during the Middle Holocene.

Taxonomy

Zaniolepis was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1858 by the French zoologist Charles Frédéric Girard when he described Z. longispinis from Fort Steilacoom on Puget Sound in Washington. This genus is one of two genera in the family Zaniolepidae, each of which is classified within a monotypic subfamily. The subfamily Zaniolepinae, along with the Oxylebiinae, haves been classified as two subfamilies in the Hexagrammidae.

Etymology

Zaniolepis is a combination of xanion, which is a Greek word for a comb used to card wool, and lepis, meaning "scale", referring to the overlapping, almost ctenoid scales of Z. latipinnis.

Species

The currently recognized species in this genus are:

Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution
Zaniolepis frenata C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889 shortspine combfish Pacific Ocean southern Oregon, USA to central Baja California, Mexico.
Zaniolepis latipinnis Girard, 1858 longspine combfish northeast Pacific Ocean

Characteristics

Zaniolepis combfishes have a deep incision in the rear third their dorsal fin and the first 3 spines in the dorsal fin are highly elongated, extremely so in Z. latipinnis. The anal fin contains 3 spines while the first 2 rays in the pelvic fins are long and robust and extend past the origin of the anal fin. The caudal fin truncated. These fishes reach a maximum length of 25 cm (9.8 in).

Distribution and habitat

Zaniolepis combfishes are found in the eastern North Pacific Ocean from Alaska to Baja California. They are benthic fishes.

References

  1. Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
  2. Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
  3. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Zaniolepididae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
  4. ^ Catherine W. Mecklenburg & William N. Eschmeyer (2003). "Family Hexagrammidae Gill 1889 Greenlings" (PDF). California Academy of Sciences Annotated Checklists of Fishes. 2.
  5. Vellanoweth, R. L. & Erlandson, J. M. (1999): Middle Holocene Fishing and Maritime Adaptations at CA-SNI-161, San Nicolas Island, California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology, 21(2): pp. 257-274
  6. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Zaniolepis". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
  7. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  8. Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (11 July 2021). "Order Perciformes: Suborder Cottoidea: Infraorder Zaniolepidoales: Family Zaniolepidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
  9. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Zaniolepis". FishBase. August 2022 version.
Taxon identifiers
Zaniolepis
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